HTTPClient的简易实践

    HTTPClient现在也是Apache下的产品，基于HttpCore，我们可以使用它解决跨域问题。

我们可以在其官方提供的知道文档里参考学习（http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/tutorial/pdf/httpclient-tutorial.pdf）

将官方提供的API进行总结一下，主要步骤如下：

（1）创建一个CloseableHttpClient实例;
（2）找一个可用的链接（uri）;
（3）执行httpclient.execute(uri);
（4）response.close();

官方给出的例子：

CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost/");
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
<...>
} finally {
response.close();
} 

其中，如果放到spring中的话，实例化CloseableHttpClient可以这样：

 @Autowired(required=false)
private CloseableHttpClient httpClient;

然后在spring里建一个xml文件专门用于httpClient

关于URI的创建，官方提供了专门的api：

HttpClient provides URIBuilder utility class to simplify creation and modification of request URIs

URI uri = new URIBuilder()
.setScheme("http")
.setHost("www.google.com")
.setPath("/search")
.setParameter("q", "httpclient")
.setParameter("btnG", "Google Search")
.setParameter("aq", "f")
.setParameter("oq", "")
.build();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(uri);

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); 

有了上面的实例，我们已经可以进行日常的跨域请求了

这里有一个get请求的实例：

public String doGet(String url,Map<String, String> params,String encode) throws Exception {
        if(null != params){
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                builder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
            url = builder.build().toString();
        }
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                if(encode == null){
                    encode = "UTF-8";
                }
                return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), encode);
            }
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }