PHP中创建和编辑Excel表格的方法

要使用纯PHP创建或编辑Excel电子表格，我们将使用PHPExcel库，它可以读写许多电子表格格式，包括xls，xlsx，ods和csv。在我们继续之前，仔细检查您的服务器上是否有PHP 5.2或更高版本以及安装了以下PHP扩展：php_zip，php_xml和php_gd2。

创建电子表格

创建电子表格是PHP应用程序中最常见的用例之一，用于将数据导出到Excel电子表格。查看以下代码，了解如何使用PHPExcel创建示例Excel电子表格：

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// Include PHPExcel library and create its object require('PHPExcel.php');   $phpExcel = new PHPExcel;   // Set default font to Arial $phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setName('Arial');   // Set default font size to 12 $phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setSize(12);   // Set spreadsheet properties – title, creator and description $phpExcel ->getProperties()->setTitle("Product list"); $phpExcel ->getProperties()->setCreator("Voja Janjic"); $phpExcel ->getProperties()->setDescription("PHP Excel spreadsheet testing.");   // Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object // We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above) $writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");   // When creating the writer object, the first sheet is also created // We will get the already created sheet $sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();   // Set sheet title $sheet->setTitle('My product list');   // Create spreadsheet header $sheet ->getCell('A1')->setValue('Product'); $sheet ->getCell('B1')->setValue('Quanity'); $sheet ->getCell('C1')->setValue('Price');   // Make the header text bold and larger $sheet->getStyle('A1:D1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(14);   // Insert product data     // Autosize the columns $sheet->getColumnDimension('A')->setAutoSize(true); $sheet->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true); $sheet->getColumnDimension('C')->setAutoSize(true);   // Save the spreadsheet $writer->save('products.xlsx');

如果要下载电子表格而不是将其保存到服务器，请执行以下操作：

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header('Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel'); header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="file.xlsx"'); header('Cache-Control: max-age=0'); $writer->save('php://output');

编辑现有电子表格

在PHP中编辑电子表格与创建电子表格类似：

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// Include PHPExcel library and create its object require('PHPExcel.php');   // Load an existing spreadsheet $phpExcel = PHPExcel_IOFactory::load('products.xlsx');   // Get the first sheet $sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();   // Remove 2 rows starting from the row 2 $sheet ->removeRow(2,2);   // Insert one new row before row 2 $sheet->insertNewRowBefore(2, 1);   // Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object // We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above) $writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");   // Save the spreadsheet $writer->save('products.xlsx');

准备电子表格进行打印

要准备电子表格进行打印，我们将设置纸张方向，尺寸和边距：

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$sheet->getPageSetup()->setOrientation(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE); $sheet -> getPageSetup()->setPaperSize(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4); $sheet->getPageMargins()->setTop(1); $sheet ->getPageMargins()->setRight(0.75); $sheet ->getPageMargins()->setLeft(0.75); $sheet ->getPageMargins()->setBottom(1);

将PHPExcel与Laravel一起使用

PHPExcel库也可以在Laravel框架中使用。查看以下PHP包（此处）并通过Composer安装它。完成安装步骤后，您可以使用以下代码将数据从数据库导出到Excel电子表格中：

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Excel::create('Products', function($excel) {           // Set the title         $excel->setTitle('Product list');             // Set the creator         $excel->setCreator('Voja Janjic');             // Set description         $excel->setDescription('PHP Excel spreadsheet testing');             $excel->sheet('Products', function($sheet) {                      // Get data from the database                 $products = Product::all();                     // Generate header row                 $sheet->row(1, array(                         'ID',                         'Product',                         'Price',                         'Quantity',                     ));                     // Generate data rows                 $i = 2;                 foreach($products as $product) {                            $sheet->row($i, array(                                    $product->product_id,                                    $product->product_name,                                    $product->price,                                    $variety->quantity,                            ));                              $i++;                 }           });   })->export('xlsx');