![timezone](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/fec28a2afc01a8934f9ac3a872840448.jpeg)
In this tutorial, we will show you few examples (ZonedDateTime (Java 8), Date, Calendar and Joda Time) to convert a date and time between different time zones.
All examples will be converting the date and time from
(UTC+8:00) Asia/Singapore - Singapore Time
Date : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
to
(UTC-5:00) America/New_York - Eastern Standard Time
Date : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
For time zone, avoid both
Date
and
Calendar
- If you are using JDK >= 8, use the new
java.time.*
framework. - If you are using JDK < 8, use Joda Time. (The new Java 8
java.time.*
framework is inspired by this library)
1. ZonedDateTime
Always use this new Java 8 java.time.ZonedDateTime
to represent a date and time containing time zone.
package com.mkyong.date;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
public class ZonedDateTimeExample {
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a";
public static void main(String[] args) {
String dateInString = "22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM";
LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.parse(dateInString, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DATE_FORMAT));
ZoneId singaporeZoneId = ZoneId.of("Asia/Singapore");
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + singaporeZoneId);
//LocalDateTime + ZoneId = ZonedDateTime
ZonedDateTime asiaZonedDateTime = ldt.atZone(singaporeZoneId);
System.out.println("Date (Singapore) : " + asiaZonedDateTime);
ZoneId newYokZoneId = ZoneId.of("America/New_York");
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + newYokZoneId);
ZonedDateTime nyDateTime = asiaZonedDateTime.withZoneSameInstant(newYokZoneId);
System.out.println("Date (New York) : " + nyDateTime);
DateTimeFormatter format = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DATE_FORMAT);
System.out.println("\n---DateTimeFormatter---");
System.out.println("Date (Singapore) : " + format.format(asiaZonedDateTime));
System.out.println("Date (New York) : " + format.format(nyDateTime));
}
}
Output
TimeZone : Asia/Singapore
Date (Singapore) : 2015-01-22T10:15:55+08:00[Asia/Singapore]
TimeZone : America/New_York
Date (New York) : 2015-01-21T21:15:55-05:00[America/New_York]
---DateTimeFormatter---
Date (Singapore) : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
Date (New York) : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
Refer to this ZonedDateTime tutorial for more time zone, custom offset and daylight saving time (DST) examples.
2. Date
The
java.util.Date
has no concept of time zone, and only represents the number of seconds passed since the Unix epoch time – 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z. But, if you print the Date object directly, the Date object will be always printed with the default system time zone. Check the
Date.toString()
source code.
2.1 Set a time zone to DateFormat
and format the java.util.Date
SimpleDateFormat sdfAmerica = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a");
sdfAmerica.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/New_York"));
String sDateInAmerica = sdfAmerica.format(date);
2.2 Full example
package com.mkyong.date;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;
public class DateExample {
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a";
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
String dateInString = "22-01-2015 10:15:55 AM";
Date date = formatter.parse(dateInString);
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getDefault();
// From TimeZone Asia/Singapore
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz.getID() + " - " + tz.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz);
System.out.println("Date (Singapore) : " + formatter.format(date));
// To TimeZone America/New_York
SimpleDateFormat sdfAmerica = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
TimeZone tzInAmerica = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/New_York");
sdfAmerica.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
String sDateInAmerica = sdfAmerica.format(date); // Convert to String first
Date dateInAmerica = formatter.parse(sDateInAmerica); // Create a new Date object
System.out.println("\nTimeZone : " + tzInAmerica.getID() + " - " + tzInAmerica.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tzInAmerica);
System.out.println("Date (New York) (String) : " + sDateInAmerica);
System.out.println("Date (New York) (Object) : " + formatter.format(dateInAmerica));
}
}
Output
TimeZone : Asia/Kuala_Lumpur - Malaysia Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="Asia/Kuala_Lumpur",...]
Date (Singapore) : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
TimeZone : America/New_York - Eastern Standard Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="America/New_York",...]
Date (New York) (String) : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
Date (New York) (Object) : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
3. Calendar
3.1 A Calendar example to set a time zone :
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
calendar.setTime(date);
calendar.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
A super common mistake is to get the java.util.Date
directly like this :
//Wrong, it will display 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM, time is still in the system default time zone!
Date dateInAmerican = calendar.getTime());
In the above example, no matter what time zone you set in the Calendar, the Date object will be always printed with the default system time zone. (Check the Date.toString()
source code)
3.2 The correct way should be using the DateFormat
to format it :
SimpleDateFormat sdfAmerica = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a");
TimeZone tzInAmerica = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/New_York");
sdfAmerica.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
sdfAmerica.format(calendar.getTime())
or get the Date via calendar.get()
:
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH); // Jan = 0, dec = 11
int dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR); // 12 hour clock
int hourOfDay = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); // 24 hour clock
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
int ampm = calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM); //0 = AM , 1 = PM
3.3 Full example
package com.mkyong.date;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.TimeZone;
public class CalendarExample {
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a";
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
String dateInString = "22-01-2015 10:15:55 AM";
Date date = formatter.parse(dateInString);
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getDefault();
// From TimeZone Asia/Singapore
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz.getID() + " - " + tz.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz);
System.out.println("Date (Singapore) : " + formatter.format(date));
// To TimeZone America/New_York
SimpleDateFormat sdfAmerica = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
TimeZone tzInAmerica = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/New_York");
sdfAmerica.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
calendar.setTime(date);
calendar.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
System.out.println("\nTimeZone : " + tzInAmerica.getID() + " - " + tzInAmerica.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tzInAmerica);
//Wrong! It will print the date with the system default time zone
System.out.println("Date (New York) (Wrong!): " + calendar.getTime());
//Correct! need formatter
System.out.println("Date (New York) (Correct!) : " + sdfAmerica.format(calendar.getTime()));
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH); // Jan = 0, dec = 11
int dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR); // 12 hour clock
int hourOfDay = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); // 24 hour clock
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
int ampm = calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM); //0 = AM , 1 = PM
//Correct
System.out.println("\nyear \t\t: " + year);
System.out.println("month \t\t: " + month + 1);
System.out.println("dayOfMonth \t: " + dayOfMonth);
System.out.println("hour \t\t: " + hour);
System.out.println("minute \t\t: " + minute);
System.out.println("second \t\t: " + second);
System.out.println("ampm \t\t: " + ampm);
}
}
Output
TimeZone : Asia/Kuala_Lumpur - Malaysia Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="Asia/Kuala_Lumpur",...]
Date (Singapore) : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
TimeZone : America/New_York - Eastern Standard Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="America/New_York",...]]
Date (New York) (Wrong!): Thu Jan 22 10:15:55 MYT 2015
Date (New York) (Correct!) : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
year : 2015
month : 01
dayOfMonth : 21
hour : 9
minute : 15
second : 55
ampm : 1
4. Joda Time
4.1 A Joda Time example to set a time zone :
DateTime dt = new DateTime(date);
DateTimeZone dtZone = DateTimeZone.forID("America/New_York");
DateTime dtus = dt.withZone(dtZone);
Again, a common mistake is getting the Date directly like this, time zone will be lost.
//Output : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
Date dateInAmerica = dtus.toDate();
The correct way is converted to Joda LocalDateTime
first.
//Output : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
Date dateInAmerica = dtus.toLocalDateTime().toDate();
4.2 Full example
package com.mkyong.date;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.joda.time.DateTimeZone;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;
public class JodaTimeExample {
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "dd-M-yyyy hh:mm:ss a";
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
String dateInString = "22-01-2015 10:15:55 AM";
Date date = formatter.parse(dateInString);
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getDefault();
// From TimeZone Asia/Singapore
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz.getID() + " - " + tz.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tz);
System.out.println("Date (Singapore) : " + formatter.format(date));
// To TimeZone America/New_York
SimpleDateFormat sdfAmerica = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
DateTime dt = new DateTime(date);
DateTimeZone dtZone = DateTimeZone.forID("America/New_York");
DateTime dtus = dt.withZone(dtZone);
TimeZone tzInAmerica = dtZone.toTimeZone();
Date dateInAmerica = dtus.toLocalDateTime().toDate(); //Convert to LocalDateTime first
sdfAmerica.setTimeZone(tzInAmerica);
System.out.println("\nTimeZone : " + tzInAmerica.getID() + " - " + tzInAmerica.getDisplayName());
System.out.println("TimeZone : " + tzInAmerica);
System.out.println("DateTimeZone : " + dtZone);
System.out.println("DateTime : " + dtus);
System.out.println("dateInAmerica (Formatter) : " + formatter.format(dateInAmerica));
System.out.println("dateInAmerica (Object) : " + dateInAmerica);
}
}
Output
TimeZone : Asia/Kuala_Lumpur - Malaysia Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="Asia/Kuala_Lumpur",...]
Date (Singapore) : 22-1-2015 10:15:55 AM
TimeZone : America/New_York - Eastern Standard Time
TimeZone : sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="America/New_York",...]
DateTimeZone : America/New_York
DateTime : 2015-01-21T21:15:55.000-05:00
dateInAmerica (Formatter) : 21-1-2015 09:15:55 PM
dateInAmerica (Object) : Wed Jan 21 21:15:55 MYT 2015
http://www.mkyong.com/java/java-convert-date-and-time-between-timezone/
https://www.mkyong.com/java/java-display-list-of-timezone-with-gmt/
http://www.mkyong.com/java8/java-display-all-zoneid-and-its-utc-offset/