【JVM】基于BTrace的监控调试

BTrace简介

• BTrace可以动态地向目标应用程序的字节码注入追踪代码
• JavaComplierApi、JVMTI、Agent、Instrumentation+ASM

BTrace安装入门

本机安装

• 新建环境变量BTRACE_HOME
• 添加Path：%BTRACE_HOME%\bin

插件安装

BTrace使用详解

编写脚本需要用到的依赖

	<dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.btrace</groupId>
            <artifactId>btrace-agent</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.11</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>E:\btrace-bin-1.3.11\build\btrace-agent.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.btrace</groupId>
            <artifactId>btrace-boot</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.11</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>E:\btrace-bin-1.3.11\build\btrace-boot.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.btrace</groupId>
            <artifactId>btrace-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.11</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>E:\btrace-bin-1.3.11\build\btrace-client.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>

运行脚本方式

• 再JVisualVM中添加BTrace插件，添加classpath

• 使用命令行btrace <trace_script>

拦截方法

• 普通方法 @OnMethod(clazz=“”,method=“”)

普通类方法

	@RequestMapping("/ch4/arg1")
	public String arg1(@RequestParam("name")String name) {
		return "hello,"+name;
	}

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintArgSimple {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="arg1",
	        //Kind.ENTRY 在入口出拦截
	        location=@Location(Kind.ENTRY)
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, AnyType[] args) {
		BTraceUtils.printArray(args);
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

启动程序并访问：<http://localhost:12345/ch4/arg1

拦截效果：

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• 构造函数 @OnMethod(clazz=“”,method=“”)

构造方法

	//user类的构造函数
	@RequestMapping("/constructor")
	public User constructor(User user) {
		return user;
	}

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintConstructor {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter2.User",
	        method="<init>"
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, AnyType[] args) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn);
		BTraceUtils.printArray(args);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

启动并访问：http://localhost:12345/ch4/constructor?name=imooc&id=2

拦截效果：

• 拦截同名函数，用参数区分

同名方法

	@RequestMapping("/same1")
	public String same(@RequestParam("name")String name) {
		return "hello,"+name;
	}
	@RequestMapping("/same2")
	public String same(@RequestParam("name")String name,@RequestParam("id")int id) {
		return "hello,"+name+","+id;
	}

拦截smae2的@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintSame {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="same"
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, String name) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn + "," + name);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

启动并访问请求：http://localhost:12345/ch4/same1?name=imooc4

拦截效果：

拦截smae2的@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintSame {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="same"
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, String name,int a) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn + "," + name +a);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

启动并访问请求：http://localhost:12345/ch4/same2?name=imooc4&id=3

拦截效果：

拦截时机

• Kind.ENTRY：入口、默认值
• Kind.RETURN：返回
• Kind.THROW：异常
• Kind.Line：行

拦截this、参数、返回值

• this：@Self
• 入参：可以用AnyType，也可以用真实类型，同名的用真实的类型
• 返回：@Return

默认拦截入口地方

拦截返回值

	@RequestMapping("/ch4/arg1")
	public String arg1(@RequestParam("name")String name) {
		return "hello,"+name;
	}

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintReturn {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="arg1",
	        location=@Location(Kind.RETURN)
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, @Return AnyType result) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn + "," + result);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

拦截异常

	@RequestMapping("/exception")
	public String exception() {
		try {
			System.out.println("start...");
			System.out.println(1/0);
			System.out.println("end...");
		}catch(Exception e) {
			//
		}
		return "success";
	}

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace 
public class PrintOnThrow {    
    // store current exception in a thread local
    // variable (@TLS annotation). Note that we can't
    // store it in a global variable!
    @TLS 
    static Throwable currentException;

    // introduce probe into every constructor of java.lang.Throwable
    // class and store "this" in the thread local variable.
    @OnMethod(
        clazz="java.lang.Throwable",
        method="<init>"
    )
    public static void onthrow(@Self Throwable self) {//new Throwable()
        currentException = self;
    }

    @OnMethod(
        clazz="java.lang.Throwable",
        method="<init>"
    )
    public static void onthrow1(@Self Throwable self, String s) {//new Throwable(String msg)
        currentException = self;
    }

    @OnMethod(
        clazz="java.lang.Throwable",
        method="<init>"
    )
    public static void onthrow1(@Self Throwable self, String s, Throwable cause) {//new Throwable(String msg, Throwable cause)
        currentException = self;
    }

    @OnMethod(
        clazz="java.lang.Throwable",
        method="<init>"
    )
    public static void onthrow2(@Self Throwable self, Throwable cause) {//new Throwable(Throwable cause)
        currentException = self;
    }

    // when any constructor of java.lang.Throwable returns
    // print the currentException's stack trace.
    @OnMethod(
        clazz="java.lang.Throwable",
        method="<init>",
        location=@Location(Kind.RETURN)
    )
    public static void onthrowreturn() {
        if (currentException != null) {
        	BTraceUtils.Threads.jstack(currentException);
        	BTraceUtils.println("=====================");
            currentException = null;
        }
    }
}

启动并访问请求：http://localhost:12345/ch4/exception

针对上面的异常类进行拦截行号

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintLine {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="exception",
			//判断有没有执行到指定行号
			//location=@Location(value=Kind.LINE, line=35)
			//打印所有行号
	        location=@Location(value=Kind.LINE, line=-1)
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, int line) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn + "," +line);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

其他

• 打印行号：Kind.Line
• 打印堆栈：Threads.jstack()
• 打印环境变量

打印环境变量@BTrace

@BTrace
public class PrintJinfo {
    static {
    	BTraceUtils.println("System Properties:");
    	BTraceUtils.printProperties();
    	BTraceUtils.println("VM Flags:");
    	BTraceUtils.printVmArguments();
    	BTraceUtils.println("OS Enviroment:");
    	BTraceUtils.printEnv();
    	BTraceUtils.exit(0);
    }
}

获取对象的值

• 简单类型：直接获取
• 复杂类型：反射，类名+属性名

拦截复杂类型

	@RequestMapping("/ch4/arg2")
	public User arg2(User user) {
		return user;
	}

@BTrace脚本

@BTrace
public class PrintArgComplex {
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="arg2",
	        location=@Location(Kind.ENTRY)
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn, User user) {
		//print all fields
		BTraceUtils.printFields(user);
		//print one field
		Field filed2 = BTraceUtils.field("com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter2.User", "name");
		//利用反射
		BTraceUtils.println(BTraceUtils.get(filed2, user));
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

启动并访问请求：http://localhost:12345/ch4/arg2?name=imoc&id=1

如果遇到如下错误：

需要指定chapter2的位置

拦截正则表达式

@BTrace
public class PrintRegex {
	
	@OnMethod(
	        clazz="com.imooc.monitor_tuning.chapter4.Ch4Controller",
	        method="/.*/"
	)
	public static void anyRead(@ProbeClassName String pcn, @ProbeMethodName String pmn) {
		BTraceUtils.println(pcn+","+pmn);
		BTraceUtils.println();
    }
}

利用BTrace插件进行监控调试

注意事项

• 默认只能本地运行
• 生产环境下可以使用，但是被修改的字节码不会被还原
• @BTrace脚本中尽量不要出现中文汉字