Android编译，打包、签名详细教程

[color=indigo][size=medium][align=center][b]Android编译，打包、签名详细教程[/b][/align]
Author：Jojol
Data:2010.08.04

[b]1.Android程序编译、打包、签名、发布的三种方式：[/b]
方式一：命令行手动编译打包
方式二：使用ant自动编译打包
方式三：使用eclipse+ADT编译打包

[b]2.Android编译、打包的步骤：[/b]
[i]2.1第一步 生成R.java类文件：[/i]
Eclipse中会自动生成R.java，ant和命令行使用android SDK提供的aapt.ext程序生成R.java。

[i]2.2第二步 将.aidl文件生成.java类文件：[/i]
Eclipse中自动生成，ant和命令行使用android SDK提供的aidl.exe生成.java文件。

[i]2.3第三步 编译.java类文件生成class文件：[/i]
Eclipse中自动生成，ant和命令行使用jdk的javac编译java类文件生成class文件。

[i]2.4第四步 将class文件打包生成classes.dex文件：[/i]
Eclipse中自动生成,ant和命令行使用android SDK提供的dx.bat命令行脚本生成classes.dex文件。

[i]2.5第五步 打包资源文件（包括res、assets、androidmanifest.xml等）：[/i]
Eclipse中自动生成,ant和命令行使用Android SDK提供的aapt.exe生成资源包文件。

[i]2.6第六步 生成未签名的apk安装文件：[/i]
Eclipse中自动生成debug签名文件存放在bin目录中，ant和命令行使用android SDK提供的apkbuilder.bat命令脚本生成未签名的apk安装文件。

[i]2.7第七步 对未签名的apk进行签名生成签名后的android文件：[/i]
Eclipse中使用Android Tools进行签名，ant和命令行使用jdk的jarsigner对未签名的包进行apk签名。

[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/288325/ee45e498-97d2-3d40-87c3-5c4247cb2ff8.png[/img]


[b]3.命令行手动编译打包详解
详见：[url]http://jojol-zhou.iteye.com/blog/729254[/url][/b]

[b]4.ant自动打包android程序详解[/b]
[i]4.1生成R.java类文件：[/i]
<!-- Generate the R.java file for this project's resources. -->
<target name="resource-src" depends="copy">
<echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...</echo>
<exec executable="${aapt}" failοnerrοr="true">
<arg value="package" />
<arg value="-m" />
<arg value="-J" />
<arg value="${outdir-gen}" />
<arg value="-M" />
<arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="${resource-dir}" />
<arg value="-I" />
<arg value="${android-jar}" />
</exec>
</target>

[i]4.2将.aidl文件生成.java类文件：[/i]
<!-- Generate java classes from .aidl files. -->
<target name="aidl" depends="copy">
<echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...</echo>
<apply executable="${aidl}" failοnerrοr="true">
<arg value="-p${android-framework}" />
<arg value="-I${srcdir}" />
<fileset dir="${srcdir}">
<include name="**/*.aidl"/>
</fileset>
</apply>
</target>

[i]4.3编译.java类文件生成class文件：[/i]
<!-- Compile this project's .java files into .class files. -->
<target name="compile" depends="copy, resource-src, aidl">
<javac encoding="GB18030" target="1.5" debug="true" extdirs=""
srcdir="."
destdir="${outdir-classes}"
bootclasspath="${android-jar}">
<classpath>
<fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar"/>
</classpath>
</javac>
</target>

[i]4.4第四步 将class文件打包生成classes.dex文件：[/i]
<!-- Convert this project's .class files into .dex files. -->
<target name="dex" depends="compile">
<echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${outdir}/${dex-file}...</echo>
<apply executable="${dx}" failοnerrοr="true" parallel="true">
<arg value="--dex" />
<arg value="--output=${intermediate-dex-ospath}" />
<arg path="${outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath}" />
<fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar"/>
</apply>
</target>
[i]4.5第五步 打包资源文件（包括res、assets、androidmanifest.xml等）：[/i]
<!-- Put the project's resources into the output package file. -->
<target name="package-res-and-assets">
<echo>Packaging resources and assets...</echo>
<exec executable="${aapt}" failοnerrοr="true">
<arg value="package" />
<arg value="-f" />
<arg value="-M" />
<arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="${resource-dir}" />
<arg value="-A" />
<arg value="${asset-dir}" />
<arg value="-I" />
<arg value="${android-jar}" />
<arg value="-F" />
<arg value="${resources-package}" />
</exec>
</target>
[i]4.6第六步 生成未签名的apk安装文件：[/i]
<target name="package" depends="dex, package-res">
<echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo>
<exec executable="${apk-builder}" failοnerrοr="true">
<arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" />
<arg value="-u" />
<arg value="-z" />
<arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" />
<arg value="-f" />
<arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" />
<arg value="-rf" />
<arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" />
<arg value="-rj" />
<arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" />
</exec>
<echo>It will need to be signed with jarsigner before being published.</echo>
</target>

[i]4.7第七步 对未签名的apk进行签名生成签名后的android文件：[/i]
<target name="jarsigner" depends="package">
<echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo>
<exec executable="${jarsigner}" failοnerrοr="true">
<arg value="-verbose" />
<arg value="-storepass" />
<arg value="byread002" />
<arg value="-keypass" />
<arg value="byread002" />
<arg value="-keystore" />
<arg value="bbyread.keystore" />
<arg value="-signedjar" />
<arg value="${out-signed-package-ospath}" />
<arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" />
<arg value="byread" />
</exec>
</target>
[/size][/color]

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
	<!--
  byread Package Utility
  Author: Jojol Zhou
  Date: 20100804
	-->
<project name="Byread" default="debug">
    <!-- SDK Locations -->
    <property name="sdk2.2-folder" value="F:\explorer\android-sdk-windows2.2" />
    <property name="sdk-folder" value="${sdk2.2-folder}/platforms/android-3" />
    <property name="sdk-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/tools" />
    <property name="android-tools" value="${sdk2.2-folder}/tools" />
    <property name="proguardpath" location="${wtkhome}/lib/proguard" />

		<!-- step 1.generate R.java by aapt  2.compile java to class by javac。exe 3.generate classes.dex by dx.bat  -->
		<!-- 4.package resources by aapt 5. package resource and classes.dex by apkbuilder.bat 6.sign apk by jarsinger -->
    <!-- Tools -->
    <property name="aapt" value="${sdk-tools}/aapt.exe" />
    <property name="dx" value="${sdk-tools}/dx.bat" />
    <property name="apk-builder" value="${android-tools}/apkbuilder.bat" />
    <property name="aidl" value="${android-tools}/aidl.exe" />
    <property name="adb" value="${android-tools}/adb.exe" />
    <property name="android-jar" value="${sdk-folder}/android.jar" />
    <property name="jarsigner" value="C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_07\bin\jarsigner.exe" />

    <!-- Application Package Name -->
    <property name="application-package" value="com.byread.reader" />
    <property name="useragent" value="byAndroidWeb" />
    <property name="version" value="1.02" />
    <!-- The intermediates directory -->
    <!-- Eclipse uses "bin" for its own output, so we do the same. -->
    <property name="outdir-bin" value="bin" />
    <property name="outdir-gen" value="gen" />
    <!-- source directories -->
		<property name="resource-dir" value="res" />
    <property name="asset-dir" value="assets" />
    <property name="srcdir" value="src" />
    <property name="srcdir-ospath" value="${basedir}/${srcdir}" />
    <property name="external-libs" value="libs" />
    <property name="external-libs-ospath" value="${basedir}/${external-libs}" />

    <!-- dest directories -->
    <property name="des-resource-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/res" />
    <property name="des-asset-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/assets" />
    <property name="des-srcdir" value="${outdir-bin}/src" />
    <property name="des-srcdir-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-bin}/${srcdir}" />
    <property name="des-external-libs" value="${outdir-bin}/libs" />
    <property name="des-external-libs-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-bin}/${external-libs}" />

    <!-- Output directories -->
    <property name="outdir-classes" value="${outdir-bin}/src" />
    <property name="outdir-obfuscate-classes" value="${outdir-bin}/classes" />
    <property name="outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath" value="${basedir}/${outdir-obfuscate-classes}" />

    <!-- Intermediate files -->
    <property name="dex-file" value="classes.dex" />
    <property name="intermediate-dex" value="${outdir-bin}/${dex-file}" />
    <property name="intermediate-dex-ospath" value="${basedir}/${intermediate-dex}" />

    <!-- The final package file to generate -->
    <property name="resources-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}" />
    <property name="resources-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${resources-package}" />
    <property name="out-debug-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}-debug.apk" />
    <property name="out-debug-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${out-debug-package}" />
    <property name="out-unsigned-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}-unsigned.apk" />
    <property name="out-unsigned-package-ospath" value="${basedir}/${out-unsigned-package}" />
		<property name="out-signed-package" value="${useragent}\${ant.project.name}.apk" />
		<property name="out-signed-package-ospath" value="${basedir}\${out-signed-package}" />


    <!-- init -->
		<target name="init">
        <echo>Creating all output directories </echo>
        <delete dir="${outdir-bin}" />
        <delete dir="${useragent}" />
        <mkdir dir="${outdir-bin}" />
        <mkdir dir="${outdir-classes}" />
        <mkdir dir="${useragent}" />
    </target>

    <!-- copy original strings and modify useragent -->
    <target name="copy" depends="init">
        <echo>copy files to output folder</echo>
        <delete file="${resource-dir}\values\strings.xml"/>
        <copy file="strings.xml" todir="${resource-dir}\values" />
        <replace file="${resource-dir}\values\strings.xml" token="@USERAGENT@" value="${useragent}" encoding="utf-8"/>
    </target>

    <!-- Generate the R.java file for this project's resources. -->
    <target name="resource-src" depends="copy">
        <echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...</echo>
        <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true">
					<arg value="package" />
					<arg value="-m" />
					<arg value="-J" />
					<arg value="${outdir-gen}" />
					<arg value="-M" />
					<arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
					<arg value="-S" />
					<arg value="${resource-dir}" />
					<arg value="-I" />
					<arg value="${android-jar}" />
				</exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Generate java classes from .aidl files. -->
    <target name="aidl" depends="copy">
        <echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...</echo>
        <apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="-p${android-framework}" />
            <arg value="-I${srcdir}" />
            <fileset dir="${srcdir}">
                <include name="**/*.aidl"/>
            </fileset>
        </apply>
    </target>

    <!-- Compile this project's .java files into .class files. -->
    <target name="compile" depends="copy, resource-src, aidl">
        <javac encoding="GB18030" target="1.5" debug="true" extdirs=""
                srcdir="."
                destdir="${outdir-classes}"
                bootclasspath="${android-jar}">
            <classpath>
                <fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar"/>
            </classpath>
         </javac>
    </target>



    <!-- Convert this project's .class files into .dex files. -->
    <target name="dex" depends="compile">
        <echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${outdir}/${dex-file}...</echo>
        <apply executable="${dx}" failonerror="true" parallel="true">
            <arg value="--dex" />
            <arg value="--output=${intermediate-dex-ospath}" />
            <arg path="${outdir-obfuscate-classes-ospath}" />
            <fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar"/>
        </apply>
    </target>

    <!-- Put the project's resources into the output package file. -->
    <target name="package-res-and-assets">
        <echo>Packaging resources and assets...</echo>
        <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="package" />
            <arg value="-f" />
            <arg value="-M" />
            <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
            <arg value="-S" />
            <arg value="${resource-dir}" />
            <arg value="-A" />
            <arg value="${asset-dir}" />
            <arg value="-I" />
            <arg value="${android-jar}" />
            <arg value="-F" />
            <arg value="${resources-package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Same as package-res-and-assets, but without "-A ${asset-dir}" -->
    <target name="package-res-no-assets">
        <echo>Packaging resources...</echo>
        <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="package" />
            <arg value="-f" />
            <arg value="-M" />
            <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
            <arg value="-S" />
            <arg value="${resource-dir}" />
            <!-- No assets directory -->
            <arg value="-I" />
            <arg value="${android-jar}" />
            <arg value="-F" />
            <arg value="${resources-package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Invoke the proper target depending on whether or not
         an assets directory is present. -->
    <!-- TODO: find a nicer way to include the "-A ${asset-dir}" argument
         only when the assets dir exists. -->
    <target name="package-res">
        <available file="${asset-dir}" type="dir"
                property="res-target" value="and-assets" />
        <property name="res-target" value="no-assets" />
        <antcall target="package-res-${res-target}" />
    </target>

    <!-- Package the application and sign it with a debug key.
		 This is the default target when building. It is used for debug. -->
    <target name="debug" depends="dex, package-res">
        <echo>Packaging ${out-debug-package}, and signing it with a debug key...</echo>
        <exec executable="${apk-builder}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="${out-debug-package-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-z" />
            <arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-f" />
            <arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-rf" />
            <arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-rj" />
            <arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Package the application without signing it.
    	 This allows for the application to be signed later with an official publishing key. -->
    <target name="package" depends="dex, package-res">
        <echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo>
        <exec executable="${apk-builder}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-u" />
            <arg value="-z" />
            <arg value="${resources-package-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-f" />
            <arg value="${intermediate-dex-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-rf" />
            <arg value="${srcdir-ospath}" />
            <arg value="-rj" />
            <arg value="${external-libs-ospath}" />
        </exec>
        <echo>It will need to be signed with jarsigner before being published.</echo>
    </target>

		<target name="jarsigner" depends="package">
			<echo>Packaging ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo>
			<exec executable="${jarsigner}" failonerror="true">
				<arg value="-verbose" />
				<arg value="-storepass" />
				<arg value="byread002" />
				<arg value="-keypass" />
				<arg value="byread002" />
				<arg value="-keystore" />
				<arg value="bbyread.keystore" />
				<arg value="-signedjar" />
				<arg value="${out-signed-package-ospath}" />
				<arg value="${out-unsigned-package-ospath}" />
				<arg value="byread" />
			</exec>
		</target>

		<target name="release" depends="jarsigner">
        <echo>release for release...</echo>
    </target>

    <!-- Install the package on the default emulator -->
    <target name="install" depends="debug">
        <echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo>
        <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="install" />
            <arg value="${out-debug-package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <target name="reinstall" depends="debug">
        <echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo>
        <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="install" />
            <arg value="-r" />
            <arg value="${out-debug-package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

    <!-- Uinstall the package from the default emulator -->
    <target name="uninstall">
        <echo>Uninstalling ${application-package} from the default emulator...</echo>
        <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true">
            <arg value="uninstall" />
            <arg value="${application-package}" />
        </exec>
    </target>

</project>

[b]5.eclipse打包签名
详见：[url]http://jojol-zhou.iteye.com/blog/719428[/url][/b]


参考：[url]http://sinfrancis.iteye.com/blog/721582[/url]
[url]http://asantoso.wordpress.com/2009/09/15/how-to-build-android-application-package-apk-from-the-command-line-using-the-sdk-tools-continuously-integrated-using-cruisecontrol/[/url]