Hbase基本语句用法

Hbase基本语句用法

使用hbase shell命令进入hbase：

[root@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl123456789012~]# hbase shell
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4Jbindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/hadoop/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/zookeeper/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Seehttp://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type[org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell; enter ‘help’ forlist of supported commands.
Type “exit” toleave the HBase Shell
Version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, FriSep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016

hbase(main):001:0>

输入help 查看帮助信息

hbase(main):001:0> help
HBase Shell, version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227,rUnknown, Fri Sep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016
Type ‘help “COMMAND”’, (e.g.‘help “get”’ – the quotes are necessary) for help on a specificcommand.
Commands are grouped. Type ‘help"COMMAND_GROUP"’, (e.g. ‘help “general”’) for help on acommand group.

COMMAND GROUPS:
Group name: general
Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami
…

查看服务器状态：

hbase(main):002:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 4servers, 0 dead, 20.5000 average load

查看版本信息

hbase(main):003:0> version
1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, Fri Sep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016

查看当前用户：

hbase(main):004:0> whoami
root (auth:SIMPLE)
groups: root

查看表相关命令的帮助信息：

hbase(main):005:0> table_help
Help for table-reference commands.

You can either create a table via 'create’and then manipulate the table via commands like ‘put’, ‘get’, etc.
See the standard help information for howto use each of these commands.
…

创建表

常用语法：create ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ [ ,‘columnfamilyname1’ [ ,'columnfamilyname2, …]]

详细语法使用help -create 查看create语句

hbase(main):006:0> create ‘test’,‘fam1’,‘fam2’
0 row(s) in 8.3530 seconds

=> Hbase::Table – test

使用list命令列出表名：

常用语法：list '[namespacename:]tablename]

详细语法可以使用help ‘list’ 查看，list 后面可以跟正则表达式，列出符合表达式的表名

hbase(main):011:0> list ‘test’ –列出名为test的表名
TABLE
test
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

=> [“test”]
hbase(main):012:0> list ‘tes.*’—列出以名称tes开头的表名
TABLE
test
test:testtable
2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

=> [“test”,“test:testtable”]
hbase(main):013:0> list ‘default:.*’ –列出default命名空间下的表名
TABLE
ambarismoketest
test
2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

=> [“ambarismoketest”,“test”]
hbase(main):014:0> list ‘test:.*’ –列出test这个命名空间下的表名
TABLE
test:testtable
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

=> [“test:testtable”]

使用desc命令查看指定表的具体信息（desc等同于describe）

语法：desc ‘[namespacename:]tablename’

      describe '[namespacename:]tablename'

详细语法使用help 'describe’查看

hbase(main):016:0> desc ‘test’ 查看test这张表的信息
Table test is ENABLED
test
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘fam1’, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW’, VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0’,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
{NAME => ‘fam2’, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW’, VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0’,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
2 row(s) in 0.1710 seconds

hbase(main):017:0> desc 'test:testtable’查看test命名空间下testtable这张表的信息
Table test:testtable is ENABLED
test:testtable
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘colfam1’, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW’, VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0’, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
{NAME => ‘colfam2’, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW’, VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0’, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
{NAME => ‘colfam3’, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW’, VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE’, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0’, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds

使用put插入数据

常用语法：put ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ , ‘rowkey’ , ‘columnfamilyname[:column]’ , ‘value’

详细语法使用help 'put’查看

hbase(main):002:0> put’test’,‘row2’,‘fam1:a’,‘value’
0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds
hbase(main):003:0> put ‘test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’,‘value’
0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds
hbase(main):004:0> put ‘test’,‘row1’,‘fam2:a’,‘value’
0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> put’test’,‘row2’,‘fam2:a’,‘value’
0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds

使用scan查看全表数据

常用语法：scan ‘[namespacename:]tablename’

详细语法使用help 'scan’查看

hbase(main):002:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.1120 seconds

查看指定列的数据：

hbase(main):004:0> scan ‘test’,{COLUMNS=> ‘fam1:a’}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.2390 seconds

hbase(main):021:0> get ‘test’,‘row1’
COLUMN CELL
fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
fam2:a timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.1110 seconds

使用get查询数据：

语法：get ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ , ‘rowkey’ [, ‘columnfamliyname[:column]’]

详细语法使用help 'get’查看

hbase(main):024:0> get’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1’
COLUMN CELL
fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
1 row(s) in 0.0690 seconds
hbase(main):026:0> get ‘test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’
COLUMN CELL
fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
1 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds

使用delete删除数据

常用语法：delete ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ , ‘rowkey’ , ‘columnfamliyname:column’

当表中存在只制定了columnfamily没有具体制定column的数据时，delete可以这么用

delete ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ , ‘rowkey’ , ‘columnfamliyname’,不存在这样的数据，使用这样的语句不会删除数据。

更详细的语法使用help 'delete’查看

hbase(main):008:0> delete’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’
0 row(s) in 0.3370 seconds

hbase(main):009:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.0850 seconds

使用incr增加数据（默认使用counter实现递增）

常用语法：incr ‘[namespacename:]tablename’ , ‘rowkey’ , ‘columnfamilyname:column’

更详细的语法使用help 'incr’查看

hbase(main):012:0> incr’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’
COUNTER VALUE = 1
0 row(s) in 1.1700 seconds

hbase(main):013:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504768054892, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014,value=value
2 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds

hbase(main):014:0> incr’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’
COUNTER VALUE = 2
0 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds

hbase(main):015:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.0770 seconds

使用get_counter查看当前的counter值：

hbase(main):027:0> get_counter’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’
COUNTER VALUE = 2

使用put更新数据：

hbase(main):029:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds

hbase(main):030:0> put’test’,‘row1’,‘fam1:a’,‘newvalue’
0 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds

hbase(main):031:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768397480, value=newvalue
row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.0760 seconds

使用is_enabled/is_disabled查看表是否被启用/禁用

hbase(main):032:0> is_enable ‘test’
NoMethodError: undefined method `is_enable’for #Object:0x15d114ce

hbase(main):033:0> is_enabled ‘test’
true
0 row(s) in 0.1180 seconds

hbase(main):034:0> is_disabled ‘test’
false
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

使用disable禁用表

hbase(main):001:0> disable ‘test’
0 row(s) in 4.7170 seconds

hbase(main):002:0> is_disabled ‘test’
true
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

使用enbale启用表

hbase(main):003:0> enable ‘test’
0 row(s) in 2.2910 seconds

hbase(main):004:0> is_enabled ‘test’
true
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds

删除fam1这个columnfamily：

hbase(main):007:0> alter’test’,{NAME=>‘fam1’,METHOD=>‘delete’}
Updating all regions with the new schema…
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.1980 seconds

hbase(main):008:0> desc ‘test’
Table test is ENABLED
test
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘fam2’, BLOOMFILTER => ‘ROW’,VERSIONS => ‘1’, IN_MEMORY => ‘false’, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => ‘FALSE’,DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’, TTL => ‘FOREVER’, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE’, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0’,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536’, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0’}
1 row(s) in 0.0350 seconds

清空表数据：

hbase(main):009:0> truncate ‘test’
Truncating ‘test’ table (it may take awhile):
-Disabling table…
-Truncating table…
0 row(s) in 3.6540 seconds

hbase(main):010:0> scan ‘test’
ROW COLUMN+CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0460 seconds

删除表（必须先disable表才能drop表）:

hbase(main):011:0> disable ‘test’
0 row(s) in 2.2680 seconds

hbase(main):012:0> drop ‘test’
0 row(s) in 1.2680 seconds

hbase(main):014:0> list ‘test’
TABLE
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

=> []