MDC简介
MDC[http://logback.qos.ch/manual/mdc.html]是为每个线程建立一个独立的存储空间,开发人员可以根据需要把信息存入其中。MDC使用Map机制来存储信息,信息以key/value对的形式存储在Map中。
使用Servlet Filter在接收到请求时,生成UUID填充MDC。在log4j的配置中就可以使用%X{key}打印MDC中的内容,从而识别出同一次请求中的log。
以下是一个简单的MDCFilter实现示例,在MDC中填充了UUID、主机IP和主机名。UUID用于标记同一次请求中的log,主机IP和主机名方便异常发生时到相应机器上检查log。
log4j 1.x中MDCFilter实现
MDCFilter
//MDC填充的KEY
public
static
final
String REQUEST_UUID =
"REQUEST_UUID"
;
public
static
final
String HOST_IP =
"HOST_IP"
;
public
static
final
String HOST_NAME =
"HOST_NAME"
;
public
static
final
String APPKEY =
"APPKEY"
;
private
String appkey =
null
;
@Override
public
void
init(FilterConfig filterConfig)
throws
ServletException {
appkey = filterConfig.getInitParameter(
"appkey"
);
//appkey可以在filter init-param中配置
if
(appkey ==
null
) {
appkey =
""
;
}
}
@Override
public
void
doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws
IOException, ServletException {
try
{
insertIntoMDC(request);
//填充MDC
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
finally
{
clearMDC();
//请求结束,注意清除MDC中的内容,否则会造成内存泄露问题
}
}
// 默认实现中填充了UUID,主机IP和主机地址
protected
void
insertIntoMDC(ServletRequest request) {
MDC.put(MDCFilter.REQUEST_UUID, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
MDC.put(MDCFilter.HOST_IP, getHostIP());
MDC.put(MDCFilter.HOST_NAME, getHostName());
MDC.put(MDCFilter.APPKEY, appkey);
}
protected
void
clearMDC() {
MDC.remove(MDCFilter.REQUEST_UUID);
MDC.remove(MDCFilter.HOST_IP);
MDC.remove(MDCFilter.HOST_NAME);
MDC.remove(MDCFilter.APPKEY);
}
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log4j2.0中MDCFilter实现
在log4j 2.0 中,使用ThreadContext代替了MDC和NDC[http://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/thread-context.html]。
log4j 2.x 中,类似MDCFilter的实现:
ThreadContextFilter
public
static
final
String REQUEST_UUID =
"REQUEST_UUID"
;
public
static
final
String HOST_IP =
"HOST_IP"
;
public
static
final
String HOST_NAME =
"HOST_NAME"
;
public
static
final
String APPKEY =
"APPKEY"
;
private
String appkey =
null
;
@Override
public
void
init(FilterConfig filterConfig)
throws
ServletException {
appkey = filterConfig.getInitParameter(
"appkey"
);
//appkey可以在filter init-param中配置
if
(appkey ==
null
) {
appkey =
""
;
}
}
@Override
public
void
doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws
IOException, ServletException {
try
{
insertIntoMDC(request);
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
finally
{
clearMDC();
}
}
protected
void
insertIntoMDC(ServletRequest request) {
ThreadContext.put(ThreadContextFilter.REQUEST_UUID, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
ThreadContext.put(ThreadContextFilter.HOST_IP, getHostIP());
ThreadContext.put(ThreadContextFilter.HOST_NAME, getHostName());
ThreadContext.put(ThreadContextFilter.APPKEY, appkey);
}
protected
void
clearMDC() {
ThreadContext.remove(ThreadContextFilter.REQUEST_UUID);
ThreadContext.remove(ThreadContextFilter.HOST_IP);
ThreadContext.remove(ThreadContextFilter.HOST_NAME);
ThreadContext.remove(ThreadContextFilter.APPKEY);
}
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log4j配置中,使用MDC
在log4j配置中,使用mdc:(log4j 1.x 与 2.x中都可以使用此配置)
log4j配置
%X{REQUEST_UUID} %X{HOST_IP} %X{HOST_NAME} %X{APPKEY}
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