使用 vimdiff 來呈現 Git diff 差異

原文地址：http://blog.longwin.com.tw/2009/11/vimdiff-vs-git-diff-2009/

GIT diff 最近一次 commit 到此次更改的所有變動(進階參數, 暫時先不列入此範圍), 呈現結果跟一般 diff 差不多.

• 註: 若於 .gitconfig 設定下述, 則可多加上顏色區別.
  

  [color]
      diff = auto

 

若想要用 vimdiff 來取代 Git diff, 要如何做呢?
(下述步驟 參考此文: Git Diff with Vimdiff)

設定 vimdiff 取代 Git diff

1. vim /usr/local/bin/git_diff_wrapper # 此位置只要放在可被執行的路徑即可, 在此先放在 /usr/local/bin/.
   

   #!/bin/sh
   vimdiff "$2" "$5"

2. chmod +x /usr/local/bin/git_diff_wrapper
3. vim ~/.gitconfig # 下述兩行都需要加入, pager 使用 diff 的設定, diff 呼叫外部程式 git_diff_wrapper.
   

   [diff]
       external = git_diff_wrapper
   [pager]
       diff =

4. 或 vim ~/.gitconfig (二者挑其一即可)
   

   [diff]
       external = git_diff_wrapper
   [core]
       pager =

5. 完成.

上述完成後, 直接於修改過的專案目錄下, 輸入 git diff, 就會於 vimdiff 的畫面 顯示 差異結果.

顯示 預設 git diff 結果

若想要看原始 git diff 的結果, 可用下述做法:

1. vim ~/.bashrc # 最後一行加入下述
   

   function git_diff() {
       git diff --no-ext-diff -w "$@" | vim -R -
   }

   Git diff 參數說明

   • --no-ext-diff : 不允許執行外部 diff 命令(防止 call vimdiff)
   • -w : 忽略所有空白
   • -R : 將 vim 設定於唯讀模式(read-only mode)
   • - : 讓 vim 作為 pager
   • 詳細可見: git diff --help

2. 於修改過的專案目錄 輸入 git_diff, 就會進入 vim 編輯原始 git diff 的結果.

Vimdiff 操作快速鍵

下述部份摘錄自此篇: Quick and Dirty : Vimdiff Tutorial

最常用的是 dp, vimdiff 會顯示左右兩個視窗, 於兩者差異處, 此區塊是要的, 就切換到要的那個視窗, 對想要的那個段落按 dp, 就會自動將此段內容複製到另外一個視窗的對應位置.

• • do - Get changes from other window into the current window.
  • dp - Put the changes from current window into the other window.
  • ]c - Jump to the next change.
  • [c - Jump to the previous change.
  • Ctrl W + Ctrl W - Switch to the other split window.
  • :diffupdate – diff update 
  • :syntax off – syntax off 
  • zo – open folded text
  • zc – close folded text