绘制K线图

代码如下：

"""
demo01_k.py  绘制k线图
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as mp
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.dates as md

def dmy2ymd(dmy):
	# 把日月年字符串转为年月日字符串
	dmy = str(dmy, encoding='utf-8')
	d = dt.datetime.strptime(dmy, '%d-%m-%Y').date()
	ymd = d.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
	return ymd


# 加载文件
dates, opening_prices, highest_prices, \
lowest_prices, closing_prices = \
    np.loadtxt('/home/tarena/zhengsixu/data_analysis/day3/素材/da_data/aapl.csv',
	delimiter=',', usecols=(1, 3, 4, 5, 6),
	unpack=True, dtype='M8[D], f8, f8, f8, f8',
	converters={1:dmy2ymd})

# 绘制收盘价的折线图
mp.figure('AAPL', facecolor='lightgray')
mp.title('AAPL', fontsize=18)
mp.xlabel('Date', fontsize=14)
mp.ylabel('Price', fontsize=14)
mp.grid(linestyle=':')
mp.tick_params(labelsize=10)
# 设置刻度定位器
ax = mp.gca()

#每周一一个主刻度
maloc = md.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=md.MO)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(maloc)
# 设置主刻度日期的格式
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(
	md.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))

#DayLocator:每天一个次刻度
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(md.DayLocator())

# 把dates的数据类型改为matplotlib的日期类型
dates = dates.astype(md.datetime.datetime)

# 绘制收盘价
mp.plot(dates, closing_prices, 
	label='Closing Prices', linewidth=2,
	color='dodgerblue', linestyle='--',
	alpha=0.3)

# 绘制蜡烛图
# 调整颜色
rise = closing_prices >= opening_prices
# color = np.zeros(rise.size, dtype='U5')
# color[:] = 'green'
# color[rise] = 'white'
# print(color)

color = np.array(
	[('white' if x else 'green') \
	for x in rise])
ecolor = np.array(
	[('red' if x else 'green') \
	for x in rise])

# 绘制实体
heights = closing_prices - opening_prices
mp.bar(dates, heights, 0.8, 
	opening_prices, color=color,
	edgecolor=ecolor, zorder=3,align='center')
# 绘制影线
mp.vlines(dates, lowest_prices, 
	highest_prices, color=ecolor)


mp.legend()
mp.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
mp.show()

呈现效果：