一、原理
- jdk动态代理:
- 利用反射机制生成一个实现代理接口的匿名类，在调用具体方法前调用InvokeHandler来处理。
- cglib动态代理:
- 利用asm开源包，对代理对象类的class文件加载进来，通过修改其字节码生成子类来处理。
- 如果目标对象实现了接口，默认情况下会采用JDK的动态代理实现AOP ,可以强制使用CGLIB实现AOP
- 如果目标对象没有实现了接口，必须采用CGLIB实现AOP，spring会自动在JDK动态代理和CGLIB之间转换
- 如何强制使用CGLIB实现AOP？
- 添加CGLIB库，SPRING_HOME/cglib/*.jar
- 在spring配置文件中加入<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
二、JDK动态代理和CGLIB字节码生成的区别？
JDK动态代理
- 只针对实现了接口的类生成代理，是完全面向接口的
CGLIB动态代理
- 针对类实现代理
- 动态生成的代理类，该类继承业务类，并在代理类中对代理方法进行强化处理(前置处理、后置处理等)。
- 因为是继承，所以业务类或方法最好不要声明成final
- CGLIB是高效的代码生成包，底层依靠ASM（开源的java字节码编辑类库）操作字节码实现的
- jdk小于1.8版本，性能比JDK强。1.8版本性能比jdk弱（Spring AOP中的JDK和CGLib动态代理哪个效率更高？_jdk动态代理和cglib动态代理的区别-CSDN博客）
三、代码
3.1、jdk
/**
* JDK动态代理实现InvocationHandler接口
*/
public class JdkProxy implements InvocationHandler {
//需要代理的目标对象
private Object target;
//为目标对象target赋值
public JdkProxy(Object target) {
this.target = target;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("JDK动态代理，监听开始！");
Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
System.out.println("JDK动态代理，监听结束！");
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserImpl userImpl = new UserImpl();
//实例化JDKProxy对象
JdkProxy jdkProxy = new JdkProxy(userImpl);
//JDK动态代理只能针对实现了接口的类进行代理，newProxyInstance 函数所需参数就可看出
UserDao user = (UserDao) Proxy.newProxyInstance(userImpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), userImpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), jdkProxy);
//执行新增方法
user.addUser();
}
}
输出
JDK动态代理，监听开始！
调用了UserImpl的addUser
JDK动态代理，监听结束！3.1.1、 代码分析
Proxy.newProxyInstance
public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h).. {
//......
//获取代理的对象的class对象。 这里使用缓存，如果代理对象字节码存在就直接返回，不存在就创建
Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
//给class 对象构造函数传入InvocationHandler 实例化对象
return newInstance(cons, ih);
//....
}生成字节流的方法：ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(..) （通过native方法生成Class对象）。
查找这个方法的提示
通过上图可以得到ProxyClassFactory是默认就初始化了，接下来继续
测试
/**
* Cglib动态代理，实现MethodInterceptor接口
*/
public class JDK2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//构建代理类名称
String proxyPkg = "com.sun.proxy.userDao";
String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy";
long num = 1234;
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
//被代理的类对象
Class userDaoClass = UserDao.class;
//生成字节码
byte[] classFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(proxyName, new Class[]{userDaoClass});
//打印class文件路径
String paths = userDaoClass.getResource(".").getPath();
System.out.println(paths);
FileOutputStream out = null;
//保留到硬盘中
out = new FileOutputStream(paths + proxyName + ".class");
out.write(classFile);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
生成的字节码文件（只显示重要的）
//继承Proxy ,实现业务接口
public final class userDao$Proxy1234 extends Proxy implements UserDao {
private static Method m3;
//构造方法
public userDao$Proxy1234(InvocationHandler paramInvocationHandler) throws Exception {
super(paramInvocationHandler);
}
//调用InvocationHandler的invoke方法
public final void addUser() throws Error {
try {
this.h.invoke(this, m3, null);
return;
} catch ....
}
static静态块加载每个方法的Method对象
static {
try {
m3 = Class.forName("cn.feizhou.Test.jdk.UserDao").getMethod("addUser", new Class[0]);
return;
} catch ...
}
}3.2、CGLIB
package cn.feizhou.Test.jdk;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.DebuggingClassWriter;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* Cglib动态代理，实现MethodInterceptor接口
*/
public class CglibProxy implements MethodInterceptor {
private Object target;//需要代理的目标对象
//重写拦截方法
@Override
public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] arr, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("Cglib动态代理，监听开始！");
// Object invoke = method.invoke(target, arr);//方法执行，参数：target 目标对象 arr参数数组
Object invoke = proxy.invokeSuper(obj, arr);
System.out.println("Cglib动态代理，监听结束！");
return invoke;
}
public CglibProxy(Object target) {
this.target = target;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserImpl userImpl = new UserImpl();
//该设置用于输出cglib动态代理产生的类
System.setProperty(DebuggingClassWriter.DEBUG_LOCATION_PROPERTY, "H:\\test");
//实例化CglibProxy对象
CglibProxy cglib = new CglibProxy(userImpl);
//定义获取代理对象方法
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
//设置父类,因为Cglib是针对指定的类生成一个子类，所以需要指定父类
enhancer.setSuperclass(userImpl.getClass());
// 设置回调
enhancer.setCallback(cglib);
//创建并返回代理对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) enhancer.create();
//执行add方法
userDao.addUser();
}
}3.2.1、Enhancer
- 代理类对象是由Enhancer类创建的。
- Enhancer是CGLIB的字节码增强器，可以很方便的对类进行拓展
3.2.2、创建代理对象的几个步骤
- 生成代理类的二进制字节码文件
- 加载二进制字节码，生成Class对象( 例如使用Class.forName()方法 )
- 通过反射机制获得实例构造，并创建代理类对象
3.2.3、cglib生成的class文件
package cn.feizhou.Test.jdk;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Signature;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Callback;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Factory;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
public class UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6 extends UserImpl
implements Factory
{
private boolean CGLIB$BOUND;
public static Object CGLIB$FACTORY_DATA;
private static final ThreadLocal CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS;
private static final Callback[] CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS;
private MethodInterceptor CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
private static Object CGLIB$CALLBACK_FILTER;
private static final Method CGLIB$addUser$0$Method;
private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$addUser$0$Proxy;
private static final Object[] CGLIB$emptyArgs;
private static final Method CGLIB$equals$1$Method;
private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$equals$1$Proxy;
private static final Method CGLIB$toString$2$Method;
private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$toString$2$Proxy;
private static final Method CGLIB$hashCode$3$Method;
private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$hashCode$3$Proxy;
private static final Method CGLIB$clone$4$Method;
private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$clone$4$Proxy;
static void CGLIB$STATICHOOK1()
{
CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS = new ThreadLocal();
CGLIB$emptyArgs = new Object[0];
Class localClass1 = Class.forName("cn.feizhou.Test.jdk.UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6");
Class localClass2;
Method[] tmp50_47 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[] { "addUser", "()V" }, (localClass2 = Class.forName("cn.feizhou.Test.jdk.UserImpl")).getDeclaredMethods());
CGLIB$addUser$0$Method = tmp50_47[0];
CGLIB$addUser$0$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(localClass2, localClass1, "()V", "addUser", "CGLIB$addUser$0");
tmp50_47;
Method[] tmp131_128 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[] { "equals", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;", "hashCode", "()I", "clone", "()Ljava/lang/Object;" }, (localClass2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object")).getDeclaredMethods());
CGLIB$equals$1$Method = tmp131_128[0];
CGLIB$equals$1$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(localClass2, localClass1, "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "equals", "CGLIB$equals$1");
Method[] tmp151_131 = tmp131_128;
CGLIB$toString$2$Method = tmp151_131[1];
CGLIB$toString$2$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(localClass2, localClass1, "()Ljava/lang/String;", "toString", "CGLIB$toString$2");
Method[] tmp171_151 = tmp151_131;
CGLIB$hashCode$3$Method = tmp171_151[2];
CGLIB$hashCode$3$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(localClass2, localClass1, "()I", "hashCode", "CGLIB$hashCode$3");
Method[] tmp191_171 = tmp171_151;
CGLIB$clone$4$Method = tmp191_171[3];
CGLIB$clone$4$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(localClass2, localClass1, "()Ljava/lang/Object;", "clone", "CGLIB$clone$4");
tmp191_171;
}
final void CGLIB$addUser$0()
{
super.addUser();
}
public final void addUser()
{
MethodInterceptor tmp4_1 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp4_1 == null)
{
tmp4_1;
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 != null)
return;
super.addUser();
}
final boolean CGLIB$equals$1(Object paramObject)
{
return super.equals(paramObject);
}
public final boolean equals(Object paramObject)
{
MethodInterceptor tmp4_1 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp4_1 == null)
{
tmp4_1;
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
MethodInterceptor tmp17_14 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp17_14 != null)
{
Object tmp41_36 = tmp17_14.intercept(this, CGLIB$equals$1$Method, new Object[] { paramObject }, CGLIB$equals$1$Proxy);
tmp41_36;
return tmp41_36 == null ? false : ((Boolean)tmp41_36).booleanValue();
}
return super.equals(paramObject);
}
final String CGLIB$toString$2()
{
return super.toString();
}
public final String toString()
{
MethodInterceptor tmp4_1 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp4_1 == null)
{
tmp4_1;
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
MethodInterceptor tmp17_14 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp17_14 != null)
return (String)tmp17_14.intercept(this, CGLIB$toString$2$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$toString$2$Proxy);
return super.toString();
}
final int CGLIB$hashCode$3()
{
return super.hashCode();
}
public final int hashCode()
{
MethodInterceptor tmp4_1 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp4_1 == null)
{
tmp4_1;
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
MethodInterceptor tmp17_14 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp17_14 != null)
{
Object tmp36_31 = tmp17_14.intercept(this, CGLIB$hashCode$3$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$hashCode$3$Proxy);
tmp36_31;
return tmp36_31 == null ? 0 : ((Number)tmp36_31).intValue();
}
return super.hashCode();
}
final Object CGLIB$clone$4()
throws CloneNotSupportedException
{
return super.clone();
}
protected final Object clone()
throws CloneNotSupportedException
{
MethodInterceptor tmp4_1 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp4_1 == null)
{
tmp4_1;
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
MethodInterceptor tmp17_14 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
if (tmp17_14 != null)
return tmp17_14.intercept(this, CGLIB$clone$4$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$clone$4$Proxy);
return super.clone();
}
public static MethodProxy CGLIB$findMethodProxy(Signature paramSignature)
{
String tmp4_1 = paramSignature.toString();
switch (tmp4_1.hashCode())
{
case -508378822:
if (tmp4_1.equals("clone()Ljava/lang/Object;"))
return CGLIB$clone$4$Proxy;
break;
case 1761046505:
case 1826985398:
case 1913648695:
case 1984935277:
}
}
public UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6()
{
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
}
public static void CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(Callback[] paramArrayOfCallback)
{
CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.set(paramArrayOfCallback);
}
public static void CGLIB$SET_STATIC_CALLBACKS(Callback[] paramArrayOfCallback)
{
CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS = paramArrayOfCallback;
}
private static final void CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(Object paramObject)
{
// Byte code:
// 0: aload_0
// 1: checkcast 2 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6
// 4: astore_1
// 5: aload_1
// 6: getfield 187 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6:CGLIB$BOUND Z
// 9: ifne +43 -> 52
// 12: aload_1
// 13: iconst_1
// 14: putfield 187 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6:CGLIB$BOUND Z
// 17: getstatic 27 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6:CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS Ljava/lang/ThreadLocal;
// 20: invokevirtual 190 java/lang/ThreadLocal:get ()Ljava/lang/Object;
// 23: dup
// 24: ifnonnull +15 -> 39
// 27: pop
// 28: getstatic 185 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6:CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS [Lorg/springframework/cglib/proxy/Callback;
// 31: dup
// 32: ifnonnull +7 -> 39
// 35: pop
// 36: goto +16 -> 52
// 39: checkcast 191 [Lorg/springframework/cglib/proxy/Callback;
// 42: aload_1
// 43: swap
// 44: iconst_0
// 45: aaload
// 46: checkcast 51 org/springframework/cglib/proxy/MethodInterceptor
// 49: putfield 39 cn/feizhou/Test/jdk/UserImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$70e327a6:CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 Lorg/springframework/cglib/proxy/MethodInterceptor;
// 52: return
}
public Object newInstance(Callback[] paramArrayOfCallback)
{
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(paramArrayOfCallback);
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(null);
return new 70e327a6();
}
public Object newInstance(Callback paramCallback)
{
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(new Callback[] { paramCallback });
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(null);
return new 70e327a6();
}
public Object newInstance(Class[] paramArrayOfClass, Object[] paramArrayOfObject, Callback[] paramArrayOfCallback)
{
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(paramArrayOfCallback);
Class[] tmp9_8 = paramArrayOfClass;
switch (tmp9_8.length)
{
case 0:
tmp9_8;
break;
default:
new 70e327a6();
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Constructor not found");
}
CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(null);
}
public Callback getCallback(int paramInt)
{
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
switch (paramInt)
{
case 0:
break;
}
return null;
}
public void setCallback(int paramInt, Callback paramCallback)
{
switch (paramInt)
{
case 0:
this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = ((MethodInterceptor)paramCallback);
break;
}
}
public Callback[] getCallbacks()
{
CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
return new Callback[] { this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 };
}
public void setCallbacks(Callback[] paramArrayOfCallback)
{
this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = ((MethodInterceptor)paramArrayOfCallback[0]);
}
static
{
CGLIB$STATICHOOK1();
}
}3.2.4根据我们业务类的每一个方法都生成了2个代理方法
- 第一个代理方法直接调用父类的方法，也就是我们业务类的方法
- 第二个方法也就是代理类真正调用的方法是经过封装的，他会去判断是否实现了MethodInterceptor 的intercept方法，如果实现了则会调用intercept方法。这个MethodInterceptor 就是我们在enhancer.setCallback(cglib);这边设置进去的。
从我们定义的拦截器的intercept方法中可以看到Object invoke = proxy.invokeSuper(obj, arr);
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