机器学习

1.项目介绍

机器学习（Machine Learning）正在广泛应用于各种领域，不断学习，充实自己，才能跟上步伐。

在Gihub发现了一个项目，作者写了自己的学习过程，图文并茂，由浅入深，有完整的Python代码，非常值得借鉴。但英文读起来不方便，因此，我和小伙伴一起，把它翻译成了中文，截至目前，包含以下内容：

• 数据预处理

• 简单线性回归

• 多元线性回归

• 逻辑回归

• k近邻法（k-NN）

• 支持向量机（SVM）

• 决策树

• 随机森林

项目地址：

https://github.com/MachineLearning100/100-Days-Of-ML-Code

2.例子

支持向量机（support vector machine）：

Python代码：

#Day13: Support Vector Machine (SVM)



#Importing the libraries

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pandas as pd



#Importing the dataset

dataset = pd.read_csv('../datasets/Social_Network_Ads.csv')

X = dataset.iloc[:, [2, 3]].values

y = dataset.iloc[:, 4].values



#Splitting the dataset into the Training set and Test set

from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.25, random_state = 0)



#Feature Scaling

from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler

sc = StandardScaler()

X_train = sc.fit_transform(X_train)

X_test = sc.transform(X_test)



#Fitting SVM to the Training set

from sklearn.svm import SVC

classifier = SVC(kernel = 'linear', random_state = 0)

classifier.fit(X_train, y_train)



#Predicting the Test set results

y_pred = classifier.predict(X_test)



#Making the Confusion Matrix

from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix

cm = confusion_matrix(y_test, y_pred)



#Visualising the Training set results

from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap

X_set, y_set = X_train, y_train

X1, X2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(start = X_set[:, 0].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 0].max() + 1, step = 0.01),

                     np.arange(start = X_set[:, 1].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 1].max() + 1, step = 0.01))

plt.contourf(X1, X2, classifier.predict(np.array([X1.ravel(), X2.ravel()]).T).reshape(X1.shape),

             alpha = 0.75, cmap = ListedColormap(('red', 'green')))

plt.xlim(X1.min(), X1.max())

plt.ylim(X2.min(), X2.max())

for i, j in enumerate(np.unique(y_set)):

    plt.scatter(X_set[y_set == j, 0], X_set[y_set == j, 1],

                c = ListedColormap(('red', 'green'))(i), label = j)

plt.title('SVM (Training set)')

plt.xlabel('Age')

plt.ylabel('Estimated Salary')

plt.legend()

plt.show()



#Visualising the Test set results

from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap

X_set, y_set = X_test, y_test

X1, X2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(start = X_set[:, 0].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 0].max() + 1, step = 0.01),

                     np.arange(start = X_set[:, 1].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 1].max() + 1, step = 0.01))

plt.contourf(X1, X2, classifier.predict(np.array([X1.ravel(), X2.ravel()]).T).reshape(X1.shape),

             alpha = 0.75, cmap = ListedColormap(('red', 'green')))

plt.xlim(X1.min(), X1.max())

plt.ylim(X2.min(), X2.max())

for i, j in enumerate(np.unique(y_set)):

    plt.scatter(X_set[y_set == j, 0], X_set[y_set == j, 1],

                c = ListedColormap(('red', 'green'))(i), label = j)

plt.title('SVM (Test set)')

plt.xlabel('Age')

plt.ylabel('Estimated Salary')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

输出结果：