1、Future取得的结果类型和Callable返回的结果类型必须一致,这是通过泛型来实现的。
2、Callable要采用ExecutorSevice的submit方法提交,返回的future对象可以取消任务。
3、CompletionService用于提交一组Callable任务,其take方法返回已完成的一个Callable任务对应的Future对象。
(1) 好比我同时种了几块地的麦子,然后就等待收割。收割时,则是那块先成熟了,则先去收割哪块麦子。
输出:
2、Callable要采用ExecutorSevice的submit方法提交,返回的future对象可以取消任务。
3、CompletionService用于提交一组Callable任务,其take方法返回已完成的一个Callable任务对应的Future对象。
(1) 好比我同时种了几块地的麦子,然后就等待收割。收割时,则是那块先成熟了,则先去收割哪块麦子。
例子程序:
- package edu.java5.threadpool;
- import java.util.Random;
- import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
- import java.util.concurrent.CompletionService;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.Future;
- public class CallableAndFuture {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
- /*
- * threadPool的execute(Runnable)方法调用不能返回结果,submit(Callable)方法调用可以返回结果,
- * 返回的结果封装在Future对象中
- */
- Future<String> future = threadPool.submit(new Callable<String>() {
- @Override
- public String call() throws Exception {
- Thread.sleep(2000);
- return "hello";
- }
- });
- System.out.println("等待结果...");
- //通过调用future.get()取得结果
- try {
- //future.get()下面的代码须取得后才能被执行
- System.out.println("取得结果:"+future.get());
- System.out.println("已经取得!");
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (ExecutionException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- /**
- * CompletionService用于提交一组Callable任务,其take方法返回已完成的一个Callable任务对应的Future对象。
- **/
- ExecutorService threadPool2 = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
- CompletionService<Integer> completionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<Integer>(threadPool2);
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- final int seq = i;
- completionService.submit(new Callable<Integer>() {
- @Override
- public Integer call() throws Exception {
- Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(6000));
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" execute the Callable and return "+seq);
- return seq;
- }
- });
- }
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- try {
- System.err.println(completionService.take().get());
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (ExecutionException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- System.out.println("全部取完!");
- }
- }
- 等待结果...
- 取得结果:hello
- 已经取得!
- pool-2-thread-6 execute the Callable and return 5
- 5
- pool-2-thread-8 execute the Callable and return 7
- 7
- pool-2-thread-9 execute the Callable and return 8
- 8
- pool-2-thread-10 execute the Callable and return 9
- 9
- pool-2-thread-2 execute the Callable and return 1
- 1
- pool-2-thread-5 execute the Callable and return 4
- 4
- pool-2-thread-1 execute the Callable and return 0
- 0
- pool-2-thread-7 execute the Callable and return 6
- 6
- pool-2-thread-3 execute the Callable and return 2
- 2
- pool-2-thread-4 execute the Callable and return 3
- 3
- 全部取完!