Hibernate的手册里的Cat例子感觉很不明了,很难照着它轻松的运行起第一个例子,费了点周折,总算看到一点结果,如果你是新手,可以参考一下,少走一些弯路。
Cat-5/v5.0.27/bin/jakarta-tomCat-5.0.27.zip " target=_blank />TomCat 5.0.27 | Cat-5/v5.0.28/bin/jakarta-tomCat-5.0.28.zip" target=_blank />TomCat 5.0.28 | Hibernate/?sort_by=date&sort=desc" target=_blank />Hibernate2.1.6
2. 安装
tomCat的安装,及mysql的安装和DBCP的配制参见
http://blog.csdn.net/ahxu/archive/2004/09/01/91611.aspx,这里就不提了,这里假设tomCat+mysql已经配置并测试可用,这里%WebApp%代表你已配置好的一个web应用的root,着重说一下Hibernate的安装,
1) 解压下载的压缩包,将解压出来的Hibernate2.jar复制到%WebApp%/WEB-INF/lib
2) 将解压出来的lib目录下的
cglib-full-2.0.2.jar
commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
dom4j-1.4.jar
ehcache-0.9.jar
jta.jar
log4j-1.2.8.jar
odmg-3.0.jar
文件同样复制到%WebApp%/WEB-INF/lib,具体请参见解压出来的lib目录下的readme.txt。
3) 将解压出来的etc目录下的
log4j.properties
文件复制到%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes。
3.编写相关文件
1) 按照参考文档,配置Hibernate,将以下代码保存为Hibernate.cfg.xml放在%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes下
Hibernate-configuration
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
"Hibernate.sourceforge.net/Hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd" />http://Hibernate.sourceforge.net/Hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd">
<Hibernate-configuration>
java:comp/env/jdbc/mysql
false
net.sf. Hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
Cat.hbm.xml"/>
Hibernate-configuration>
NOTE:这里与Hibernate文档里的不一样,这里指定数据源为mysql数据库jdbc/mysql,方言dialect为net.sf.Hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect。
2) 将以下代码保存为Cat.java,并生成相应的Cat.class,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes,这里无论你用什么方法生成Cat.class,但最终Cat.class应在%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes/net/sf/Hibernate/examples/quickstart目录下
package net.sf.Hibernate.examples.quickstart;
public class Cat {
private String id;
private String name;
private char sex;
private float weight;
public Cat() {
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
private void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public char getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(char sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public float getWeight() {
return weight;
}
public void setWeight(float weight) {
this.weight = weight;
}
}
3) 将以下代码保存为O/R映射文件Cat.hbm.xml,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes
Hibernate-mapping
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
"Hibernate.sourceforge.net/Hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd" />http://Hibernate.sourceforge.net/Hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">
<Hibernate-mapping>
Hibernate.examples.quickstart. Cat" table=" Cat">
Cat_ID" sql-type="char(32)" not-null="true"/>
Hibernate-mapping
4) 在数据库内建表,结构如下
Column | Type | Modifiers
--------+-----------------------+-----------
Cat_id | character(32) | not null
name | character varying(16) | not null
sex | character(1) |
weight | real |
Indexes: Cat_pkey primary key btree (Cat_id)
5) 将以下代码保存为HibernateUtil.java,并生成相应的HibernateUtil.class,放入%WebApp%/WEB-INF/classes,同样注意package
package net.sf.Hibernate.examples.quickstart;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import net.sf.Hibernate.*;
import net.sf.Hibernate.cfg.*;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class);
private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static {
try {
// Create the SessionFactory
sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
} Catch (Throwable ex) {
log.error("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.", ex);
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
}
}
public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();
public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
Session s = (Session) session.get();
// Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet
if (s == null) {
s = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.set(s);
}
return s;
}
public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
Session s = (Session) session.get();
session.set(null);
if (s != null)
s.close();
}
}
NOTE:这里与Hibernate文档也不同,原文档编绎时缺少2个包,这里已加上。
6) 将以下代码保存为test.jsp,放入%WebApp%/,用http测试
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GB2312" %><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.Transaction"%><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.Session"%><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.cfg.*"%><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.Query"%><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.examples.quickstart.HibernateUtil"%><%@ page import="net.sf.Hibernate.examples.quickstart.Cat"%><%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<%
//添加一只Cat
Session ses = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
Transaction tx= ses.beginTransaction();
princess.setName("ahxu");
princess.setSex('F');
princess.setWeight(7.4f);
ses.save(princess);
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
//读取库里所有Cat
ses = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
tx= ses.beginTransaction();
Query query = ses.createQuery("select c from Cat as c where c.sex = :sex");
query.setCharacter("sex", 'F');
for (Iterator it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
out.println("Female Cat: " + Cat.getName() );
}
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
%>
小结
步骤基本与原文档步骤相同,只是做了一些补充,方便上手,这里并没有对其中的一些配置做具体解释,如有疑问请参见发行包中的相关文档。
以上tomCat5.027 + Hibernate2.1.6测试通过
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