SpringBoot文件上传-单文件与多文件上传的使用,以及源码分析

• 页面代码/static/form/form_layouts.html

<form role="form" th:action="@{/upload}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="exampleInputEmail1">邮箱</label>
        <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" placeholder="Enter email">
    </div>
    
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="exampleInputPassword1">名字</label>
        <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">
    </div>
    
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="exampleInputFile">头像</label>
        <input type="file" name="headerImg" id="exampleInputFile">
    </div>
    
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="exampleInputFile">生活照</label>
        <input type="file" name="photos" multiple>
    </div>
    
    <div class="checkbox">
        <label>
            <input type="checkbox"> Check me out
        </label>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
</form>

• 控制层代码

@Slf4j
@Controller
public class FormTestController {

    @GetMapping("/form_layouts")
    public String form_layouts(){
        return "form/form_layouts";
    }

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public String upload(@RequestParam("email") String email,
                         @RequestParam("username") String username,
                         @RequestPart("headerImg") MultipartFile headerImg,
                         @RequestPart("photos") MultipartFile[] photos) throws IOException {

        log.info("上传的信息：email={}，username={}，headerImg={}，photos={}",
                 email,username,headerImg.getSize(),photos.length);

        if(!headerImg.isEmpty()){
            //保存到文件服务器，OSS服务器
            String originalFilename = headerImg.getOriginalFilename();
            headerImg.transferTo(new File("H:\\cache\\"+originalFilename));
        }

        if(photos.length > 0){
            for (MultipartFile photo : photos) {
                if(!photo.isEmpty()){
                    String originalFilename = photo.getOriginalFilename();
                    photo.transferTo(new File("H:\\cache\\"+originalFilename));
                }
            }
        }


        return "main";
    }
}

文件上传相关的配置类：

• org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration
• org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartProperties
  文件大小相关配置项：

spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=10MB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=100MB

文件上传-【源码流程】文件上传参数解析器

文件上传相关的自动配置类MultipartAutoConfiguration有创建文件上传参数解析器StandardServletMultipartResolver。

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, StandardServletMultipartResolver.class, MultipartConfigElement.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.servlet.multipart", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MultipartProperties.class)
public class MultipartAutoConfiguration {

	private final MultipartProperties multipartProperties;

	public MultipartAutoConfiguration(MultipartProperties multipartProperties) {
		this.multipartProperties = multipartProperties;
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean({ MultipartConfigElement.class, CommonsMultipartResolver.class })
	public MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {
		return this.multipartProperties.createMultipartConfig();
	}

	@Bean(name = DispatcherServlet.MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME)
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MultipartResolver.class)
	public StandardServletMultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
        //配置好文件上传解析器
		StandardServletMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new StandardServletMultipartResolver();
		multipartResolver.setResolveLazily(this.multipartProperties.isResolveLazily());
		return multipartResolver;
	}

}

//文件上传解析器
public class StandardServletMultipartResolver implements MultipartResolver {

	private boolean resolveLazily = false;

	public void setResolveLazily(boolean resolveLazily) {
		this.resolveLazily = resolveLazily;
	}


	@Override
	public boolean isMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) {
		return StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(request.getContentType(), "multipart/");
	}

	@Override
	public MultipartHttpServletRequest resolveMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
		return new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(request, this.resolveLazily);
	}

	@Override
	public void cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
		if (!(request instanceof AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) ||
				((AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) request).isResolved()) {
			// To be on the safe side: explicitly delete the parts,
			// but only actual file parts (for Resin compatibility)
			try {
				for (Part part : request.getParts()) {
					if (request.getFile(part.getName()) != null) {
						part.delete();
					}
				}
			}
			catch (Throwable ex) {
				LogFactory.getLog(getClass()).warn("Failed to perform cleanup of multipart items", ex);
			}
		}
	}

}

public class DispatcherServlet extends FrameworkServlet {
    
    @Nullable
	private MultipartResolver multipartResolver;
    
	private void initMultipartResolver(ApplicationContext context) {
		...
        
        //这个就是配置类配置的StandardServletMultipartResolver文件上传解析器
		this.multipartResolver = context.getBean(MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, MultipartResolver.class);
		...
	}
    
	protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;//最后finally的回收flag
		...
		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			Exception dispatchException = null;

			try {
                //做预处理,如果有上传文件 就new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest包装类
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
				multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
				// Determine handler for the current request.
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
				
                ...

				// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

				...

				// Actually invoke the handler.
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                
            }
            ....
            
		finally {

            ...
            
            if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
            }
		}
	}

	protected HttpServletRequest checkMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
		if (this.multipartResolver != null && this.multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
            ...
			return this.multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request);
            ...
		}
    }

	protected void cleanupMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) {
		if (this.multipartResolver != null) {
			MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest =
					WebUtils.getNativeRequest(request, MultipartHttpServletRequest.class);
			if (multipartRequest != null) {
				this.multipartResolver.cleanupMultipart(multipartRequest);
			}
		}
	}
}

mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());跳到以下的类

public class RequestMappingHandlerAdapter extends AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter
		implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean {
	@Override
	protected ModelAndView handleInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {
		ModelAndView mav;
		...
		mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
        ...
		return mav;
	}
    
    @Nullable
	protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

		ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
		try {
			WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
			ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);

			ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
			if (this.argumentResolvers != null) {//关注点
				invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
			}
			...
			invocableMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer);
			...

			return getModelAndView(mavContainer, modelFactory, webRequest);
		}
		finally {
			webRequest.requestCompleted();
		}
	}
    
}

this.argumentResolvers其中主角类RequestPartMethodArgumentResolver用来生成

public class ServletInvocableHandlerMethod extends InvocableHandlerMethod {
    
    ...
	public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
		Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		...
	}
    
	@Nullable
	public Object invokeForRequest(NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

		Object[] args = getMethodArgumentValues(request, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		...
		return doInvoke(args);//反射调用
	}
    
	@Nullable
	protected Object doInvoke(Object... args) throws Exception {
		Method method = getBridgedMethod();
		ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
		return method.invoke(getBean(), args);
		...
	}
    
    //处理得出multipart参数，准备稍后的反射调用（@PostMapping标记的上传方法）
    protected Object[] getMethodArgumentValues(NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

		MethodParameter[] parameters = getMethodParameters();
		...
		Object[] args = new Object[parameters.length];
		for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
			MethodParameter parameter = parameters[i];
			parameter.initParameterNameDiscovery(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);
			args[i] = findProvidedArgument(parameter, providedArgs);
			if (args[i] != null) {
				continue;
			}
            //关注点1
			if (!this.resolvers.supportsParameter(parameter)) {
				throw new IllegalStateException(formatArgumentError(parameter, "No suitable resolver"));
			}
			try {
                //关注点2
				args[i] = this.resolvers.resolveArgument(parameter, mavContainer, request, this.dataBinderFactory);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				...
			}
		}
		return args;
	}
    
}

public class RequestPartMethodArgumentResolver extends AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver {

    //对应上面代码关注点1
    @Override
	public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) {
        //标注@RequestPart的参数
		if (parameter.hasParameterAnnotation(RequestPart.class)) {
			return true;
		}
		else {
			if (parameter.hasParameterAnnotation(RequestParam.class)) {
				return false;
			}
			return MultipartResolutionDelegate.isMultipartArgument(parameter.nestedIfOptional());
		}
	}

    //对应上面代码关注点2
	@Override
	@Nullable
	public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			NativeWebRequest request, @Nullable WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {

		HttpServletRequest servletRequest = request.getNativeRequest(HttpServletRequest.class);
		Assert.state(servletRequest != null, "No HttpServletRequest");

		RequestPart requestPart = parameter.getParameterAnnotation(RequestPart.class);
		boolean isRequired = ((requestPart == null || requestPart.required()) && !parameter.isOptional());

		String name = getPartName(parameter, requestPart);
		parameter = parameter.nestedIfOptional();
		Object arg = null;

        //封装成MultipartFile类型的对象作参数
		Object mpArg = MultipartResolutionDelegate.resolveMultipartArgument(name, parameter, servletRequest);
		if (mpArg != MultipartResolutionDelegate.UNRESOLVABLE) {
			arg = mpArg;
		}
        
        ...

		return adaptArgumentIfNecessary(arg, parameter);
	}
}

public final class MultipartResolutionDelegate {
    ...
    
	@Nullable
	public static Object resolveMultipartArgument(String name, MethodParameter parameter, HttpServletRequest request)
			throws Exception {

		MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest =
				WebUtils.getNativeRequest(request, MultipartHttpServletRequest.class);
		boolean isMultipart = (multipartRequest != null || isMultipartContent(request));

		if (MultipartFile.class == parameter.getNestedParameterType()) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			if (multipartRequest == null) {
				multipartRequest = new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(request);
			}
			return multipartRequest.getFile(name);
		}
		else if (isMultipartFileCollection(parameter)) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			if (multipartRequest == null) {
				multipartRequest = new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(request);
			}
			List<MultipartFile> files = multipartRequest.getFiles(name);
			return (!files.isEmpty() ? files : null);
		}
		else if (isMultipartFileArray(parameter)) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			if (multipartRequest == null) {
				multipartRequest = new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(request);
			}
			List<MultipartFile> files = multipartRequest.getFiles(name);
			return (!files.isEmpty() ? files.toArray(new MultipartFile[0]) : null);
		}
		else if (Part.class == parameter.getNestedParameterType()) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			return request.getPart(name);
		}
		else if (isPartCollection(parameter)) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			List<Part> parts = resolvePartList(request, name);
			return (!parts.isEmpty() ? parts : null);
		}
		else if (isPartArray(parameter)) {
			if (!isMultipart) {
				return null;
			}
			List<Part> parts = resolvePartList(request, name);
			return (!parts.isEmpty() ? parts.toArray(new Part[0]) : null);
		}
		else {
			return UNRESOLVABLE;
		}
	}
    
    ...
    
}