分布式系统（distributed system）和 集群系统（clustered system）的区别

转自：

1.http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21378427/what-is-the-difference-between-a-distributed-system-and-a-clustered-system

2.https://www.zhihu.com/question/20004877

1.

What is the difference between a car and a sports car? A cluster is a system, usually managed by a single company. Clusters have normally a very low latency and consist of server hardware. A distributed system can be anything. Having JS on the client and PHP-server code which makes up together a system is already called a distributed system by some people.

In general when working with distributed systems you work a lot with long latencies and unexpected failures (like mentioned in p2p systems). When building a cluster (or a big cluster which can be called supercomputer) you try to prevent it by using more robust hardware and better network interconnection (InfiniBand). But never than less a cluster is still a distributed system. (A sports car still has 4 wheels and an engine)

2.

著作权归作者所有。
商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
作者：Wang Xu
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/20004877/answer/13632513
来源：知乎

集群是个物理形态，分布式是个工作方式。

只要是一堆机器，就可以叫集群，他们是不是一起协作着干活，这个谁也不知道；一个程序或系统，只要运行在不同的机器上，就可以叫分布式，嗯，C/S架构也可以叫分布式。

集群一般是物理集中、统一管理的，而分布式系统则不强调这一点。


所以，集群可能运行着一个或多个分布式系统，也可能根本没有运行分布式系统；分布式系统可能运行在一个集群上，也可能运行在不属于一个集群的多台（2台也算多台）机器上。