ios 对图片进行压缩

https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000000701850


我是用这个函数对图片进行压缩的

NSData *fData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self.photo, 1.0);

这样,图片是7MB这样。假如压缩级别是0.5,如:

NSData *fData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self.photo, 0.5);

图片压缩之后,大小是 1MB左右。。现在问题来了。

一张图片,压缩级别是0.5的话,大小不会变成原来的0.5倍。我算了一下,大概是0.14.所以压缩级别和这个大小好像不能形成一定的关联。

比如我一张 500KB的图片,0.5的压缩级别。大小可能才100多KB。对我来说,正好。但是假如像上面那样,7MB的大小,按照这样的压缩率,就是1MB.所以图片时大时小。对用户来说,体验肯定比较差。

我想动态的压缩图片,让没有wifi的情况下,无论多少大小的图片,压缩之后大小最大 200KB。有wifi,压缩大小最大 700KB。

目前有比较好的算法吗?或者开源的函数。

--------------------------

贴一个相关函数

//图片压缩到指定大小
- (UIImage*)imageByScalingAndCroppingForSize:(CGSize)targetSize
{
    UIImage *sourceImage = self;
    UIImage *newImage = nil;
    CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size;
    CGFloat width = imageSize.width;
    CGFloat height = imageSize.height;
    CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width;
    CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height;
    CGFloat scaleFactor = 0.0;
    CGFloat scaledWidth = targetWidth;
    CGFloat scaledHeight = targetHeight;
    CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0);
    
    if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO)
    {
        CGFloat widthFactor = targetWidth / width;
        CGFloat heightFactor = targetHeight / height;
        
        if (widthFactor > heightFactor)
        scaleFactor = widthFactor; // scale to fit height
        else
        scaleFactor = heightFactor; // scale to fit width
        scaledWidth= width * scaleFactor;
        scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor;
        
        // center the image
        if (widthFactor > heightFactor)
        {
            thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5;
        }
        else if (widthFactor < heightFactor)
        {
            thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5;
        }
    }
    
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(targetSize); // this will crop
    
    CGRect thumbnailRect = CGRectZero;
    thumbnailRect.origin = thumbnailPoint;
    thumbnailRect.size.width= scaledWidth;
    thumbnailRect.size.height = scaledHeight;
    
    [sourceImage drawInRect:thumbnailRect];
    
    newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    if(newImage == nil)
    NSLog(@"could not scale image");
    
    //pop the context to get back to the default
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return newImage;
}

1


第二个参数是压缩系数,他的设置并不能保证图片的大小,因为压缩之后的大小和图片的内容也有关系,比如你的图片的的颜色相似的话压缩之后图片的大小就会小点。你所在在意的wifi情况压缩图片是不是指需要上传呢,如果是需要上传的话你可以压缩两种格式的图片,高质量的和低质量的图片,有wifi的情况下上传高质量的图片,没有wifi的情况下上传低质量的图片


1

UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self.photo, 0.5);
对于每张图片进行压缩,其实有一个最小值,此后无论再怎么改小压缩系数都无济于事。
如果还是过大,只能裁剪图片了。

- (NSData *)imageWithImage:(UIImage*)image
          scaledToSize:(CGSize)newSize;
{
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(newSize);
    [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0,0,newSize.width,newSize.height)];
    UIImage* newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return UIImageJPEGRepresentation(newImage, 0.8);
}

你可以弄一个 for 循环,不断的逼近你要的大小


1
- (UIImage *)compressImage:(UIImage *)image toMaxFileSize:(NSInteger)maxFileSize {
    CGFloat compression = 0.9f;
    CGFloat maxCompression = 0.1f;
    NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, compression);
    while ([imageData length] > maxFileSize && compression > maxCompression) {
        compression -= 0.1;
        imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, compression);
    }
    
    UIImage *compressedImage = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];
    return compressedImage;
}

图片的压缩其实是俩概念,
1、是 “压” 文件体积变小,但是像素数不变,长宽尺寸不变,那么质量可能下降,
2、是 “缩” 文件的尺寸变小,也就是像素数减少。长宽尺寸变小,文件体积同样会减小。

这个 UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.0),是1的功能。这个 [sourceImage drawInRect:CGRectMake(0,0,targetWidth, targetHeight)] 是2的功能。

所以,这俩你得结合使用来满足需求,不然你一味的用1,导致,图片模糊的不行,但是尺寸还是很大。



0

我有个图片,可能是14M或者更多,想把它压缩到500K以内,UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.0),就算这个压缩系数设置为最小,压缩后仍然比500k大;那有什么方法能把任意大小的图片压缩到指定的字节大小呢,忽略图片清晰度的要求!楼主解决此问题没,求解!



//图片压缩到指定大小

  • (UIImage*)imageByScalingAndCroppingForSize:(CGSize)targetSize
    {
    UIImage *sourceImage = self;
    UIImage *newImage = nil;
    CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size;
    CGFloat width = imageSize.width;
    CGFloat height = imageSize.height;
    CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width;
    CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height;
    CGFloat scaleFactor = 0.0;
    CGFloat scaledWidth = targetWidth;
    CGFloat scaledHeight = targetHeight;
    CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0);

    if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO) {

       CGFloat widthFactor = targetWidth / width;
       CGFloat heightFactor = targetHeight / height;
       
       if (widthFactor > heightFactor)
       scaleFactor = widthFactor; // scale to fit height
       else
       scaleFactor = heightFactor; // scale to fit width
       scaledWidth= width * scaleFactor;
       scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor;
       
       // center the image
       if (widthFactor > heightFactor)
       {
           thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5;
       }
       else if (widthFactor < heightFactor)
       {
           thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5;
       }

    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(targetSize); // this will crop

    CGRect thumbnailRect = CGRectZero;
    thumbnailRect.origin = thumbnailPoint;
    thumbnailRect.size.width= scaledWidth;
    thumbnailRect.size.height = scaledHeight;

    [sourceImage drawInRect:thumbnailRect];

    newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    if(newImage == nil)
    NSLog(@"could not scale image");

    //pop the context to get back to the default
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return newImage;
    }

— Milu · 2015年12月25日

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0
-(UIImage *) imageCompressForWidth:(UIImage *)sourceImage targetWidth:(CGFloat)defineWidth
{
    CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size;
    CGFloat width = imageSize.width;
    CGFloat height = imageSize.height;
    CGFloat targetWidth = defineWidth;
    CGFloat targetHeight = (targetWidth / width) * height;
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(targetWidth, targetHeight));
    [sourceImage drawInRect:CGRectMake(0,0,targetWidth,  targetHeight)];
    UIImage* newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return newImage;
}


0

压图片质量和缩小图片大小相结合:



/**
 压图片质量

 @param image image
 @return Data
 */
+ (NSData *)zipImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image
{
    if (!image) {
        return nil;
    }
    CGFloat maxFileSize = 32*1024;
    CGFloat compression = 0.9f;
    NSData *compressedData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, compression);
    while ([compressedData length] > maxFileSize) {
        compression *= 0.9;
        compressedData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation([[self class] compressImage:image newWidth:image.size.width*compression], compression);
    }
    return compressedData;
}

/**
 *  等比缩放本图片大小
 *
 *  @param newImageWidth 缩放后图片宽度,像素为单位
 *
 *  @return self-->(image)
 */
+ (UIImage *)compressImage:(UIImage *)image newWidth:(CGFloat)newImageWidth
{
    if (!image) return nil;
    float imageWidth = image.size.width;
    float imageHeight = image.size.height;
    float width = newImageWidth;
    float height = image.size.height/(image.size.width/width);
    
    float widthScale = imageWidth /width;
    float heightScale = imageHeight /height;
    
    // 创建一个bitmap的context
    // 并把它设置成为当前正在使用的context
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(width, height));
    
    if (widthScale > heightScale) {
        [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, imageWidth /heightScale , height)];
    }
    else {
        [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, width , imageHeight /widthScale)];
    }
    
    // 从当前context中创建一个改变大小后的图片
    UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    // 使当前的context出堆栈
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    
    return newImage;
    
}

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