观察者模式

https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/observer-pattern.html

意图：定义对象间的一种一对多的依赖关系，当一个对象的状态发生改变时，所有依赖于它的对象都得到通知并被自动更新。

被观察对象

public class Subject {
   
   private List<Observer> observers 
      = new ArrayList<Observer>();
   private int state;
 
   public int getState() {
      return state;
   }
 
   public void setState(int state) {
      this.state = state;
      notifyAllObservers();
   }
 
   public void attach(Observer observer){
      observers.add(observer);      
   }
 
   public void notifyAllObservers(){
      for (Observer observer : observers) {
         observer.update();
      }
   }  
}

观察者接口

public abstract class Observer {
   protected Subject subject;
   public abstract void update();
}

实际的观察者对象

public class BinaryObserver extends Observer{
 
   public BinaryObserver(Subject subject){
      this.subject = subject;
      this.subject.attach(this);
   }
 
   @Override
   public void update() {
      System.out.println( "Binary String: " 
      + Integer.toBinaryString( subject.getState() ) ); 
   }
}

客户端

public class ObserverPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Subject subject = new Subject();
 
      new HexaObserver(subject);
      new OctalObserver(subject);
      new BinaryObserver(subject);
 
      System.out.println("First state change: 15");   
      subject.setState(15);
      System.out.println("Second state change: 10");  
      subject.setState(10);
   }
}