Spring Cloud Eureka 全解 (3) - 核心流程-服务注册与取消详解

本文基于SpringCloud-Dalston.SR5

关于服务注册

开启/关闭服务注册配置:eureka.client.register-with-eureka = true (默认)

什么时候注册?

  1. 应用第一次启动时,初始化EurekaClient时,应用状态改变:从STARTING变为UP会触发这个Listener,调用instanceInfoReplicator.onDemandUpdate();
    可以推测出,实例状态改变时,也会通过注册接口更新实例状态信息
statusChangeListener = new ApplicationInfoManager.StatusChangeListener() {
    @Override
    public String getId() {
        return "statusChangeListener";
    }

    @Override
    public void notify(StatusChangeEvent statusChangeEvent) {
        if (InstanceStatus.DOWN == statusChangeEvent.getStatus() ||
                InstanceStatus.DOWN == statusChangeEvent.getPreviousStatus()) {
            // log at warn level if DOWN was involved
            logger.warn("Saw local status change event {}", statusChangeEvent);
        } else {
            logger.info("Saw local status change event {}", statusChangeEvent);
        }
        instanceInfoReplicator.onDemandUpdate();
    }
};
  1. 定时任务,如果InstanceInfo发生改变,也会通过注册接口更新信息
public void run() {
    try {
        discoveryClient.refreshInstanceInfo();
        //如果实例信息发生改变,则需要调用register更新InstanceInfo
        Long dirtyTimestamp = instanceInfo.isDirtyWithTime();
        if (dirtyTimestamp != null) {
            discoveryClient.register();
            instanceInfo.unsetIsDirty(dirtyTimestamp);
        }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        logger.warn("There was a problem with the instance info replicator", t);
    } finally {
        Future next = scheduler.schedule(this, replicationIntervalSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        scheduledPeriodicRef.set(next);
    }
}
  1. 在定时renew时,如果renew接口返回404(代表这个实例在EurekaServer上面找不到),可能是之前注册失败或者注册过期导致的。这时需要调用register重新注册
boolean renew() {
    EurekaHttpResponse<InstanceInfo> httpResponse;
    try {
        httpResponse = eurekaTransport.registrationClient.sendHeartBeat(instanceInfo.getAppName(), instanceInfo.getId(), instanceInfo, null);
        logger.debug("{} - Heartbeat status: {}", PREFIX + appPathIdentifier, httpResponse.getStatusCode());
        //如果renew接口返回404(代表这个实例在EurekaServer上面找不到),可能是之前注册失败或者注册过期导致的
        if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == 404) {
            REREGISTER_COUNTER.increment();
            logger.info("{} - Re-registering apps/{}", PREFIX + appPathIdentifier, instanceInfo.getAppName());
            long timestamp = instanceInfo.setIsDirtyWithTime();
            boolean success = register();
            if (success) {
                instanceInfo.unsetIsDirty(timestamp);
            }
            return success;
        }
        return httpResponse.getStatusCode() == 200;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
        logger.error("{} - was unable to send heartbeat!", PREFIX + appPathIdentifier, e);
        return false;
    }
}

向Eureka发送注册请求EurekaServer发生了什么?

主要有两个存储,一个是之前提到过的registry,还有一个最近变化队列,后面我们会知道,这个最近变化队列里面就是客户端获取增量实例信息的内容:

# 整体注册信息缓存
private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>>> registry = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>>>();
# 最近变化队列
private ConcurrentLinkedQueue<RecentlyChangedItem> recentlyChangedQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<RecentlyChangedItem>(); 

EurekaServer收到实例注册主要分两步:

  • 调用父类方法注册
  • 同步到其他EurekaServer实例
public void register(InstanceInfo info, boolean isReplication) {
    int leaseDuration = 90;
    if (info.getLeaseInfo() != null && info.getLeaseInfo().getDurationInSecs() > 0) {
        leaseDuration = info.getLeaseInfo().getDurationInSecs();
    }
    //调用父类方法注册
    super.register(info, leaseDuration, isReplication);
    //同步到其他EurekaServer实例
    this.replicateToPeers(PeerAwareInstanceRegistryImpl.Action.Register, info.getAppName(), info.getId(), info, (InstanceStatus)null, isReplication);
}

我们先看同步到其他EurekaServer实例

其实就是,注册到的EurekaServer再依次调用其他集群内的EurekaServer的Register方法将实例信息同步过去

private void replicateToPeers(Action action, String appName, String id,
                              InstanceInfo info /* optional */,
                              InstanceStatus newStatus /* optional */, boolean isReplication) {
    Stopwatch tracer = action.getTimer().start();
    try {
        if (isReplication) {
            numberOfReplicationsLastMin.increment();
        }
        // If it is a replication already, do not replicate again as this will create a poison replication
        if (peerEurekaNodes == Collections.EMPTY_LIST || isReplication) {
            return;
        }

        for (final PeerEurekaNode node : peerEurekaNodes.getPeerEurekaNodes()) {
            // If the url represents this host, do not replicate to yourself.
            if (peerEurekaNodes.isThisMyUrl(node.getServiceUrl())) {
                continue;
            }
            replicateInstanceActionsToPeers(action, appName, id, info, newStatus, node);
        }
    } finally {
        tracer.stop();
    }
}

private void replicateInstanceActionsToPeers(Action action, String appName,
                                             String id, InstanceInfo info, InstanceStatus newStatus,
                                             PeerEurekaNode node) {
    try {
        InstanceInfo infoFromRegistry = null;
        CurrentRequestVersion.set(Version.V2);
        switch (action) {
            case Cancel:
                node.cancel(appName, id);
                break;
            case Heartbeat:
                InstanceStatus overriddenStatus = overriddenInstanceStatusMap.get(id);
                infoFromRegistry = getInstanceByAppAndId(appName, id, false);
                node.heartbeat(appName, id, infoFromRegistry, overriddenStatus, false);
                break;
            case Register:
                node.register(info);
                break;
            case StatusUpdate:
                infoFromRegistry = getInstanceByAppAndId(appName, id, false);
                node.statusUpdate(appName, id, newStatus, infoFromRegistry);
                break;
            case DeleteStatusOverride:
                infoFromRegistry = getInstanceByAppAndId(appName, id, false);
                node.deleteStatusOverride(appName, id, infoFromRegistry);
                break;
        }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        logger.error("Cannot replicate information to {} for action {}", node.getServiceUrl(), action.name(), t);
    }
}

然后看看调用父类方法注册:

public void register(InstanceInfo registrant, int leaseDuration, boolean isReplication) {
    try {
        //register虽然看上去好像是修改,但是这里用的是读锁,后面会解释
        read.lock();
        //从registry中查看这个app是否存在
        Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>> gMap = registry.get(registrant.getAppName());
        //不存在就创建
        if (gMap == null) {
            final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>> gNewMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>>();
            gMap = registry.putIfAbsent(registrant.getAppName(), gNewMap);
            if (gMap == null) {
                gMap = gNewMap;
            }
        }
        //查看这个app的这个实例是否已存在
        Lease<InstanceInfo> existingLease = gMap.get(registrant.getId());

        if (existingLease != null && (existingLease.getHolder() != null)) {
            //如果已存在,对比时间戳,保留比较新的实例信息......
        } else {
            // 如果不存在,证明是一个新的实例
            //更新自我保护监控变量的值的代码.....

        }
        Lease<InstanceInfo> lease = new Lease<InstanceInfo>(registrant, leaseDuration);
        if (existingLease != null) {
            lease.setServiceUpTimestamp(existingLease.getServiceUpTimestamp());
        }
        //放入registry
        gMap.put(registrant.getId(), lease);

        //加入最近修改的记录队列
        recentlyChangedQueue.add(new RecentlyChangedItem(lease));
        //初始化状态,记录时间等相关代码......

        //主动让Response缓存失效
        invalidateCache(registrant.getAppName(), registrant.getVIPAddress(), registrant.getSecureVipAddress());
    } finally {
        read.unlock();
    }
}

总结起来,就是主要三件事:

1.将实例注册信息放入或者更新registry

2.将实例注册信息加入最近修改的记录队列

3.主动让Response缓存失效

我们来类比下服务取消

服务取消CANCEL

protected boolean internalCancel(String appName, String id, boolean isReplication) {
    try {
        //cancel虽然看上去好像是修改,但是这里用的是读锁,后面会解释
        read.lock();

        //从registry中剔除这个实例
        Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>> gMap = registry.get(appName);
        Lease<InstanceInfo> leaseToCancel = null;
        if (gMap != null) {
            leaseToCancel = gMap.remove(id);
        }
        if (leaseToCancel == null) {
            logger.warn("DS: Registry: cancel failed because Lease is not registered for: {}/{}", appName, id);
            return false;
        } else {
            //改变状态,记录状态修改时间等相关代码......
            if (instanceInfo != null) {
                instanceInfo.setActionType(ActionType.DELETED);
                //加入最近修改的记录队列
                recentlyChangedQueue.add(new RecentlyChangedItem(leaseToCancel));
            }
            //主动让Response缓存失效
            invalidateCache(appName, vip, svip);
            logger.info("Cancelled instance {}/{} (replication={})", appName, id, isReplication);
            return true;
        }
    } finally {
        read.unlock();
    }
}

总结起来,也是主要三件事:

1.从registry中剔除这个实例

2.将实例注册信息加入最近修改的记录队列

3.主动让Response缓存失效

这里我们注意到了这个最近修改队列,我们来详细看看

最近修改队列

这个最近修改队列和消费者定时获取服务实例列表有着密切的关系

private TimerTask getDeltaRetentionTask() {
    return new TimerTask() {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            Iterator<RecentlyChangedItem> it = recentlyChangedQueue.iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                if (it.next().getLastUpdateTime() <
                        System.currentTimeMillis() - serverConfig.getRetentionTimeInMSInDeltaQueue()) {
                    it.remove();
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

    };
}

这个RetentionTimeInMSInDeltaQueue默认是180s(配置是eureka.server.retention-time-in-m-s-in-delta-queue,默认是180s,官网写错了),可以看出这个队列是一个长度为180s的滑动窗口,保存最近180s以内的应用实例信息修改,后面我们会看到,客户端调用获取增量信息,实际上就是从这个queue中读取,所以可能一段时间内读取到的信息都是一样的。

Response缓存

Response缓存的实现类是ResponseCacheImpl,主要包括如下缓存field:

private final ConcurrentMap<Key, Value> readOnlyCacheMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<Key, Value>();
private final LoadingCache<Key, Value> readWriteCacheMap;

一个是guava的loadingcache,一个是普通的ConcurrentHashMap

这个loadingcache的初始化:

this.readWriteCacheMap = CacheBuilder.newBuilder().initialCapacity(1000)
    .expireAfterWrite(serverConfig.getResponseCacheAutoExpirationInSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .removalListener(new RemovalListener<Key, Value>() {
        @Override
        public void onRemoval(RemovalNotification<Key, Value> notification) {
            Key removedKey = notification.getKey();
            if (removedKey.hasRegions()) {
                Key cloneWithNoRegions = removedKey.cloneWithoutRegions();
                regionSpecificKeys.remove(cloneWithNoRegions, removedKey);
            }
        }
    })
    .build(new CacheLoader<Key, Value>() {
        @Override
        public Value load(Key key) throws Exception {
            if (key.hasRegions()) {
                Key cloneWithNoRegions = key.cloneWithoutRegions();
                regionSpecificKeys.put(cloneWithNoRegions, key);
            }
            Value value = generatePayload(key);
            return value;
        }
    });

对于每个不存在的Key,会首先初始化,主要是调用generatePayload这个方法:

private Value generatePayload(Key key) {
    Stopwatch tracer = null;
    try {
        String payload;
        switch (key.getEntityType()) {
            case Application:
                boolean isRemoteRegionRequested = key.hasRegions();

                if (ALL_APPS.equals(key.getName())) {
                    //获取所有应用信息
                    if (isRemoteRegionRequested) {
                        tracer = serializeAllAppsWithRemoteRegionTimer.start();
                        payload = getPayLoad(key, registry.getApplicationsFromMultipleRegions(key.getRegions()));
                    } else {
                        tracer = serializeAllAppsTimer.start();
                        payload = getPayLoad(key, registry.getApplications());
                    }
                } else if (ALL_APPS_DELTA.equals(key.getName())) {
                    //获取所有应用增量信息
                    if (isRemoteRegionRequested) {
                        tracer = serializeDeltaAppsWithRemoteRegionTimer.start();
                        versionDeltaWithRegions.incrementAndGet();
                        versionDeltaWithRegionsLegacy.incrementAndGet();
                        payload = getPayLoad(key,
                                registry.getApplicationDeltasFromMultipleRegions(key.getRegions()));
                    } else {
                        tracer = serializeDeltaAppsTimer.start();
                        versionDelta.incrementAndGet();
                        versionDeltaLegacy.incrementAndGet();
                        payload = getPayLoad(key, registry.getApplicationDeltas());
                    }
                } else {
                    //获取单个应用信息
                    tracer = serializeOneApptimer.start();
                    payload = getPayLoad(key, registry.getApplication(key.getName()));
                }
                break;

            //其他类型我们不关心,先忽略掉相关代码
        }
        return new Value(payload);
    } finally {
        if (tracer != null) {
            tracer.stop();
        }
    }
}

获取所有应用信息,是从registry中直接拿registry.getApplications(),核心方法是getApplicationsFromMultipleRegions,看下简化过的源码:

public Applications getApplicationsFromMultipleRegions(String[] remoteRegions) {

    boolean includeRemoteRegion = null != remoteRegions && remoteRegions.length != 0;

    Applications apps = new Applications();
    apps.setVersion(1L);
    //将registry中的信息封装好放入Applications
    for (Entry<String, Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>>> entry : registry.entrySet()) {
        Application app = null;

        if (entry.getValue() != null) {
            for (Entry<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>> stringLeaseEntry : entry.getValue().entrySet()) {
                Lease<InstanceInfo> lease = stringLeaseEntry.getValue();
                if (app == null) {
                    app = new Application(lease.getHolder().getAppName());
                }
                app.addInstance(decorateInstanceInfo(lease));
            }
        }
        if (app != null) {
            apps.addApplication(app);
        }
    }
    //读取其他Region的Apps信息,我们目前不关心,略过这部分代码......

    //设置AppsHashCode,在之后的介绍中,我们会提到,客户端读取到之后会对比这个AppsHashCode
    apps.setAppsHashCode(apps.getReconcileHashCode());
    return apps;
}

获取所有应用增量信息,registry.getApplicationDeltas():

public Applications getApplicationDeltas() {
    Applications apps = new Applications();
    apps.setVersion(responseCache.getVersionDelta().get());
    Map<String, Application> applicationInstancesMap = new HashMap<String, Application>();
    try {
        //这里读取用的是写锁,下面我们就会解释为何这么用
        write.lock();

        //遍历recentlyChangedQueue,获取所有增量信息
        Iterator<RecentlyChangedItem> iter = this.recentlyChangedQueue.iterator();
        logger.debug("The number of elements in the delta queue is :"
                + this.recentlyChangedQueue.size());
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Lease<InstanceInfo> lease = iter.next().getLeaseInfo();
            InstanceInfo instanceInfo = lease.getHolder();
            Object[] args = {instanceInfo.getId(),
                    instanceInfo.getStatus().name(),
                    instanceInfo.getActionType().name()};
            logger.debug(
                    "The instance id %s is found with status %s and actiontype %s",
                    args);
            Application app = applicationInstancesMap.get(instanceInfo
                    .getAppName());
            if (app == null) {
                app = new Application(instanceInfo.getAppName());
                applicationInstancesMap.put(instanceInfo.getAppName(), app);
                apps.addApplication(app);
            }
            app.addInstance(decorateInstanceInfo(lease));
        }

        //读取其他Region的Apps信息,我们目前不关心,略过这部分代码......

        Applications allApps = getApplications(!disableTransparentFallback);
        //设置AppsHashCode,在之后的介绍中,我们会提到,客户端读取到之后更新好自己的Apps缓存之后会对比这个AppsHashCode,如果不一样,就会进行一次全量Apps信息请求
        apps.setAppsHashCode(allApps.getReconcileHashCode());
        return apps;
    } finally {
        write.unlock();
    }
}

为何这里读写锁这么用,首先我们来分析下这个锁保护的对象是谁,可以很明显的看出,是recentlyChangedQueue这个队列。那么谁在修改这个队列,谁又在读取呢?
每个服务实例注册,取消的时候,都会修改这个队列,这个队列是多线程修改的。但是读取,只有loadingcache的ALL_APPS_DELTAkey初始化线程会读取,而且在缓存失效前都不会再有线程读取。所以可以归纳为,多线程频繁修改,但是单线程不频繁读取。
如果没有锁,那么recentlyChangedQueue在遍历读取时如果遇到修改,就会抛出并发修改异常。如果用writeLock锁住多线程修改,那么同一时间只有一个线程能修改,效率不好。所以。利用读锁锁住多线程修改,利用写锁锁住单线程读取正好符合这里的场景。

前面提到,EurekaClient的查询请求,都是从ResponseCache中获取(从ResponseCache本身缓存的就是请求)。ResponseCache还包括readOnlyCacheMap,这个默认时启用的,就是用户请求会先从readOnlyCacheMap读取,如果readOnlyCacheMap中不存在,则从上面介绍的readWriteCacheMap中获取,之后再放入readOnlyCacheMap。

Value getValue(final Key key, boolean useReadOnlyCache) {
    Value payload = null;
    try {
        if (useReadOnlyCache) {
            final Value currentPayload = readOnlyCacheMap.get(key);
            if (currentPayload != null) {
                payload = currentPayload;
            } else {
                payload = readWriteCacheMap.get(key);
                readOnlyCacheMap.put(key, payload);
            }
        } else {
            payload = readWriteCacheMap.get(key);
        }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        logger.error("Cannot get value for key :" + key, t);
    }
    return payload;
}

还有个定时任务:每隔只读缓存刷新时间将ReadWriteMap的信息复制到ReadOnlyMap上面:这个readOnlyCacheMap里面数据是定时从readWriteCacheMap中拷贝出来的:

 private TimerTask getCacheUpdateTask() {
    return new TimerTask() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            logger.debug("Updating the client cache from response cache");
            for (Key key : readOnlyCacheMap.keySet()) {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    Object[] args = {key.getEntityType(), key.getName(), key.getVersion(), key.getType()};
                    logger.debug("Updating the client cache from response cache for key : {} {} {} {}", args);
                }
                try {
                    CurrentRequestVersion.set(key.getVersion());
                    Value cacheValue = readWriteCacheMap.get(key);
                    Value currentCacheValue = readOnlyCacheMap.get(key);
                    if (cacheValue != currentCacheValue) {
                        readOnlyCacheMap.put(key, cacheValue);
                    }
                } catch (Throwable th) {
                    logger.error("Error while updating the client cache from response cache", th);
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

在本篇最开始的时候提到register和cancel都会主动失效对应的ResponseCache,这个主动失效的源代码是:

public void invalidate(String appName, @Nullable String vipAddress, @Nullable String secureVipAddress) {
    for (Key.KeyType type : Key.KeyType.values()) {
        for (Version v : Version.values()) {

            //对于任意一个APP缓存失效,都要让对应的APP请求响应,全量APP信息请求响应,增量APP信息请求响应失效
            invalidate(
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, appName, type, v, EurekaAccept.full),
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, appName, type, v, EurekaAccept.compact),
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, ALL_APPS, type, v, EurekaAccept.full),
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, ALL_APPS, type, v, EurekaAccept.compact),
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, ALL_APPS_DELTA, type, v, EurekaAccept.full),
                    new Key(Key.EntityType.Application, ALL_APPS_DELTA, type, v, EurekaAccept.compact)
            );
            if (null != vipAddress) {
                invalidate(new Key(Key.EntityType.VIP, vipAddress, type, v, EurekaAccept.full));
            }
            if (null != secureVipAddress) {
                invalidate(new Key(Key.EntityType.SVIP, secureVipAddress, type, v, EurekaAccept.full));
            }
        }
    }
}

public void invalidate(Key... keys) {
    for (Key key : keys) {
        logger.debug("Invalidating the response cache key : {} {} {} {}, {}",
                key.getEntityType(), key.getName(), key.getVersion(), key.getType(), key.getEurekaAccept());

        readWriteCacheMap.invalidate(key);
        Collection<Key> keysWithRegions = regionSpecificKeys.get(key);
        if (null != keysWithRegions && !keysWithRegions.isEmpty()) {
            for (Key keysWithRegion : keysWithRegions) {
                logger.debug("Invalidating the response cache key : {} {} {} {} {}",
                        key.getEntityType(), key.getName(), key.getVersion(), key.getType(), key.getEurekaAccept());
                readWriteCacheMap.invalidate(keysWithRegion);
            }
        }
    }
}

在readWriteCacheMap中使对应的APP请求响应,全量APP信息请求响应,增量APP信息请求响应失效后,下次请求,就会再读取registry生成。对于registry,新加入的应用或者实例会被读取到。对于cancel,退出的应用或者实例也会被去除掉

所以,总结起来,用下面这张图展示下EurekaServer 重要缓存和对应的请求:

image

  • 0
    点赞
  • 4
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 3
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论 3
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值