JPA的多对多关系

以学生和老师为例：

一个学生有多个老师；一个老师又可以有多个学生；

如此即为：多对多

1 、

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" 
 version="1.0"> 

 <persistence-unit name="manyToMany" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> 
	 <properties> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect" /> 
	
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="x" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="x" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@x.x.x.x:1521:dbmaster" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="5" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size" value="20" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="10" /> 
	
	 	<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false" /> 
	 </properties> 
 </persistence-unit> 
</persistence>

persistence.xml

2、学生类

package com.icloudsoft.entity.manyTomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="students")
public class Student {
	//关系维护端
	
	private Integer id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private Set<Teacher> teachers=new HashSet<Teacher>();
	
	
	public Student() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
	
	public Student(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}


	@Id @GeneratedValue
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@Column(length=15,nullable=false)
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	@ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH)
	@JoinTable(name="student_teacher",inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="t_id"),
	joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="s_id"))
	public Set<Teacher> getTeachers() {
		return teachers;
	}
	public void setTeachers(Set<Teacher> teachers) {
		this.teachers = teachers;
	}
	
	public void addTeacher(Teacher teacher){
		this.teachers.add(teacher);
	}
	
	public void removeTeacher(Teacher teacher){
		if(this.teachers.contains(teacher)){
			this.teachers.remove(teacher);
		}
	}
}

3、教师类

package com.icloudsoft.entity.manyTomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="teachers")
public class Teacher {
	//关系被维护端
	
	private Integer id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private Set<Student> students=new HashSet<Student>();
	
	
	
	public Teacher() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
	
	public Teacher(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}


	@Id @GeneratedValue
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@Column(length=15,nullable=false)
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	@ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH,mappedBy="teachers")
	public Set<Student> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}
	public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}

	//方法重载  使用id作为判断标准
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	//方法重载    使用id作为判断标准
	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Teacher other = (Teacher) obj;
		if (id == null) {
			if (other.id != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
			return false;
		return true;
	}
	
	
}

4、测试类

执行test方法即可生成三张表

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>@Test
	public void test() {

		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		
		factory.close();
	}

@Test
	public void produceEntity() {
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		//System.out.println(em);
		EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
		
		transaction.begin();
		
		em.persist(new Student("小乐"));
		em.persist(new Teacher("王师傅"));
		
		transaction.commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
	}

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//**
	 * 建立关系
	 *//*
	@Test
	public void buildTS() {
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
		
		transaction.begin();
		
		Student student = em.find(Student.class, 8);
		
		student.addTeacher(em.getReference(Teacher.class, 9));
		
		transaction.commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
	}
	//**
	 * 解除关系
	 *//
	@Test
	public void deleteTS() {
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
		
		transaction.begin();
		
		Student student = em.find(Student.class, 6);
		
		student.removeTeacher(em.getReference(Teacher.class, 7));
		
		transaction.commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
	}
	//**
	 * 如果直接(解除关联关系前)删除关系被维护端对象，就会报错：
	 * javax.persistence.RollbackException: Error while commiting the transaction
	at org.hibernate.ejb.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:71)
	at junit.test.ManyToManyTest.deleteTeacher(ManyToManyTest.java:97)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
	at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:96)
	at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
	at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:275)
	at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:268)
	at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:189)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:321)
	at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:51)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1216)
	at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:383)
	at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:133)
	at org.hibernate.ejb.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:54)
	... 24 more
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: ORA-02292: 违反完整约束条件 (HRZY_TEST.FKD4E389DE847B4C13) - 已找到子记录

	at oracle.jdbc.driver.DatabaseError.throwBatchUpdateException(DatabaseError.java:343)
	at oracle.jdbc.driver.OraclePreparedStatement.executeBatch(OraclePreparedStatement.java:10656)
	at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:70)
	at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:268)
	... 32 more


	 * 
	 * 
	 * 
	 *//
	@Test
	public void deleteTeacher(){
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
		
		transaction.begin();
		
		Student student = em.find(Student.class, 6);
		
		Teacher teacher = em.getReference(Teacher.class, 7);
		
		student.removeTeacher(teacher);
		
		em.remove(teacher);
		
		transaction.commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
		
	}
	@Test
	public void deleteStudent(){
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("manyToMany");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
		
		transaction.begin();
		
		Student student = em.find(Student.class, 8);
		
		em.remove(student);
		
		transaction.commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
	}
}