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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zgf605506394/article/details/98847684

CREATE TABLE students
(sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
sname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
ssex VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
sbirthday DATETIME,
class VARCHAR(5));

CREATE TABLE courses
(cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
cname VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
tno VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL);

CREATE TABLE scores
(sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
degree NUMERIC(10, 1) NOT NULL);

CREATE TABLE teachers
(tno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
tname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL, tsex VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
tbirthday DATETIME NOT NULL, prof VARCHAR(6),
depart VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL);

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (108 ,‘曾华’ ,‘男’ ,‘1977-09-01’,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (105 ,‘匡明’ ,‘男’ ,‘1975-10-02’,95031);
INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (107 ,‘王丽’ ,‘女’ ,‘1976-01-23’,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (101 ,‘李军’ ,‘男’ ,‘1976-02-20’,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (109 ,‘王芳’ ,‘女’ ,‘1975-02-10’,95031);
INSERT INTO STUDENTS (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (103 ,‘陆君’ ,‘男’ ,‘1974-06-03’,95031);

INSERT INTO COURSES(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES (‘3-105’ ,‘计算机导论’,825);
INSERT INTO COURSES(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES (‘3-245’ ,‘操作系统’ ,804);
INSERT INTO COURSES(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES (‘6-166’ ,‘数据电路’ ,856);
INSERT INTO COURSES(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES (‘9-888’ ,‘高等数学’ ,100);

INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (103,‘3-245’,86);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (105,‘3-245’,75);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (109,‘3-245’,68);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (103,‘3-105’,92);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (105,‘3-105’,88);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (109,‘3-105’,76);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (101,‘3-105’,64);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (107,‘3-105’,91);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (108,‘3-105’,78);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (101,‘6-166’,85);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (107,‘6-106’,79);
INSERT INTO SCORES(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (108,‘6-166’,81);

INSERT INTO TEACHERS(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART) VALUES (804,‘李诚’,‘男’,‘1958-12-02’,‘副教授’,‘计算机系’);
INSERT INTO TEACHERS(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART) VALUES (856,‘张旭’,‘男’,‘1969-03-12’,‘讲师’,‘电子工程系’);
INSERT INTO TEACHERS(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART) VALUES (825,‘王萍’,‘女’,‘1972-05-05’,‘助教’,‘计算机系’);
INSERT INTO TEACHERS(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART) VALUES (831,‘刘冰’,‘女’,‘1977-08-14’,‘助教’,‘电子工程系’);

1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
select Sname, Ssex, Class from Student;
2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
去重
select distinct depart from teachers
3、查询Student表的所有记录。
select * from Student
4、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
select * from Scores where degree between 60 and 80;
5、查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
select * from Scores where degree = 85 or degree = 86 or degree = 88;
改为
select * from Scores where degree in (85, 86, 88);
6、查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
select * from Student where class = “95031” or Ssex = “女”;
7、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
降序
select * from Student order by Class desc;
8、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
以某升序以某降序
select * from Score order by Cno, Degree desc;
9、查询“95031”班的学生人数。
select count from students where class = “95031”;
10、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。
分数最高
select sno, cno from Score order by Degree limit 1;
11、查询‘3-105’号课程的平均分。
平均值
select avg(degree) from scores where cno = “3-105”;

12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
错误：
select avg(degree) from score where cno begin with “3” and count(sno) >= 5;
范例：
select cno, avg(degree) from score where cno like “3%” group by cno having count(sno) >= 5;

13、查询最低分大于70，最高分小于90的Sno列。
select sno from scores group by sno having max(degree) < 90 and min(degree) > 70;

14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

select sname, cno, degree from students join in scores where students.sno = scores.sno;
范例：
select sname, cno, degree from students inner join scores on (students.sno = scores.sno) order by sname;

15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
select sno,cname,degree from scores inner join courses on (scores.cno = courses.cno) order by sno;

16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
多表关联
select sname,cname,degree
from students inner join scores
on (students.sno = scores.sno) inner join courses
on (courses.cno = scores.cno) order by sname;

17、查询“95033”班所选课程的平均分。
错误：
select cno avg(scores) from students inner join scores on (students.sno = scores.sno) group by cno where class = “95033”;
范例：
select cname avg(degree)
from students inner join scores
on (students.sno = scores.sno) inner join courses
on (courses.cno = scores.con) where class = “95033”
group by courses.cno
order by cname;

18、假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：
create table grade(low number(3,0),upp number(3),rank char(1));
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’);
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’);
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’);
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’);
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’);
commit;
现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。

区间调教关联：
select sno, cno, rank 
from scores inner join grade
on (scores.degree >= grade.low and scores.degree <= grade.upp)
order by sno;

19、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
错误：
select * from
students inner join scores
on (students.sno = scores.sno)
where cno = “3-105” and degree > (select degree from scores where sno = “109”);
范例：
select s1.sno, s1.degree from
scores as s1 inner join scores as s2
on (s1.cno = s2.cno and s1.degree > s2.degree)
where s1.cno = “3-105” and s2.sno = “109”
order by s1.sno;

20、查询score中选学一门以上课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
有疑问
select * from scores
group by sno
where count() > 1 and degree != max(degree)

21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
有疑问
select s1.sno, s1.cno, s1.degree
from scores as s1 inner join scores as s2
on (s1.degree > s2.degree)
where s2.sno = “109” and s2.cno = “3-105”;

22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
同年出生：
select s1.sno, s1.sname, s1.sbirthday
from students as s1 inner join students as s2
on (year(s1.sbirthday) = year(s2.sbirthday))
where s2.sno = “108”;

23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
select * from scores as s inner join courses as c
on (s.cno = c.cno) inner join teachers as t
on (t.tno = c.tno)
where t.tname = “张旭”
Order by sno;

24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
select distinct tname
from teachers as t inner join courses as c
on (t.tno = c.tno) inner join scores as s
on (c.cno = s.cno)
where c.cno in (select cno from scores group by (sno) having
count(sno) > 5);
范例：
select distinct tname
from scores inner join courses
on (scores.cno = courses.cno) inner join teachers
on (courses.tno = teachers.tno)
where courses.cno in (
select cno from scores
group by (cno) having count(sno)>5);

25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
select * from students where class in (“95033”,“95031”) order by class;

26、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
错误：
select distinct cno from scores group by cno having max(degree) > 85;
范例：
select distinct cno from scores where degree > 85;

27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
select t.tname,c.cname,s.sno,s.degree from scores as s inner join courses as c
on (s.cno = c.cno) inner join teachers as t
on (c.tno = t.tno)
where t.depart = “计算机系”;
范例：
select from teachers as t inner join courses as c
on (t.tno = c.tno) inner join scores as s
on (c.cno = s.cno) inner join students as st
on (s.sno = st.sno)
where t.depart = “计算机系”;

28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
select tname, prof from teachers where depart in (“计算机系”, “电子工程系”);
范例：
select tname, prof from teachers
where depart = “计算机系” and prof not in (
select distinct prof from teachers where depart = “电子工程系”);

29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
范例：
select cno, sno, degree from scores where cno = “3-105” and degree > any(
select degree from scores where cno = “3-245”) order by degree desc;

30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
select * from scores as s1 inner join scores as s2
on (s1.degree > s2.degree)
范例：
select * from scores where cno = “3-105” and degree > all(select degree from scores where cno = “3-204”)

31、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
范例：
select sname, ssex, sbirthday from students union select tname, tsex, tbirthday from teachers;

32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
select sname, ssex, sbirthday from students where ssex = “女” union select tname, tsex, tbirthday from teachers where tsex = “女”;

33、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
错误：
select * from scores where degree < (select avg(degree) from scores group by cno)
范例：
select s1.* from scores as s1 inner join (select
cno,avg(degree) as aDegree from scores group by (cno)) s2
on (s1.cno = s2.cno and s1.degree < s2.aDegree);

34、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
select tname, depart from teachers where tno in (select tno from courses);

35 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
select tname, depart from teachers where tno not in (select tno from courses);

36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
select count(ssex) as css, class from students group by (class) where count
范例：
select class, count(1) as boyCount from students
where ssex = “男”
group by class
having boyCount >= 2;

37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
select * from students where sname not like “王%”;

38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
范例：
select sname, year(now())-year(sbirthday) as sage from students;

39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
范例：
select max(sbirthday), min(sbirthday) from students;

40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
select * from students order by class desc, sbirthday asc;

41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
select t.tname, c.cname from teachers as t inner join courses as c
on (teachers.tno = courses.tno) where t.tsex = “男”;

42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
select sno, cno, max(degree) from scores group by (cno);
范例：
select * from scores group by (cno) having degree = max(degree);

43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
select sname from students where ssex = (select ssex from students where sname = “李军”);
范例：
select s1.sname from students as s1 inner join students as s2
on (s1.ssex = s2.ssex) where s2.sname = “李军”;

44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
select s1.sname from students as s1 inner join students as s2
on (s1.ssex = s2.ssex and s1.class = s2.class)
where s2.name = “李军”;

45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表
select st.sname, c.cname, s.degree from courses as c inner join scores as s
on (c.cno = s.cno) inner join students as st
on (s.sno = st.sno)
where c.cname = “计算机导论” and st.ssex = “男”；
范例：
select * from scores
where sno in (select sno from students where ssex = “男”)
and cno in (select cno from courses where cname = “计算机导论”);