LeetCode---(8)String to Integer (atoi)

Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.

Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.

Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (ie, no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.

首先，字符串开始的空白字符要跳过，并且需要记录首字母是‘+’‘-’或者直接就是数字，以此来判断正负数。

其次，对于转换结果，我们知道整型数据的范围是INT_MIN（-2147482648）到INT_MAX（2147483647），超出范围则返回最大与最小值。所以我们可以开始用long long类型的变量存储结果；

class Solution {
public:
    int myAtoi(string str) {
        if(str.size()==0)
            return 0;
        long long res=0;
        int flag=1;
        int i=0;
        while(str[i]==' ')
            i++;
        if(str[i]=='+')
            i++;
        else if(str[i]=='-'){
            flag=-1;
            i++;
        }
        for(int j=i;j<str.size();j++)
        {
            if(str[j]<='9'&&str[j]>='0')
            {    
                res=res*10+(str[j]-'0');
                if(res>INT_MAX)
                    return flag>0?INT_MAX:INT_MIN;
            }
            else
                break;
        }
        return res*flag;
    }
};