无刷新分页

无刷新,利用客户端的XMLHttpRequest对象发起请求到服务器,服务器响应后发回数据再由客户端进行接收,由于XMLHttpRequest对象发起的请求与响应是异步方式,而不是产生中断,因而其数据处理过程能在页面中呈现出无刷新的效果。
进一步了解XMLHttpRequest对象,包括如下属性:
onreadystatechange:每次状态改变所触发事件的事件处理程序。
responseText:从服务器进程返回数据的字符串形式。
responseXML:从服务器进程返回的DOM兼容的文档数据对象。
status:从服务器返回的数字代码,比如常见的404(未找到)和200(已就绪)
status Text:伴随状态码的字符串信息。
readyState:状态值0、未初始化,对象已建立,但是尚未初始化(尚未调用open方法)
1、初始化,对象已建立,尚未调用send方法
2、发送数据,send方法已调用,但是当前的状态及http头未知
3、数据传送中,已接收部分数据,因为响应及http头不全,这时通过responseBody和responseText获取部分数据会出现错误
4、完成,数据接收完毕,此时可以通过通过responseXml和responseText获取完整的响应数据

先看一个简单的URL请求:

//创建XMLHttpRequest,不同浏览器调用的创建方法不一样
function XmlHttpRequest(){
    var requestObj = null;
    if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
        requestObj = new XMLHttpRequest();
    }else{
        try{
            requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.4.0');
        }catch(e){
            try{
                requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0');
            }catch(e){
                try{
                    requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.2.6');
                }catch(e){
                    try{
                        requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP');
                    }catch(e){
                        try{
                            requestObj = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
                        }catch(e){}
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if(requestObj == null){
        alert('The browser does not surport XMLHTTP.');
    }

    return requestObj;
}

//发起POST请求并接收响应数据
function GetData(){
    var xmlhttp = XmlHttpRequest();
    if(!xmlhttp){
        alert('创建xmlhttp对象异常!');
        return;
    }

    var url = 'AjaxHandler/ProcPager.aspx';
    xmlhttp.open('POST', url, false);
    xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function(){  
        if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4){
            document.getElementById('divPager').innerHTML = '数据加载中,请稍候...';
            if(xmlhttp.status == 200){
                document.getElementById('divPager').innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;
            }
        }
    }

    xmlhttp.send();
}

看看C#的分页,C#中用于分页的承载控件有很多,DataList、GridView、Repeater等。DataList、GridView天然支持分页,Repeater只能承载数据,没有分页功能,但利用PagedDataSource对象可让其实现分页功能。
对于分页方式,可以通过Sql每次读取指定条数的记录,或者读取出所有记录,在内存中进行分页,下面是两种分页方式的实现: 

//分页存储过程
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[PROC_PAGER] 
    @TABLE_NAME  VARCHAR(2048),    --表名或视图表 
    @COLUMNS VARCHAR(1024),    --欲选择字段列表
    @WHERE VARCHAR(2000),    --查询条件
    @ORDER_BY VARCHAR(1000),    --排序表达式
    @PAGE_INDEX INT,        --页号,从1开始
    @PAGE_SIZE INT,        --页尺寸
    @RECORD_COUNT INT OUTPUT
AS 
BEGIN
    IF @COLUMNS IS NULL OR LTRIM(RTRIM(@COLUMNS)) = ''
    BEGIN
        SET @COLUMNS = '*'
    END
    
    DECLARE @SQL_RECORD NVARCHAR(2000)
    SET @SQL_RECORD = 'SELECT @RECORD_COUNT = COUNT(0) FROM [' + @TABLE_NAME + '] WHERE 1 = 1 ' + @WHERE
    EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @SQL_RECORD, N'@RECORD_COUNT INT OUTPUT', @RECORD_COUNT OUTPUT

    SET @ORDER_BY = ' ORDER BY ' + @ORDER_BY
    IF @PAGE_INDEX < 1
    BEGIN
        SET @PAGE_INDEX = 1
    END

    IF @PAGE_SIZE < 1
    BEGIN
        SET @PAGE_SIZE = 10
    END

    DECLARE @SQL_TEXT VARCHAR(MAX)
    SET @SQL_TEXT = 'SELECT ' + @COLUMNS +', ROWNUMBER 
    FROM (
        SELECT ' + @COLUMNS + ', ROW_NUMBER() OVER(' + @ORDER_BY + ') AS ROWNUMBER 
        FROM [' + @TABLE_NAME + '] 
        WHERE 1 = 1 ' + @WHERE + '
    ) AS T 
    WHERE ROWNUMBER BETWEEN ' + STR(((@PAGE_INDEX - 1)* @PAGE_SIZE+1)) + ' AND ' + STR(@PAGE_INDEX * @PAGE_SIZE)

    SET NOCOUNT ON
    EXECUTE(@SQL_TEXT)
    SET NOCOUNT OFF
 
    RETURN @@RowCount
END

/// <summary>
/// DataTable分页
/// </summary>
public static DataTable DataTablePager(DataTable dt, int pageSize, int currentPage)
{
    DataTable dtRet = dt.Clone();
    int records = dt.Rows.Count;
    int start = pageSize * (currentPage - 1);
    int end = pageSize * currentPage;
    if (end > records)
    {
    end = records;
    }

    DataRowCollection drc = dt.Rows;
    for (int i = start; i < end; i++)
    {
    dtRet.ImportRow(drc[i]);
    }

    return dtRet;
}

了解原理后,可以就分页功能进行实施,思路如下:
1、Web页中定义分页数据的承载区域,用于显示分页输出。
2、建立专用ASPX页,只输出分页内容及导航。
3、建立JS分页对象,用于发起Ajax请求(请求地址为专用的分页ASPX页面),将获取到的内容加载到承载区域进行呈现。

看看具体的实现,为Repeater实现分页功能,我们自己实现一个分页的自定义控件,主要功能就是根据总页数、当前页、每页大小计算出分页导航并输出,同时将PagedDataSource与页面中的Repeater进行绑定,再利用Ajax进行无刷新分页,原理简单,计算稍微麻烦,不多做解释,自己看代码: 

/// <summary>
/// Repeater分页控件
/// </summary>
[ToolboxData("<{0}:FMPager runat=\"server\" />")]
public class FMPager : WebControl, INamingContainer
{
    protected static readonly string navigateClassFmt = "<div class=\"pageClass\">{0}</div>";
    protected static readonly string navigatePageTotalFmt = "<div class=\"pagetotal\">总记录:<strong>{0}</strong>   页码:<span>{1}</span>/{2}</div>";
    protected static readonly string navigateAjaxlinkFmt = "<li><a href=\"javascript:;\" οnclick=\"{0}('{1}');\" class=\"{3}\">{2}</a></li>";
    protected static readonly string navigateDisableLinkFmt = "<li><a href=\"#\">{0}</a></li>";
    protected static readonly string navigateGotoFmt = "<div class=\"fr\">转到第 <input type=\"text\" style=\"width: 40px;\" value=\"{1}\" οnblur=\"{0}(this.value);\"> 页</div>";
    private PagedDataSource pagedDataSource = null;

    public FMPager()
    {
        pagedDataSource = new PagedDataSource();
    }

    public override void DataBind()
    {
        base.DataBind();
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(repeaterId))
        {
            return;
        }

        Control repeater = FindRepeater(Page);
        if (repeater == null || !(repeater is Repeater))
        {
            return;
        }

        ChildControlsCreated = false;

        Repeater finalRepeater = repeater as Repeater;
        pagedDataSource.CurrentPageIndex = currentPageIndex;
        pagedDataSource.PageSize = pageSize;
        pagedDataSource.VirtualCount = recordCount;
        pagedDataSource.DataSource = DataSource;
        finalRepeater.DataSource = pagedDataSource;
        finalRepeater.DataBind();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 把数据内容传递到客户端
    /// </summary>
    protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter output)
    {
        if (Site != null && Site.DesignMode)
        {
            CreateChildControls();
        }

        output.Write(OutputNavigate());
        base.Render(output);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 输出导航
    /// </summary>
    protected virtual string OutputNavigate()
    {
        //总页码数
        int pageCount = recordCount / pageSize;
        if (recordCount % pageSize != 0)
        {
            pageCount += 1;
        }

        if (currentPageIndex > pageCount)
        {
            currentPageIndex = pageCount;
        }

        StringBuilder sbNavigate = new StringBuilder();

        //输出跳转到
        sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateGotoFmt, pagerJs, currentPageIndex);

        //获取第一页、上一页
        sbNavigate.Append("<ul>");
        if (currentPageIndex > 1 && pageCount > 1)
        {
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateAjaxlinkFmt, pagerJs, 1, "第一页", "");
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateAjaxlinkFmt, pagerJs, currentPageIndex - 1, "上一页", "");
        }
        else
        {
            sbNavigate.Append(string.Format(navigateDisableLinkFmt, "第一页"));
            sbNavigate.Append(string.Format(navigateDisableLinkFmt, "上一页"));
        }

        //获取数字页
        int navigateCount = 10;   //每10页进行导航
        int navigateTotal = pageCount / navigateCount;  //总计能生成多少个数字导航
        int pageInNavigate = ((currentPageIndex - 1) / navigateCount) + 1; //当前在第几个数字导航中

        //计算数字导航开始页序及结束页序
        int startIndex = (pageInNavigate - 1) * navigateCount + 1;     //数字导航开始页序
        int endIndex = startIndex + navigateCount - 1;   //数字导航结束页序
        if (endIndex > pageCount)
        {
            endIndex = pageCount;
        }

        string currentPageClass = "";
        for (int i = startIndex; i <= endIndex; i++)
        {
            currentPageClass = "";
            if (i == currentPageIndex)
            {
                currentPageClass = "pageactive";
            }

            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateAjaxlinkFmt, pagerJs, i, i, currentPageClass);
        }

        //获取下一页、最后页
        if (currentPageIndex != pageCount && pageCount > 1)
        {
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateAjaxlinkFmt, pagerJs, currentPageIndex + 1, "下一页", "");
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateAjaxlinkFmt, pagerJs, pageCount, "最后页", "");
        }
        else
        {
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateDisableLinkFmt, "下一页");
            sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigateDisableLinkFmt, "最后页");
        }

        sbNavigate.Append("</ul>");

        //输出总页数、当前页
        sbNavigate.AppendFormat(navigatePageTotalFmt, recordCount, currentPageIndex, pageCount);

        return string.Format(navigateClassFmt, sbNavigate.ToString());
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 查找输出Repeater
    /// </summary>
    private Control FindRepeater(Control ctrl)
    {
        Control retCtrl = ctrl.FindControl(repeaterId);
        if (retCtrl != null)
        {
            return retCtrl;
        }

        foreach (Control childCtrl in Page.Controls)
        {
            retCtrl = childCtrl.FindControl(repeaterId);
            if (retCtrl != null)
            {
                return retCtrl;
            }

            FindRepeater(retCtrl);
        }

        return null;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 绑定数据源
    /// </summary>
    public IEnumerable DataSource
    {
        get;
        set;
    }

    [Description("当前页")]
    public int CurrentPageIndex
    {
        get
        {
            currentPageIndex = HTMLHelper.QueryStringInt("p");
            if (currentPageIndex <= 0)
            {
                currentPageIndex = 1;
            }

            return currentPageIndex;
        }
        set
        {
            currentPageIndex = value;
        }
    }
    private int currentPageIndex = 0;

    [Description("分页控件ID")]
    public string RepeaterId
    {
        get
        {
            return repeaterId;
        }
        set
        {
            repeaterId = value;
        }
    }
    private string repeaterId = "";

    [Description("每页显示记录数")]
    public int PageSize
    {
        get
        {
            return pageSize;
        }
        set
        {
            pageSize = value;
        }
    }
    private int pageSize = 20;

    [Description("总记录数")]
    public int RecordCount
    {
        get
        {
            return recordCount;
        }
        set
        {
            recordCount = value;
        }
    }
    private int recordCount = 0;

    [Description("JS分页函数")]
    public string PagerJs
    {
        get
        {
            return pagerJs;
        }
        set
        {
            pagerJs = value;
        }
    }
    private string pagerJs = "pagerObj.Page";
}

定义一个输出控件,继承自FMPager,用于输出具体的分页的内容:

/// <summary>
/// 存储过程分页
/// </summary>
public class ProcPager : FMPager
{
    protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnLoad(e);
        FM.Business.ProcPager inf = new Business.ProcPager();
        int recordCount = 0;
        DataSet ds = inf.GetProcList("TEST", "ID, NAME, VAL", "", "ID", this.CurrentPageIndex, this.PageSize, ref recordCount);
        this.RecordCount = recordCount;
        this.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
        base.DataBind();
    }
}

在专用ASPX页中调用,全部内容如下,没有HTML开始结束标识,只有输出内容:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="ProcPager.aspx.cs" Inherits="AjaxHandler_ProcPager" %>
<asp:Repeater ID="rpList" runat="server">
    <HeaderTemplate>
        <table class="tb1" cellspacing="2">
            <tr class="tr_bg">
                <td style="width: 80%;">名称</td>
                <td>值</td>
            </tr>
    </HeaderTemplate>
    <ItemTemplate>
        <tr class="tr_bg2">
            <td><%# Eval("NAME") %></td>
            <td><%# Eval("VAL") %></td>
        </tr>
    </ItemTemplate>
    <FooterTemplate>
        </table>
    </FooterTemplate>
</asp:Repeater>
<ctrl:ProcPager ID="pagerTest" RepeaterId="rpList" PageSize="2" runat="server" />

最后是JS分页函数:

/*
JS分页对象
参数:
containerId:载体的容器ID
url:分页数据地址
callbackFn:分页数据加载完成后的回调函数
*/
function PagerObj(containerId, url, callbackFn){
    var obj = new Object;
    obj.Page = page;

    function page(currentIndex){
        var finalUrl = url;
        if(finalUrl.indexOf('?') == -1){
            finalUrl += '?';
        }
        
        finalUrl += '&p=' + currentIndex;
        finalUrl += '&clearBuffer=' + RandomKey();  //消除浏览器缓存
        var xmlhttp = XmlHttpRequest();
        if(!xmlhttp){
            alert('创建xmlhttp对象异常!');
            return;
        }

        xmlhttp.open('POST', finalUrl, false);
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function(){  
            if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4){
                document.getElementById(containerId).innerHTML = '数据加载中,请稍候...';
                if(xmlhttp.status == 200){
                    document.getElementById(containerId).innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;
                    if(callbackFn != null){
                        callbackFn();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        xmlhttp.send();
    }

    return obj;
}

Web页面的输出:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Test.aspx.cs" Inherits="Test" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div id="divPager" style="float: left; width: 100%;">分页数据的承载区域</div>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
var pagerObj = null;

window.onload = function(){
    LoadInfo();
}

function LoadInfo(){
    var url = 'AjaxHandler/ProcPager.aspx';
    pagerObj = new PagerObj('divPager', url, LoadInfoCallback);
    pagerObj.Page(1);
}

function LoadInfoCallback(){
//    alert('测试用回调函数');
}

//创建XMLHttpRequest,不同浏览器调用的创建方法不一样
function XmlHttpRequest(){
    var requestObj = null;
    if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
        requestObj = new XMLHttpRequest();
    }else{
        try{
            requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.4.0');
        }catch(e){
            try{
                requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0');
            }catch(e){
                try{
                    requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP.2.6');
                }catch(e){
                    try{
                        requestObj = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP');
                    }catch(e){
                        try{
                            requestObj = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
                        }catch(e){}
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if(requestObj == null){
        alert('The browser does not surport XMLHTTP.');
    }

    return requestObj;
}

function PagerObj(containerId, url, callbackFn){
    var obj = new Object;
    obj.Page = page;

    function page(currentIndex){
        var finalUrl = url;
        if(finalUrl.indexOf('?') == -1){
            finalUrl += '?';
        }
        
        finalUrl += '&p=' + currentIndex;
        finalUrl += '&clearBuffer=' + RandomKey();  //消除浏览器缓存
        var xmlhttp = XmlHttpRequest();
        if(!xmlhttp){
            alert('创建xmlhttp对象异常!');
            return;
        }

        xmlhttp.open('POST', finalUrl, false);
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function(){  
            if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4){
                document.getElementById(containerId).innerHTML = '数据加载中,请稍候...';
                if(xmlhttp.status == 200){
                    document.getElementById(containerId).innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;
                    if(callbackFn != null){
                        callbackFn();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        xmlhttp.send();
    }

    return obj;
}

//生成随机数,用于消除页面缓存
function RandomKey(){
    var hex = new Array('0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8', '9','a','b','c','d','e','f');
    var t = '';
    for(var i = 0; i<32; i++){
        t += hex[Math.floor(Math.random() * 16)];
    }

    return t.toUpperCase();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

整个功能实施完毕,最后推荐使用jQuery,它封装了Ajax相关方法,我们不再需要自己实现XmlHttpRequest对象,只需利用jQuery进行异步请求即可,下面是利用jQuery实现的JS分页对象:

function PagerObj(op){
    var obj = new Object;
    obj.Page = page;

    var settings = $.extend({
        containerId: 'divPager',    //容器编号
        url: '', //分页请求URL地址
        extendParams: '', //URL地址扩展参数
        callbackFn: null  //加载完毕后的回调函数
    }, op);

    function page(currentIndex){
        var finalUrl = settings.url;
        if(finalUrl.indexOf('?') == -1){
            finalUrl += '?';
        }
        
        finalUrl += '&p=' + currentIndex;
        finalUrl += '&clearBuffer=' + RandomKey();  //消除浏览器缓存
        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: finalUrl,
            data: settings.extendParams,
            success: function(html){ 
                pageCallback(html);
            } 
        }); 
    }

    function pageCallback(html){
        $('#' + settings.containerId).html(html);
        if(settings.callbackFn != null){
            settings.callbackFn();
        }
    }

    return obj;
}

调用方法:

function LoadInfo(){
    var url = 'AjaxHandler/ProcPager.aspx';
    pagerObj = new PagerObj({
        url: url,
        callbackFn: LoadInfoCallback
    });
    pagerObj.Page(1);
}

顺带一提,利用上面的JS分页对象可以实现同一页中的多个分页列表:

var pagerObj = null;
var pagerTestObj = null;

$(function(){
    LoadInfo();
    LoadTestInfo();
})

function LoadInfo(){
    var url = 'AjaxHandler/ProcPager.aspx';
    pagerObj = new PagerObj({
        url: url
    });
    pagerObj.Page(1);
}

function LoadTestInfo(){
    var url = 'AjaxHandler/TestPager.aspx';
    pagerTestObj = new PagerObj({
        containerId: 'divTestPager',
        url: url
    });
    pagerTestObj.Page(1);
}

最终效果:



评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值