Hibernate主键生成策略之MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator

昨天遇到一个问题：有两个相关联的PO类，一个是用Annotation注释的，一个是用hbm.xml文件映射的。现在主键生成策略是用一张表维护所有的表的主键的。
JPA的Annotation注解如下：

@Id
         @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE,generator="customer_gen")
         @TableGenerator(name = "customer_gen",
                            table="tb_generator",
                            pkColumnName="gen_name",
                            valueColumnName="gen_value",
                            pkColumnValue="CUSTOMER_PK",
                            allocationSize=1
         )

在这里不多说，因为本人不习惯用Annotation，具体请参考如下两个地址：[url]http://zpfadmin.iteye.com/blog/670319[/url] ，[url]http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/core/3.6/reference/en-US/html/mapping.html#mapping-declaration-id-enhanced-optimizers[/url]
正因为不习惯用Annotation，所以非坚持用xml配置文件，但用如native,identity等对数据库移植有不是很全面。
后面发现了hibernate的这个主键生成类：org.hibernate.id.MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator
这个类跟上面的JPA Annotation同等功能，配置如下：

<generator class="org.hibernate.id.MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator" >
				<param name="table">UINRepository</param>
				<param name="primary_key_column">category</param>
				<param name="value_column">counter</param>
				<param name="primary_key_value">intimateList</param>
				<param name="primary_key_length">100</param>
				<param name="max_lo">0</param>
			</generator>

参数说明：

table: table name (default <tt>hibernate_sequences</tt>)
primary_key_column: key column name (default <tt>sequence_name</tt>)
value_column: hi value column name(default <tt>sequence_next_hi_value</tt>)
primary_key_value: key value for the current entity (default to the entity's primary table name)
primary_key_length: length of the key column in DB represented as a varchar (default to 255)
max_lo: max low value before increasing hi (default to Short.MAX_VALUE)

使用这个类的优点就是：
可移植性好，
如果系统一般不重启，而且需要用此表建立大量的主键，可以吧max_lo配置大一点，这样可以减少读取数据表的次数，提高效率；反之，如果服务器经常重启，可以吧max_lo配置小一点，可以避免每次重启主键之间的间隔太大，造成主键值主键不连贯。

注意：
在我测试时抛出了一个异常，在网上找不到相关的信息，最后认真分析了下原代码及错误信息提示，发现可能是hibernate的dialet出错了，异常如下：

2011-03-22 21:22:00,479 [main] ERROR org.hibernate.id.MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator - could not read or init a hi value
com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: Line 1: FOR UPDATE clause allowed only for DECLARE CURSOR.
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException.makeFromDatabaseError(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.getNextResult(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement.doExecutePreparedStatement(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement$PrepStmtExecCmd.doExecute(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.TDSCommand.execute(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerConnection.executeCommand(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeCommand(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeStatement(Unknown Source)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement.executeQuery(Unknown Source)
	at org.hibernate.id.MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator.doWorkInCurrentTransaction(MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator.java:135)
	at org.hibernate.engine.TransactionHelper$1Work.doWork(TransactionHelper.java:38)
	at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.Isolater$JdbcDelegate.delegateWork(Isolater.java:187)
	at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.Isolater.doIsolatedWork(Isolater.java:43)
	at org.hibernate.engine.TransactionHelper.doWorkInNewTransaction(TransactionHelper.java:51)
	at org.hibernate.id.MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator.generate(MultipleHiLoPerTableGenerator.java:189)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:99)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:187)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:33)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:172)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveEventListener.performSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:27)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.onSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:70)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.fireSave(SessionImpl.java:535)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:523)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:519)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:686)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:1)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:406)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:683)
	at com.radicasys.intimate.segment.dao.impl.IntimateListBeanDaoImpl.save(IntimateListBeanDaoImpl.java:46)
	at com.radicasys.intimate.segment.dao.IntimateListBeanDaoTest.save(IntimateListBeanDaoTest.java:95)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:592)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
2011-03-22 21:22:00,482 [main] ERROR org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter - Line 1: FOR UPDATE clause allowed only for DECLARE CURSOR.

因为我用的是MSSQL2005，但测试时用的是MYSQL的dialet，所以抛出如下异常，改过后主没问题了。