node学习五：Buffer缓冲器

Buffer类：

Buffer对象是Node处理二进制数据的一个接口。它是Node原生提供的全局对象，可以直接使用，不需要require(‘buffer’)。Buffer本质上就是字节数组

构造方法（类）：实例化buf对象

Buffer.from(array)：

let buf = Buffer.from([0x62, 0x75, 0x66, 0x66, 0x65, 0x72]);
console.log(buf.toString());

Buffer.from(string)：

let buf = Buffer.from('hello','utf8');
console.log(buf);

Buffer.alloc(size)：

let buf = Buffer.alloc(5);
console.log(buf);

静态方法：

Buffer.isEncoding() 判断是否支持该编码

console.log(Buffer.isEncoding('utf8'));
console.log(Buffer.isEncoding('gbk'));

Buffer.isBuffer() 判断是否为Buffer

let buf = Buffer.from('hello');
console.log(Buffer.isBuffer(buf));
console.log(Buffer.isBuffer({}));

Buffer.byteLength() 返回指定编码的字节长度，默认utf8

let buf = Buffer.from('中国','utf8');
console.log(Buffer.byteLength(buf));
console.log(buf.toString());
let buf1 = Buffer.from('中国','ascii');
console.log(Buffer.byteLength(buf1));
console.log(buf1.toString());

Buffer.concat() 将一组Buffer对象合并为一个Buffer对象

3);
let buf2 = Buffer.alloc(5);
let buf3 = Buffer.concat([buf1,buf2]);
console.log(Buffer.byteLength(buf3));

let buf1 = Buffer.from('tom');
let buf2 = Buffer.from('jerry');
let buf3 = Buffer.concat([buf1,buf2]);
console.log(Buffer.byteLength(buf3));
console.log(buf3.toString());

实例方法：

write() 向buffer对象中写入内容

let buf = Buffer.alloc(5);
console.log(buf);

let buf = Buffer.alloc(5);
buf.write('hello');
console.log(buf);

let buf = Buffer.alloc(5);
buf.write('hello',2);
console.log(buf);

let buf = Buffer.alloc(5);
buf.write('hello',2,2);
console.log(buf);

slice() 截取新的buffer对象

toString() 把buf对象转成字符串

let buf = Buffer.from('hello');
let buf1 = buf.slice(1,4);
console.log(buf === buf1);//false
console.log(buf1.toString());

toJson() 把buf对象转成json形式的字符串

// toJSON方法不需要显式（强制转换）调用，当JSON.stringify方法调用的时候会自动调用toJSON方法
// const buf = Buffer.from([0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5]);
const buf = Buffer.from('hello');
const json = JSON.stringify(buf);
console.log(json);