Angular 组件之间如何通信？

组件之间的共享可以有好几种方式

父->子 input 方式

import {Component,Input} from 'angular2/core';
@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
        <h2>child {{content}}</h2>
    `
})
class Child {
    @Input() content:string;
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    template: `
        <h1>App</h1>
        <child [content]="i"></child>
    `
})
export class App {

    i:number = 0;

    constructor() {
        setInterval(()=> {
            this.i++;
        }, 1000)
    }

}

子->父 output 方式

import {Output,EventEmitter,Component} from 'angular2/core';

@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
        <h2>child</h2>
    `
})
class Child {
    @Output() updateNumberI:EventEmitter<number> = new EventEmitter();
    i:number = 0;

    constructor() {
        setInterval(()=> {
            this.updateNumberI.emit(++this.i);
        }, 1000)
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    template: `
        <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
        <child (updateNumberI)="numberIChange($event)"></child>
    `
})
export class App {

    i:number = 0;

    numberIChange(i:number){
        this.i = i;
    }

}

子获得父实例

如果不了解forwardRef用处的的可以看 #11
@Host 表示这个Injector必须是host element在这里可以理解为 parent

import {Host,Component,forwardRef} from 'angular2/core';

@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
        <h2>child</h2>
    `
})
class Child {

    constructor(@Host() @Inject(forwardRef(()=> App)) app:App) {
        setInterval(()=> {
            app.i++;
        }, 1000);
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    template: `
        <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
        <child></child>
    `
})
export class App {
    i:number = 0;
}

父获得子实例

子元素指令在父constructor时是获取不到的，所以必须在组件的ngAfterViewInit生命周期钩子后才能获取，如果对组件生命周期不了解的话，可以参考 #56

import {ViewChild,Component} from 'angular2/core';

@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
        <h2>child {{i}}</h2>
    `
})
class Child {
    i:number = 0;
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    template: `
        <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
        <child></child>
    `
})
export class App {

    @ViewChild(Child) child:Child;
    ngAfterViewInit() {
        setInterval(()=> {
            this.child.i++;
        }, 1000)
    }

}

service 方式

import {Component,Injectable} from 'angular2/core';

@Injectable();
class KittencupService {
    i:number = 0;
}

@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
        <h2>child {{service.i}}</h2>
    `
})
class Child {

    constructor(public service:KittencupService){

    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    providers: [KittencupService],
    template: `
        <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
        <child></child>
    `
})
export class App {

    constructor(service:KittencupService) {
        setInterval(()=> {
            service.i++;
        }, 1000)
    }

}

service EventEmitter方式

import {Component,Injectable,EventEmitter} from 'angular2/core';

@Injectable()
class KittencupService {
    change: EventEmitter<number>;

    constructor(){
        this.change = new EventEmitter();
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'child',
    template: `
<h2>child {{i}}</h2>
`
})
class Child {

    public i:number = 0;

    constructor(public service:KittencupService){

        service.change.subscribe((value:number)=>{
            this.i = value;
        })
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'App',
    directives: [Child],
    providers: [KittencupService],
    template: `
<h1>App {{i}}</h1>
<child></child>
`
})
export class App {

    i:number = 0;

    constructor(service:KittencupService) {
        setInterval(()=> {
            service.change.emit(++this.i);
        }, 1000)
    }

}

模板本地引用的方式

1. import { Component } from '@angular/core';
2. import { CountdownTimerComponent } from './countdown-timer.component';
3.  
4. @Component({
5. selector: 'app-countdown-parent-lv',
6. template: `
7. <h3>Countdown to Liftoff (via local variable)</h3>
8. <button (click)="timer.start()">Start</button>
9. <button (click)="timer.stop()">Stop</button>
10. <div class="seconds">{{timer.seconds}}</div>
11. <app-countdown-timer #timer></app-countdown-timer>
12. `,
13. styleUrls: ['../assets/demo.css']
14. })
15. export class CountdownLocalVarParentComponent { }