HTTP协议上的GZIP编码是一种用来改进WEB应用程序性能的技术。大流量的WEB站点常常使用GZIP压缩技术来减少文件大小,减少文件大小有两个明显的好处,一是可以减少存储空间,二是通过网络传输文件时,可以减少传输的时间。作者在写这篇博客时经过测试,4.4MB的文本数据经过Gzip传输到客户端之后变为392KB,压缩效率极高。
一.服务端
服务端有2种方式去压缩,一种可以自己压缩,但是更推荐第二种方式,用PrintWriter作为输出流,工具类代码如下
- /**
- * 判断浏览器是否支持 gzip 压缩
- * @param req
- * @return boolean 值
- */
- public static boolean isGzipSupport(HttpServletRequest req) {
- String headEncoding = req.getHeader("accept-encoding");
- if (headEncoding == null || (headEncoding.indexOf("gzip") == -1)) { // 客户端 不支持 gzip
- return false;
- } else { // 支持 gzip 压缩
- return true;
- }
- }
- /**
- * 创建 以 gzip 格式 输出的 PrintWriter 对象,如果浏览器不支持 gzip 格式,则创建普通的 PrintWriter 对象,
- * @param req
- * @param resp
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static PrintWriter createGzipPw(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
- PrintWriter pw = null;
- if (isGzipSupport(req)) { // 支持 gzip 压缩
- pw = new PrintWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(resp.getOutputStream()));
- // 在 header 中设置返回类型为 gzip
- resp.setHeader("content-encoding", "gzip");
- } else { // // 客户端 不支持 gzip
- pw = resp.getWriter();
- }
- return pw;
- }
/**
* 判断浏览器是否支持 gzip 压缩
* @param req
* @return boolean 值
*/
public static boolean isGzipSupport(HttpServletRequest req) {
String headEncoding = req.getHeader("accept-encoding");
if (headEncoding == null || (headEncoding.indexOf("gzip") == -1)) { // 客户端 不支持 gzip
return false;
} else { // 支持 gzip 压缩
return true;
}
}
/**
* 创建 以 gzip 格式 输出的 PrintWriter 对象,如果浏览器不支持 gzip 格式,则创建普通的 PrintWriter 对象,
* @param req
* @param resp
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static PrintWriter createGzipPw(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
PrintWriter pw = null;
if (isGzipSupport(req)) { // 支持 gzip 压缩
pw = new PrintWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(resp.getOutputStream()));
// 在 header 中设置返回类型为 gzip
resp.setHeader("content-encoding", "gzip");
} else { // // 客户端 不支持 gzip
pw = resp.getWriter();
}
return pw;
}
servlet代码如下:
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
- response.setHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
- String ret = "{\"ContentLayer\":{\"title\":\"内容层\"},\"PageLink\":{\"title\":\"页面跳转\"},\"WebBrowser\":{\"title\":\"浏览器\"},"
- + "\"InlinePage\":{\"title\":\"内嵌页面\"},\"VideoComp\":{\"title\":\"视频\"},"
- + "\"PopButton\":{\"title\":\"内容开关\"},\"ZoomingPic\":{\"title\":\"缩放大图\"},"
- + "\"Rotate360\":{\"title\":\"360度旋转\"}}";
- PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(response.getOutputStream()));
- pw.write(ret);
- pw.close();
- }
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doPost(request, response);
- }
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
String ret = "{\"ContentLayer\":{\"title\":\"内容层\"},\"PageLink\":{\"title\":\"页面跳转\"},\"WebBrowser\":{\"title\":\"浏览器\"},"
+ "\"InlinePage\":{\"title\":\"内嵌页面\"},\"VideoComp\":{\"title\":\"视频\"},"
+ "\"PopButton\":{\"title\":\"内容开关\"},\"ZoomingPic\":{\"title\":\"缩放大图\"},"
+ "\"Rotate360\":{\"title\":\"360度旋转\"}}";
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(response.getOutputStream()));
pw.write(ret);
pw.close();
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
在代理软件中跟踪到的数据如下:
- ‹«VrÎÏ+IÍ+ñI¬L-R²ªV*É,ÉIU²R:rëÄÝM•ju”ÓS}2ó²‘e/m>üìÌë«@òá©INEùåŨúŸ¬?pàØw¼g^Nf^*ÈTóo™R–™’šïœŸ[€¬àÔåc[ÁÖç8•–”äç¡»nÿª7@
- ¢òós3óÒ2“‘Uœþºýè–Ïg÷€Tå—$–¤› +r·¸ðä‡Zh¤†ˆ
«VrÎÏ+IÍ+ñI¬L-R²ªV*É,ÉIU²R:rëÄÝMjuÓS}2ó²e/m>üìÌë«@òá©INEùåŨú¬?pàØw¼g^Nf^*ÈTóoRï[¬àÔåc[ÁÖç8äç¡»nÿª7@
¢òós3óÒ2UþºýèÏg÷Tå$¤ +r·¸ðäZh¤
实际数据如下:
- {"ContentLayer":{"title":"内容层"},"PageLink":{"title":"页面跳转"},"WebBrowser":{"title":"浏览器"},"InlinePage":{"title":"内嵌页面"},"VideoComp":{"title":"视频"},"PopButton":{"title":"内容开关"},"ZoomingPic":{"title":"缩放大图"},"Rotate360":{"title":"360度旋转"}}
{"ContentLayer":{"title":"内容层"},"PageLink":{"title":"页面跳转"},"WebBrowser":{"title":"浏览器"},"InlinePage":{"title":"内嵌页面"},"VideoComp":{"title":"视频"},"PopButton":{"title":"内容开关"},"ZoomingPic":{"title":"缩放大图"},"Rotate360":{"title":"360度旋转"}}
二.Android客户端
得到HttpClient代码:
- private static DefaultHttpClient getHttpClient() {
- DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- // 设置 连接超时时间
- httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
- HttpConnectionParams.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, TIMEOUT_CONNECTION);
- // 设置 读数据超时时间
- httpClient.getParams().setParameter(HttpConnectionParams.SO_TIMEOUT,
- TIMEOUT_SOCKET);
- // 设置 字符集
- httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.protocol.content-charset",
- UTF_8);
- return httpClient;
- }
private static DefaultHttpClient getHttpClient() {
DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 设置 连接超时时间
httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
HttpConnectionParams.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, TIMEOUT_CONNECTION);
// 设置 读数据超时时间
httpClient.getParams().setParameter(HttpConnectionParams.SO_TIMEOUT,
TIMEOUT_SOCKET);
// 设置 字符集
httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.protocol.content-charset",
UTF_8);
return httpClient;
}
得到HttpPost:
- private static HttpPost getHttpPost(String url) {
- HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
- // 设置 请求超时时间
- httpPost.getParams().setParameter(HttpConnectionParams.SO_TIMEOUT,
- TIMEOUT_SOCKET);
- httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
- httpPost.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
- return httpPost;
- }
private static HttpPost getHttpPost(String url) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 设置 请求超时时间
httpPost.getParams().setParameter(HttpConnectionParams.SO_TIMEOUT,
TIMEOUT_SOCKET);
httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
httpPost.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
return httpPost;
}
访问网络代码:
- public static InputStream http_post_return_byte(String url,
- Map<String, String> params) throws AppException {
- DefaultHttpClient httpclient = null;
- HttpPost post = null;
- HttpResponse response = null;
- StringBuilder sb = null;
- StringEntity stringEntity = null;
- try {
- httpclient = getHttpClient();
- post = getHttpPost(url);
- sb = new StringBuilder();
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
- Logger.d("In http_post the url is get here");
- for (Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
- sb.append(entry.getKey())
- .append("=")
- .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),
- HTTP.UTF_8)).append("&");
- }
- sb.deleteCharAt(sb.lastIndexOf("&"));
- Logger.d("In http_post the url is " + url + " and params is "
- + sb.toString());
- stringEntity = new StringEntity(sb.toString());
- stringEntity
- .setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
- post.setEntity(stringEntity);
- }
- response = httpclient.execute(post);
- int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
- Logger.d("statusCode is " + statusCode);
- if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
- throw AppException.http(statusCode);
- }
- InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent();
- Header contentEncoding = response
- .getFirstHeader("Content-Encoding");
- if (contentEncoding != null
- && contentEncoding.getValue().equalsIgnoreCase("gzip")) {
- is = new GZIPInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(is));
- }
- return is;
- } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw AppException.http(e);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw AppException.network(e);
- } finally {
- /*
- * if (!post.isAborted()) {
- *
- * post.abort(); } httpclient = null;
- */
- }
- }
public static InputStream http_post_return_byte(String url,
Map<String, String> params) throws AppException {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = null;
HttpPost post = null;
HttpResponse response = null;
StringBuilder sb = null;
StringEntity stringEntity = null;
try {
httpclient = getHttpClient();
post = getHttpPost(url);
sb = new StringBuilder();
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
Logger.d("In http_post the url is get here");
for (Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
sb.append(entry.getKey())
.append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),
HTTP.UTF_8)).append("&");
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.lastIndexOf("&"));
Logger.d("In http_post the url is " + url + " and params is "
+ sb.toString());
stringEntity = new StringEntity(sb.toString());
stringEntity
.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
post.setEntity(stringEntity);
}
response = httpclient.execute(post);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
Logger.d("statusCode is " + statusCode);
if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
throw AppException.http(statusCode);
}
InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent();
Header contentEncoding = response
.getFirstHeader("Content-Encoding");
if (contentEncoding != null
&& contentEncoding.getValue().equalsIgnoreCase("gzip")) {
is = new GZIPInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(is));
}
return is;
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw AppException.http(e);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw AppException.network(e);
} finally {
/*
* if (!post.isAborted()) {
*
* post.abort(); } httpclient = null;
*/
}
}