Linux常用命令整理(系统信息命令)

为何要了解Linux命令

作为一个后台开发人员,必须拥有处理生产问题以及部署生产环境各种应用的能力,那么Linux命令是我们绕不过去坎。懂得常用的linux命令对于我们的日常开发工作大有裨益,同时也提升了我们处理异常问题的能力与效率,下面就一些常用的Linux命令做一个总结。

linux系统信息命令

首先我们对linux系统信息相关的指令做一个基本了解

  1. 查看CPU信息

    cat /proc/cpuinfo 
    
    通过上面的指令我们看可以看到当前主机所有CPU的信息列表(针对多核)
    processor	: 1
    vendor_id	: GenuineIntel
    cpu family	: 6
    model		: 85
    model name	: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8163 CPU @ 2.50GHz
    stepping	: 4
    microcode	: 0x1
    cpu MHz		: 2500.018
    cache size	: 33792 KB
    physical id	: 0
    siblings	: 2
    core id		: 0
    cpu cores	: 1
    apicid		: 1
    initial apicid	: 1
    fpu		: yes
    fpu_exception	: yes
    cpuid level	: 13
    wp		: yes
    flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 spec_ctrl intel_stibp
    bogomips	: 5000.03
    clflush size	: 64
    cache_alignment	: 64
    address sizes	: 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    power management:
    

    ps:另外我们也可以通过 cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep “physical id” 等相关指令查看CPU某一个参数的具体信息。

  2. 查看内存信息

    cat /proc/meminfo 
    
    通过上面的指令我们看可以看到当前主机内存使用情况
    MemTotal:        3880924 kB
    MemFree:         1023564 kB
    MemAvailable:    2381112 kB
    Buffers:          160044 kB
    Cached:          1372664 kB
    SwapCached:            0 kB
    Active:          1927336 kB
    Inactive:         778128 kB
    Active(anon):    1177820 kB
    Inactive(anon):      276 kB
    Active(file):     749516 kB
    Inactive(file):   777852 kB
    Unevictable:        4796 kB
    Mlocked:               0 kB
    SwapTotal:             0 kB
    SwapFree:              0 kB
    Dirty:                12 kB
    Writeback:             0 kB
    AnonPages:       1177568 kB
    Mapped:            67892 kB
    Shmem:               544 kB
    Slab:              89580 kB
    SReclaimable:      69844 kB
    SUnreclaim:        19736 kB
    KernelStack:        4848 kB
    PageTables:         8988 kB
    NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
    Bounce:                0 kB
    WritebackTmp:          0 kB
    CommitLimit:     1940460 kB
    Committed_AS:    1648128 kB
    VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
    VmallocUsed:       14276 kB
    VmallocChunk:   34359715580 kB
    HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
    AnonHugePages:    997376 kB
    CmaTotal:              0 kB
    CmaFree:               0 kB
    HugePages_Total:       0
    HugePages_Free:        0
    HugePages_Rsvd:        0
    HugePages_Surp:        0
    Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
    DirectMap4k:       73600 kB
    DirectMap2M:     4120576 kB
    DirectMap1G:     2097152 kB
    
    PS:针对以上内存信息,做一些简要的说明
    	MemTotal:可用的总内存--总物理内存减去kernel 代码/数据段占用再减去保留的内存区;
    	MemFree:完全未用到的物理内存 LowFree+HighFree;
    	MemAvailable:MemFree+Active(file)+Inactive(file)-(watermark+min(watermark,Active(file)+Inactive(file)/2))
    		有些应用程序会根据系统的可用内存大小自动调整内存申请的多少,所以需要一个记录当前可用内存数量的统计值,MemFree并不适用,因为MemFree不能代表全部可用的内存,系统中有些内存虽然已被使用但是可以回收的,比如cache/buffer、slab都有一部分可以回收,所以这部分可回收的内存加上MemFree才是系统可用的内存,即MemAvailable。/proc/meminfo中的MemAvailable是内核使用特定的算法估算出来的,要注意这是一个估计值,并不精确。
    	Buffers:block device 文件读写用到的page;
    	Cached:普通文件占用的缓冲;
    	SwapCached:内存足够的情况下,这个值一般为0;
    	swap分区参数:Swap分区在系统的物理内存不够用的时候,把硬盘空间中的一部分空间释放出来,以供当前运行的程序使用
    	SwapTotal:可用的swap空间的总的大小
    	SwapFree:剩余swap空间的大小
    	kswapd()-->balance_pgdat()-->shrink_zone()-->shrink_inactive_list()-->shrink_page_list()(核心函数)-_swap()-->get_swap_page() 内存换出到swap的过程
    	Dirty:需要写入磁盘的内存区大小
    	Writeback:正在被写回磁盘的大小
    	AnonPages:未映射页的内存大小
    	Mapped: 设备和文件等映射的大小。
    	Slab: 内核数据结构slab的大小,可以减少申请和释放内存带来的消耗。
    	SReclaimable:可收回Slab的大小
    	SUnreclaim:不可收回Slab的大小(SUnreclaim+SReclaimable=Slab)
    	PageTables:管理内存分页页面的索引表的大小。
    	NFS_Unstable:不稳定页表的大小
    	VmallocTotal: vmalloc内存区大小
    	VmallocUsed: 已用的vmalloc区大小 
    
  3. 查看磁盘信息

    fdisk -l 
    
    磁盘 /dev/vda:42.9 GB, 42949672960 字节,83886080 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    磁盘标签类型:dos
    磁盘标识符:0x0008d73a
    设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048    83884031    41940992   83  Linux
    
  4. 查看系统、CPU等信息

    uname -a
    
     Linux iz2ze06kmfgcyg4afunsqaz 3.10.0-862.11.6.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 14 21:49:04 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
    
  5. 加载的内核模块

    lsmod
    
     Module                  Size  Used by
     tcp_diag               12591  0 
     inet_diag              18949  1 tcp_diag
     ipt_MASQUERADE         12678  1 
     nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4    13412  1 ipt_MASQUERADE
     iptable_nat            12875  1 
     nf_conntrack_ipv4      15053  2 
     nf_defrag_ipv4         12729  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4
     nf_nat_ipv4            14115  1 iptable_nat
     xt_addrtype            12676  2 
     iptable_filter         12810  1 
     xt_conntrack           12760  1 
     nf_nat                 26787  2 nf_nat_ipv4,nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4
     nf_conntrack          133053  5 nf_nat,nf_nat_ipv4,xt_conntrack,nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ipv4
     libcrc32c              12644  2 nf_nat,nf_conntrack
     br_netfilter           22256  0 
     bridge                146976  1 br_netfilter
     stp                    12976  1 bridge
     llc                    14552  2 stp,bridge
     overlay                71964  0 
     cfg80211              623433  0 
     rfkill                 22391  1 cfg80211
     iosf_mbi               14990  0 
     crc32_pclmul           13133  0 
     ghash_clmulni_intel    13273  0 
     aesni_intel           189415  0 
     lrw                    13286  1 aesni_intel
     gf128mul               15139  1 lrw
     ppdev                  17671  0 
     glue_helper            13990  1 aesni_intel
     ablk_helper            13597  1 aesni_intel
     parport_pc             28205  0 
     parport                46395  2 ppdev,parport_pc
     i2c_piix4              22401  0 
     cryptd                 20511  3 ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel,ablk_helper
     pcspkr                 12718  0 
     joydev                 17389  0 
     virtio_balloon         18015  0 
     ip_tables              27126  2 iptable_filter,iptable_nat
     ext4                  571716  1 
     mbcache                14958  1 ext4
     jbd2                  103046  1 ext4
     ata_generic            12923  0 
     pata_acpi              13053  0 
     virtio_console         28075  1 
     virtio_net             28063  0 
     virtio_blk             18166  2 
     cirrus                 24383  1 
     drm_kms_helper        177166  1 cirrus
     syscopyarea            12529  1 drm_kms_helper
     sysfillrect            12701  1 drm_kms_helper
     sysimgblt              12640  1 drm_kms_helper
     fb_sys_fops            12703  1 drm_kms_helper
     ttm                    99555  1 cirrus
     drm                   397988  4 ttm,drm_kms_helper,cirrus
     ata_piix               35052  0 
     libata                243070  3 pata_acpi,ata_generic,ata_piix
     crct10dif_pclmul       14307  0 
     crct10dif_common       12595  1 crct10dif_pclmul
     crc32c_intel           22094  1 
     serio_raw              13434  0 
     i2c_core               63151  3 drm,i2c_piix4,drm_kms_helper
     virtio_pci             22934  0 
     virtio_ring            22746  5 virtio_blk,virtio_net,virtio_pci,virtio_balloon,virtio_console
     virtio                 14959  5 virtio_blk,virtio_net,virtio_pci,virtio_balloon,virtio_console
     floppy                 69432  0 
    
  6. 查看环境变量配置

    env
    
    XDG_SESSION_ID=21605
    HOSTNAME=iz2ze06kmfgcyg4afunsqaz
    TERM=xterm-256color
    SHELL=/bin/bash
    HISTSIZE=1000
    SSH_CLIENT=112.97.181.32 10059 22
    SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/2
    JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181/jre
    USER=root
    MAIL=/var/spool/mail/root
    PATH=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181/bin:/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181/jre/bin:
    PWD=/root
    JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181
    LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
    HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
    M2_HOME=/usr/local/maven3/apache-maven-3.5.4
    SHLVL=1
    HOME=/root
    LOGNAME=root
    CLASSPATH=.:/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181/lib:/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_181/jre/lib:
    SSH_CONNECTION=112.97.181.32 10059 172.17.190.200 22
    LESSOPEN=||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s
    XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/0
    NODE_HOME=/usr/local/node/8.11.4
    _=/usr/bin/env
    
  7. 查看内存使用量和交换区使用量

    free -m
    
                   total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
     Mem:           3789        1208         995           0        1585        2322
     Swap:             0           0           0
    
  8. 查看指定目录下文件大小

    du -sh *
    
     4.0K	bin
     24K	lib64
     84M	libexec
     5.6M	share
    
  9. 查看系统运行时间、用户数、负载情况

     uptime #
    

    14:16:21 up 126 days, 22:51, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

  10. 查看磁盘分区以及负载信息

    cat proc/loadavg 
    
    0.00 0.01 0.05 1/296 27774
    0.00(1分钟平均负载) 0.01(5分钟平均负载) 0.05(15分钟平均负载) 1/296(分子是当前正在运行的进程数,分母是总的进程数) 27774(最近运行进程的ID)
    
  11. 查看所有网络接口的属性

    ifconfig #
    
    docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 172.18.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
            ether 02:42:2e:43:1a:df  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 172.17.190.200  netmask 255.255.240.0  broadcast 172.17.191.255
            ether 00:16:3e:0e:55:ce  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 8359753  bytes 2727021055 (2.5 GiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 8301402  bytes 2424845168 (2.2 GiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
            inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
            loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
            RX packets 63564123  bytes 54423994155 (50.6 GiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 63564123  bytes 54423994155 (50.6 GiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
    	第一行:
    	       eth0:以太网卡的名字
    			UP:代表此网络接口为启用状态(down为关闭状态) 
    			RUNNING:代表网卡设备已连接 
    			MULTICAST:表示支持组播 
    			MTU:为数据包最大传输单元 
    	第二行:网卡的IP地址、子网掩码、广播地址 
    	第三行:IP v6地址 
    	第四行:Ethernet(以太网)表示连接类型; 
    	ether:表示为网卡的MAC地址 
    	第五行:接受数据包个数、大小统计信息 
    	第六行:异常接受包的个数、如丢包量、错误等 
    	第七行:发送数据包个数、大小统计信息 
    	第八行:发送包的个数、如丢包量、错误等
    
  12. 查看防火墙设置

    iptables -L # 
    
    Chain FORWARD (policy DROP)
    target     prot opt source               destination         
    DOCKER-ISOLATION  all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
    DOCKER     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
    ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
    ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
    ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
    
    Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
    target     prot opt source               destination         
    
    Chain DOCKER (1 references)
    target     prot opt source               destination         
    
    Chain DOCKER-ISOLATION (1 references)
    target     prot opt source               destination         
    RETURN     all  --  anywhere             anywhere  
    
  13. 查看所有监听端口

    netstat -lntp # 
    
    Active Internet connections (only servers)
    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1529/master         
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1008/redis-server * 
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17267/nginx: master 
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2472/sshd           
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8088            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5600/java           
    tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      15767/mysqld        
    tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      15767/mysqld        
    tcp6       0      0 :::6379                 :::*                    LISTEN      1008/redis-server * 
    tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      17267/nginx: master
    
  14. 查看所有已经建立的连接

    netstat -antp # 
    
    Active Internet connections (servers and established)
    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1529/master         
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1008/redis-server * 
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17267/nginx: master 
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2472/sshd           
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8088            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5600/java           
    
  15. 查看所有进程

    ps -ef # 
    ps -ef|grep nginx
    
    root     18542     2  0 2月23 ?       00:00:06 [kworker/1:1]
    root     24408  2606  0 1月06 ?       01:00:03 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/li
    root     26764     2  0 06:10 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/1:0]
    root     27624     2  0 13:10 ?        00:00:00 [kworker/0:0]
    root     27730  2472  0 14:11 ?        00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/1
    root     27732 27730  0 14:11 pts/1    00:00:00 -bash
    

    root       511   489  0  2018 ?        00:00:00 runsv nginx
    root       534   511  0  2018 ?        00:00:00 svlogd -tt /var/log/gitlab/nginx
    root     17267     1  0  2018 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
    nginx    17268 17267  0  2018 ?        00:00:02 nginx: worker process
    nginx    17269 17267  0  2018 ?        00:00:03 nginx: worker process
    root     27862 27732  0 14:59 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
    
  16. 实时显示进程状态用户

    top # 
    
     PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                   
    15767 mysql     20   0 1899192 595856   8564 S   0.7 15.4 371:57.37 mysqld                                    
     1008 root      20   0  147360   9432    928 S   0.3  0.2 178:29.64 redis-server                              
     2606 root      20   0  788500  19704   3712 S   0.3  0.5 221:58.45 dockerd-current                           
     8657 root       0 -20  127380  12060   9400 S   0.3  0.3 212:33.21 AliYunDun                                 
        1 root      20   0   43520   2780   1492 S   0.0  0.1  30:15.11 systemd  
    
  17. 查看活动用户

    w # 
    
    15:03:16 up 126 days, 23:37,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
    USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
    root     pts/1    112.97.181.32    14:11    4.00s  0.06s  0.00s w
    
  18. 查看指定用户信息

    id # 
    
    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) 组=0(root),1001(xaut)
    
    id tomcat
    
    uid=1000(tomcat) gid=1000(tomcat) 组=1000(tomcat),1001(xaut)
    
  19. 查看用户登录日志

    last # 
    
    root     pts/1        112.97.181.32    Wed Feb 27 14:11   still logged in   
    root     pts/2        112.97.181.32    Wed Feb 27 11:23 - 14:07  (02:43)    
    root     pts/1        112.97.181.32    Wed Feb 27 10:28 - 13:10  (02:42)    
    root     pts/1        183.39.158.114   Tue Feb 19 15:55 - 18:07  (02:12)    
    root     pts/1        14.27.34.173     Tue Feb  5 22:49 - 23:24  (00:34)    
    root     pts/1        14.27.58.109     Mon Feb  4 21:22 - 23:40  (02:17)    
    root     pts/1        14.27.58.109     Mon Feb  4 19:52 - 20:29  (00:36)    
    root     pts/1        14.25.55.11      Sun Feb  3 10:16 - 10:41  (00:25)    
    root     pts/1        183.39.46.235    Sat Feb  2 21:12 - 00:25  (03:13)    
    root     pts/1        14.25.171.77     Sat Feb  2 18:09 - 18:52  (00:42)    
    root     pts/1        14.25.171.77     Sat Feb  2 11:40 - 14:15  (02:34)    
    root     pts/1        14.28.152.226    Sat Feb  2 00:49 - 03:01  (02:11)    
    root     pts/3        113.200.106.211  Fri Feb  1 22:18 - 00:30  (02:11)    
    root     pts/2        14.28.152.226    Fri Feb  1 22:04 - 02:06  (04:02)    
    root     pts/1        1.87.228.212     Fri Feb  1 20:10 - 22:28  (02:18)    
    root     pts/2        113.200.106.211  Fri Feb  1 15:25 - 15:49  (00:23)    
    root     pts/1        113.200.106.211  Fri Feb  1 14:44 - 16:59  (02:15)    
    root     pts/2        1.87.224.146     Fri Feb  1 14:03 - 14:31  (00:27)    
    root     pts/1        1.87.226.92      Fri Feb  1 13:48 - 14:16  (00:27)    
    root     pts/1        1.87.226.92      Fri Feb  1 13:47 - 13:47  (00:00)    
    root     pts/2        1.85.245.214     Thu Jan 31 22:27 - 00:39  (02:11)    
    root     pts/2        1.85.245.214     Thu Jan 31 21:08 - 22:00  (00:51)    
    root     pts/1        14.28.9.82       Thu Jan 31 19:14 - 00:11  (04:57)    
    root     pts/4        1.85.245.214     Thu Jan 31 14:44 - 15:11  (00:26)    
    root     pts/3        1.85.245.214     Thu Jan 31 13:40 - 15:56  (02:15)    
    root     pts/2        1.85.245.214     Thu Jan 31 13:24 - 15:42  (02:17)    
    root     pts/1        14.28.9.82       Thu Jan 31 12:25 - 19:03  (06:38)    
    root     pts/1        14.27.51.41      Wed Jan 30 21:07 - 22:17  (01:09)    
    root     pts/2        183.39.151.225   Tue Jan 29 16:59 - 18:17  (01:17)    
    root     pts/1        183.39.146.121   Tue Jan 29 15:36 - 17:16  (01:39)    
    root     pts/1        113.242.187.93   Tue Jan 29 09:14 - 09:38  (00:23)    
    root     pts/1        113.242.187.93   Tue Jan 29 08:25 - 09:05  (00:39)    
    root     pts/1        14.30.34.125     Mon Jan 28 19:44 - 20:12  (00:28)    
    root     pts/1        14.24.77.228     Mon Jan 28 15:37 - 15:59  (00:22)    
    root     pts/2        112.97.59.102    Fri Jan 25 16:28 - 16:46  (00:18)    
    root     pts/1        183.42.40.14     Fri Jan 25 15:16 - 17:29  (02:13)    
    root     pts/3        114.251.159.69   Thu Jan 24 17:09 - 17:09  (00:00)    
    root     pts/2        114.251.159.69   Thu Jan 24 16:47 - 05:56  (13:09)    
    root     pts/1        183.37.129.46    Thu Jan 24 16:43 - 19:07  (02:24)    
    root     pts/1        183.40.20.160    Sat Jan 19 14:37 - 16:50  (02:12)    
    root     pts/1        112.97.59.150    Tue Jan 15 19:13 - 20:10  (00:56)    
    root     pts/1        114.251.159.69   Tue Jan 15 14:38 - 14:38  (00:00)    
    root     pts/1        112.97.57.208    Sat Jan 12 14:56 - 15:48  (00:51)    
    root     pts/1        112.97.57.208    Sat Jan 12 10:02 - 11:09  (01:07
    

以上命令会在我们日常开发中,经常用到。为了提高开发以及解决问题的能力,这些日常命令需要去熟练运用。
下一篇,我会对常用的文件以及文件夹命令做一个总结。

ps:参考文章
[1]: https://www.cnblogs.com/yjd_hycf_space/p/7730690.html
[2]: https://my.oschina.net/guiguketang/blog/1809293

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值