1、解决方案:URL重写
response.encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url) 用于对sendRedirect方法后的url地址进行重写。
response.encodeURL(java.lang.String url)用于对表单action和超链接的url地址进行重写
2、小案例
/**
* 测试session
* @param request
* @param response
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getSession2", method = { RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET })
public void getSession2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
System.out.println("===重写后sessionId:"+session.getId());
}
/**
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getSession1", method = { RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET })
public void getSession1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
System.out.println("===重写前sessionId:"+session.getId());
String url = response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath()+"/test/getSession2");
System.out.println(url);
response.sendRedirect(url);
}
不禁用cookie,页面正常
禁用cookie
控制台都输出如下
===重写前sessionId:1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j
/yhloanBackstage/test/getSession2;jsessionid=1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j
===重写后sessionId:1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j
3、范例:禁用Cookie后servlet共享Session中的数据
IndexServlet
1 package xdp.gacl.session; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import java.io.PrintWriter; 5 import java.util.LinkedHashMap; 6 import java.util.Map; 7 import java.util.Set; 8 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 12 13 //首页:列出所有书 14 public class IndexServlet extends HttpServlet { 15 16 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 17 throws ServletException, IOException { 18 19 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); 20 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); 21 //创建Session 22 request.getSession(); 23 out.write("本网站有如下书:<br/>"); 24 Set<Map.Entry<String,Book>> set = DB.getAll().entrySet(); 25 for(Map.Entry<String,Book> me : set){ 26 Book book = me.getValue(); 27 String url =request.getContextPath()+ "/servlet/BuyServlet?id=" + book.getId(); 28 //response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)用于对表单action和超链接的url地址进行重写 29 url = response.encodeURL(url);//将超链接的url地址进行重写 30 out.println(book.getName() + " <a href='"+url+"'>购买</a><br/>"); 31 } 32 } 33 34 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 35 throws ServletException, IOException { 36 doGet(request, response); 37 } 38 } 39 40 41 /** 42 * @author gacl 43 * 模拟数据库 44 */ 45 class DB{ 46 private static Map<String,Book> map = new LinkedHashMap<String,Book>(); 47 static{ 48 map.put("1", new Book("1","javaweb开发")); 49 map.put("2", new Book("2","spring开发")); 50 map.put("3", new Book("3","hibernate开发")); 51 map.put("4", new Book("4","struts开发")); 52 map.put("5", new Book("5","ajax开发")); 53 } 54 55 public static Map<String,Book> getAll(){ 56 return map; 57 } 58 } 59 60 class Book{ 61 62 private String id; 63 private String name; 64 65 public Book() { 66 super(); 67 } 68 public Book(String id, String name) { 69 super(); 70 this.id = id; 71 this.name = name; 72 } 73 public String getId() { 74 return id; 75 } 76 public void setId(String id) { 77 this.id = id; 78 } 79 public String getName() { 80 return name; 81 } 82 public void setName(String name) { 83 this.name = name; 84 } 85 }
BuyServlet
1 package xdp.gacl.session; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import java.util.ArrayList; 5 import java.util.List; 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 11 12 public class BuyServlet extends HttpServlet { 13 14 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 15 throws ServletException, IOException { 16 String id = request.getParameter("id"); 17 Book book = DB.getAll().get(id); //得到用户想买的书 18 HttpSession session = request.getSession(); 19 List<Book> list = (List) session.getAttribute("list"); //得到用户用于保存所有书的容器 20 if(list==null){ 21 list = new ArrayList<Book>(); 22 session.setAttribute("list", list); 23 } 24 list.add(book); 25 //response. encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url)用于对sendRedirect方法后的url地址进行重写 26 String url = response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath()+"/servlet/ListCartServlet"); 27 System.out.println(url); 28 response.sendRedirect(url); 29 } 30 31 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 32 throws ServletException, IOException { 33 doGet(request, response); 34 } 35 36 }
ListCartServlet
1 package xdp.gacl.session; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import java.io.PrintWriter; 5 import java.util.List; 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 11 12 public class ListCartServlet extends HttpServlet { 13 14 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 15 throws ServletException, IOException { 16 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); 17 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); 18 HttpSession session = request.getSession(); 19 List<Book> list = (List) session.getAttribute("list"); 20 if(list==null || list.size()==0){ 21 out.write("对不起,您还没有购买任何商品!!"); 22 return; 23 } 24 25 //显示用户买过的商品 26 out.write("您买过如下商品:<br>"); 27 for(Book book : list){ 28 out.write(book.getName() + "<br/>"); 29 } 30 } 31 32 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 33 throws ServletException, IOException { 34 doGet(request, response); 35 } 36 }
在禁用了cookie的IE8下的运行效果如下:
通过查看IndexServlet生成的html代码可以看到,每一个超链接后面都带上了session的Id,如下所示
1 本网站有如下书:<br/>javaweb开发 <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=1'>购买</a><br/> 2 spring开发 <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=2'>购买</a><br/> 3 hibernate开发 <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=3'>购买</a><br/> 4 struts开发 <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=4'>购买</a><br/> 5 ajax开发 <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=5'>购买</a><br/>
所以,当浏览器禁用了cookie后,就可以用URL重写这种解决方案解决Session数据共享问题。而且response. encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url) 和response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)是两个非常智能的方法,当检测到浏览器没有禁用cookie时,那么就不进行URL重写了。我们在没有禁用cookie的火狐浏览器下访问,效果如下:
从演示动画中可以看到,浏览器第一次访问时,服务器创建Session,然后将Session的Id以Cookie的形式发送回给浏览器,response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)方法也将URL进行了重写,当点击刷新按钮第二次访问,由于火狐浏览器没有禁用cookie,所以第二次访问时带上了cookie,此时服务器就可以知道当前的客户端浏览器并没有禁用cookie,那么就通知response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)方法不用将URL进行重写了。