第十一周阅读程序

阅读程序（1）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Data
{
public:
    Data(int i):x(i){cout<<"A";}
    ~Data(){ cout<<"B";}
private:
    int x;
};
class Base
{
public:
    Base(int i):b1(i){cout<<"C";}
    ~Base(){ cout<<"D";}
private:
    int b1;
};
class Derived:public Base
{
public:
    Derived (int i,int j):Base(i),d1(j){
        cout<<"E";
    }
    ~Derived(){cout<<"F";}
private:
    Data d1;
};
int main()
{
    Derived obj(1,2);
    return 0;
}

学习心得：在类的释放过程中，先释放类，在释放此类中定义的其他类

阅读程序（2）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
    A(){a=0;}
    A (int i){a=i;}
    void print(){cout<<a<<"  ";}
private:
    int a;
};
class B: public A
{
public:
    B(){b=0;}
    B(int i, int j, int k): A(i),aa(j){b=k;}
    //思考：这3处出现的print，有何区别
    void print()      //(1)
    {
        A::print();   //(2)
        aa.print();   //(3)
        cout<<b<<endl;
    }
private:
    int b;
    A aa;
};
int main()
{
    B test[2];
    test[0]=B(1,4,7);
    test[1]=B(2,5,8);
    for(int i=0; i<2; i++)
        test[i].print();
    return 0;
}

学习心得：A（i）是对基类中a进行初始化，而aa（i）则是私有成员aa的初始化，两个存在区别。

阅读程序（4）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
public:
    Base(char i) { cout<<"Base constructor. --"<<i<<endl; }
};
class Derived1:virtual public Base
{
public:
    Derived1(char i,char j):Base(i){
        cout<<"Derived1 constructor. --"<<j<<endl;
    }
};
class Derived2:virtual public Base
{
public:
    Derived2(char i,char j):Base(i){
        cout<<"Derived2 constructor. --"<<j<<endl;
    }
};
class MyDerived: public Derived1,public Derived2
{
public:
    MyDerived(char i,char j,char k,char l,char m,char n,char x):
    Derived2(i,j), Derived1(k,l), Base(m), d(n){
        cout<<"MyDerived constructor. --"<<x<<endl;
    }
private:
    Base d;
};
int main()
{
    MyDerived obj('A','B','C','D','E','F','G');
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

学习心得：刚看到这个结果的时候很吃惊，跟自己想象的完全不一样，我又仔细看了一下，看到virtual才想起老师讲的虚基类，看到结果，这里边的机制应该是先初始化最基类，再按定义顺序分别进行初始化。