Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis+easyUI整合优化篇（四）单元测试实例

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-19 00:08:53 发布

zhanglingli_zll

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-19 00:08:53 发布

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日常啰嗦

前一篇文章《Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis+easyUI整合优化篇（三）代码测试》讲了不为和不能两个状态，针对不为，只能自己调整心态了，而对于不能，本文会结合一些实例进行讲解，应该可以使得你掌握单元测试的方法。篇幅所限，所以先写三个类型的测试实例,首先是自己平时写着玩儿的测试类，然后分别是针对数据层和业务层的测试，代码都已经上传到github上了。
我的github地址

简单的测试

我们可能常常会碰到这种事情，需要实现一个功能的时候，忽然想不起来该用什么方法了，或者忽然忘记一个方法该怎么用了，这个时候我可能会查一下API然后写一个简单的测试方法，并没有明确的要去测试什么功能，只是简单的验证一个函数的用法，或者自己实在不确定一个方法该怎么用了，用这种方式加深一下印象。

     // 得到MD5加密的内容
    @Test
    public void md5Test() {
        System.out.println(MD5Util.MD5Encode("ssm-maven-secret", "UTF-8"));
     //83d8d99f45f62461cc7b7ee76b448cb0
    }
 </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">// 通过substring()获取文件名</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">subStringTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//通过substring()获取文件名</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">String</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> url </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"https://s.doubanio.com/f/shire/5522dd1f5b742d1e1394a17f44d590646b63871d/pics/book-default-medium.gif"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    url </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> url</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">substring</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">url</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">lastIndexOf</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"/"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">1</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">System</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);">out</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">println</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">url</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//book-default-medium.gif</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span></code><div class="hljs-button" data-title="复制"></div></pre>

这个只是自己的个人习惯，记忆力有时候真的差。

数据层单元测试

针对书籍模块的测试类，讲解在代码中：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //指定测试用例的运行器 这里是指定了Junit4
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")//装配Spring
public class BookDaoTest {
    //自动注入，需要将BookDao纳入到Spring容器的管理下，不然会报错
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">getBookByIdTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Book</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> book1 </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> bookDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getBookById</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"1"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertEquals</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">book1</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//判断两个参数是否相同，返回true的话则测试通过，不然控制台会亮红灯。</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Book</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> book2 </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> bookDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getBookById</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"1002"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertEquals</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">book2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getTitle</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(),</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"材料成型概论"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">// Assert.assertEquals(book2.getTitle(), "我随便写一个");</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//写了三个断言，可以分别进行测试，也可以根据上面三个断言自己编写测试。</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

}

针对书籍模块的测试类，讲解也都在代码中：


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //指定测试用例的运行器 这里是指定了Junit4
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")

@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = “transactionManager”, defaultRollback = true)
//默认回滚,即此类中的方法即使执行成功,数据也并不会真正的修改,方法执行后会回滚。
//因为对数据库的增删改都会回滚,因此便于测试用例的循环利用
//前面书籍模块的测试由于只有查询方法所以没有加这个注解。
//如果想看到数据库中的数据随着测试而发生变化可以去掉这个注解。
public class UserDaoTest {
@Autowired
//自动注入，需要将BookDao纳入到Spring容器的管理下
private UserDao userDao;

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">loginTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> user </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setUserName</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"admin"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setPassword</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"123456"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//断言此姓名和密码的用户为空</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//密码并没有加密，所以登录失败，返回的用户对象为空。</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertEquals</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">login</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> user2 </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setUserName</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"admin"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setPassword</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">MD5Util</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">MD5Encode</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"123456"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"UTF-8"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">));</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//断言此姓名和密码的用户可以登录成功,且用户id为2</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">login</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">).</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getId</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">()</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">==</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//执行下面这个断言则会报错。</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//Assert.assertTrue(userDao.login(user2).getId() == 3);</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">findUsersTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//断言此时返回的用户列表数大于0</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">findUsers</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">).</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">size</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">()</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//断言此时返回的用户列表数等于3,数字你可以随便写，用户数可能是错的,如果报错你会看到控制台一片红色</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">findUsers</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">).</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">size</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">()</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">==</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">3</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">getTotalUserTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getTotalUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">getTotalUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">null</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">==</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">3</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

//使用update、insert、delete方法时，会得到一个返回值，这个返回值说明了执行一条sql语句后，表中有多少条记录被影响了。
//比如用update修改一条记录，如果修改成功了，返回值为1，返回0则是修改失败。

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">updateUserTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> user </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setId</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">51</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setPassword</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"1221"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//大于0的意思是成功修改了一条记录,即修改成功,如果updateUser()方法返回值等于0,即修改失败</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">updateUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> user2 </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setId</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">1000</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setPassword</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"234y9823y89hhao"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">updateUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">user2</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">addUserTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> user </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">User</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setUserName</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"测试用户"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setPassword</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">MD5Util</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">MD5Encode</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"testuser"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"UTF-8"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">));</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//大于0的意思是影响了数据库中的一条记录,即添加成功</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">addUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">user</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">deleteUserTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Assert</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">assertTrue</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">userDao</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">deleteUser</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">51</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">&gt;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

}

大家可以将代码pull到本地进行测试，并根据上面几个方法写一下自己的测试用例。

service的单元测试

其实service层的单元测试和dao层并没有太多区别，唯一的不同可能就是service层方法中可以执行多条sql语句，而dao层的方法只能执行一条sql语句，因此这个例子更侧重于讲一下事务问题。

配置文件：

    <!-- 配置事务通知属性 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!-- 定义事务传播属性 -->
        <tx:attributes>
        <!--事务切面中insert开头的方法会被纳入事务管理中-->
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="upd*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
        ......
    </tx:advice>
</span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">&lt;!-- 配置事务切面 --&gt;</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">aop:config</span>&gt;</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">aop:pointcut</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"> </span></span><span class="atn" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-attr">id</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-tag">=</span></span><span class="atv" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-string">"serviceOperation"</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-tag">
                  </span></span><span class="atn" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-attr">expression</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-tag">=</span></span><span class="atv" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-string">"(execution(* com.ssm.maven.core.service.*.*(..)))"</span></span></span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">/&gt;</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">aop:advisor</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"> </span></span><span class="atn" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-attr">advice-ref</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-tag">=</span></span><span class="atv" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-string">"txAdvice"</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"> </span></span><span class="atn" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-attr">pointcut-ref</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-tag">=</span></span><span class="atv" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-tag"><span class="hljs-string">"serviceOperation"</span></span></span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">/&gt;</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="tag" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">aop:config</span>&gt;</span></span></code><div class="hljs-button" data-title="复制"></div></pre>

业务方法：

//通过Spring的配置文件，此方法已经纳入到其事务管理下
//发生异常时会触发事务回滚，数据不会被更改
public int insertStore(Store store) {
        int level = Integer.valueOf(store.getLevel());
        for (int i = 1; i < level; i++) {
            store.setLevel(i + "");
            storeDao.insertStore(store);
        }
        store.setLevel(level + "");
        int result = storeDao.insertStore(store);
        int i = 10 / 0;
        //发生异常,操作回滚.
        //可以试着将上面一条语句注释掉再运行测试用例，看看有什么区别。
        return result;
    }

测试用例：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //指定测试用例的运行器 这里是指定了Junit4
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
//@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)
//不添加此设置,测试service层的事务管理
//service层与dao层的测试时相同的,不同之处,在于service层多数都会在配置文件中配置spring的事务管理
public class StoreServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private StoreService storeService;
</span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">void</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">insertStoreTest</span></span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"><span class="hljs-function"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">{</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Store</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> store </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">new</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color:rgb(102,0,102);">Store</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">();</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    store</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setLevel</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"5"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    store</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">setNumber</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color:rgb(0,136,0);"><span class="hljs-string">"TEST"</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    storeService</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">insertStore</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">store</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">);</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="kwd" style="color:rgb(0,0,136);"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> i </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">10</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">/</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color:rgb(0,102,102);"><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">;</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
    </span><span class="com" style="color:rgb(136,0,0);"><span class="hljs-comment">//这里发生异常是不会回滚的,因为此方法并没有被纳入事务管理中</span></span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">
</span><span class="pun" style="color:rgb(102,102,0);">}</span><span class="pln" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);">

}

这个例子可能有些简单，一般业务层方法都会较为复杂，如下：

function(){
-A-

SQL1

-B-

SQL2

-C-

SQL3

-D-
}

那么执行此方法时，无论在A处、B处、C处、D处发生异常，都会触发事务回滚，关于Spring的事务管理及事务传播属性，想了解的可以自己去查询一下。

总结

本篇主要讲了数据层和业务层的测试，下一篇主要会讲一下controller控制层的测试，睡觉啦...

作者：涵s
链接：http://www.imooc.com/article/17673
来源：慕课网
本文原创发布于慕课网，转载请注明出处，谢谢合作！

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