CentOS GCC升级到4.6.1

本文转载自：http://wgkgood.blog.51cto.com/，对作者深表感谢！

最近由于需求的原因，需要把目前gcc-4.4.4升级到gcc-4.6.1，考虑到有多台的原因，做了一个脚本自动安装结合批量工具分发。

一、安装环境
系统版本：centos6.0X64
原GCC版本：gcc-4.4.4
新GCC版本：gcc-4.6.1

二、正式安装
1、下载安装的源码：

如下需要下载以下包：
gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2 gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2  
下载地址如下： 
wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/{gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2,mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz,mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2}  
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.6.1/gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2 
即可！

2、解压安装：安装有先后顺序：GMP、MPFR、MPC、GCC

1.安装GMP:  

tar jxf gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 &&cd gmp-4.3.2/ ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gmp/ &&make &&make install

2.安装MPFR:

tar jxf mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2 ;cd mpfr-2.4.2/ ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpfr –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp &&make &&make install

3.安装MPC: 

tar xzf mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz ;cd mpc-0.8.1 ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpc –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp &&make &&make install

然后执行如下：

export  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mpc/lib:/usr/local/gmp/lib:/usr/local/mpfr/lib/</span>

//这一步很关键，设置变量，不设置后面会报错。

4.安装GCC：

tar jxf gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2 ;cd gcc-4.6.1 ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc –enable-threads=posix –disable-checking –disable-multilib –enable-languages=c,c++ –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr/ –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc/ &&make &&make install

安装完毕即可！然后做一个链接就可以使用GCC了   
mkdir -p  /data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`   
mv /usr/bin/{gcc,g++}      /data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`  
 
新建软链接：  
ln -s /usr/local/gcc/bin/gcc          /usr/bin/gcc   
ln -s /usr/local/gcc/bin/g++          /usr/bin/g++

三、测试GCC
直接输入gcc -v 可以查看到gcc 版本为4.6.1和相关的编译参数就ok了！附上一个最简单的安装脚本：

#!/bin/sh    
##auto make install gcc    
##2012-07-03    
tar jxf gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 &&cd gmp-4.3.2/ ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gmp/ &&make &&make install    
    
sleep 1    
cd ../ ;tar jxf mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2 ;cd mpfr-2.4.2/ ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpfr –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp &&make &&make install    
    
cd ../ ;tar xzf mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz ;cd mpc-0.8.1 ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpc –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp &&make &&make install    
    
cd ../ ;tar jxf gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2 ;cd gcc-4.6.1 ;./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc –enable-threads=posix –disable-checking –disable-multilib –enable-languages=c,c++ –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr/ –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc/    
    
if    
[ $? -eq 0 ];then    
echo “This gcc configure is success”    
else    
echo “This gcc configure is failed”    
fi    
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mpc/lib:/usr/local/gmp/lib:/usr/local/mpfr/lib/    
    
make && make install    
    
[ $? -eq 0 ]&&echo This is make install success

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

configure: error: cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile

Indeed, adding the MPFR and GPM lib directories to LD_LIBRARY_PATH solves theproblem. For some reason I thought configure would handle this for me since Igave it --with-gmp and --with-mpfr settings. Would have been nice if configuretested for this and given a helpful error. In any event I'll close this out asan invalid bug report.

需要安装gmp与mpfr并且需要在.bash_profile(一般在/root目录下）配置LD_LIBRARY_PATH,把GMP与MPFR对应的lib配置上如：LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mpfr/2.4.0/lib:/usr/local/gmp/4.2.2/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH一定要重启生效或者使用 source /root/.bash_profile

error while loading shared libraries: libXXX.so.X: cannot open shared object file: No such file

1、找到 libXXX.so.X的路径，比如/usr/local/xxx/lib

2、cd /etc

3、gedit ld.so.conf

4、添加/usr/local/xxx/lib

5、ldconfig