otsu大津法

int Otsu(unsigned char* src,int Height,int Width)    
{            

    //histogram    
    float histogram[256] = {0};    
    for(int i=0; i < Height; i++)  
    {    
        unsigned char* p=src + Width * i;    
        for(int j = 0; j < Width; j++)   
        {    
            histogram[*p++]++;    
        }    
    }    
    //normalize histogram    
    int size = Height * Width;    
    for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++)  
    {    
        histogram[i] = histogram[i] / size;    //直方图归一化
    }    

    //average pixel value    
    float avgValue=0;    
    for(int i=0; i < 256; i++)  
    {    
        avgValue += i * histogram[i];  //整幅图像的平均灰度  
    }     

    int threshold;      
    float maxVariance=0;    
    float w = 0, u = 0;    
    for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++)   
    {    
        w += histogram[i];  //假设当前灰度i为阈值, 0~i 灰度的像素(假设像素值在此范围的像素叫做前景像素) 所占整幅图像的比例  
        u += i * histogram[i];  // (u / w)即为灰度i之前的像素(0~i)的平均灰度值： 前景像素的平均灰度值  

        float t = avgValue * w - u;    
        float variance = t * t / (w * (1 - w) );    //由公式g=w0*(u0-u)^2+w1(u1-u)^2约等于g=w0*w1*(u0-u1)^2推导而来
        if(variance > maxVariance)   
        {    
            maxVariance = variance;    
            threshold = i;    
        }    
    }    

    return threshold;    
}   


int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[])
{
    int nRetCode = 0;

    HMODULE hModule = ::GetModuleHandle(NULL);

    if (hModule != NULL)
    {
        // 初始化 MFC 并在失败时显示错误
        if (!AfxWinInit(hModule, NULL, ::GetCommandLine(), 0))
        {
            // TODO: 更改错误代码以符合您的需要
            _tprintf(_T("错误: MFC 初始化失败\n"));
            nRetCode = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            // TODO: 在此处为应用程序的行为编写代码。
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // TODO: 更改错误代码以符合您的需要
        _tprintf(_T("错误: GetModuleHandle 失败\n"));
        nRetCode = 1;
    }

    CxImage image;
    image.Load("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\LENA512.BMP");

    int Width = image.GetWidth();
    int Height = image.GetHeight();
    int Band = image.GetBpp()/8;

    if(1 != Band)
    {
        cout<<"Band Must Be One"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }

    unsigned char* src = new unsigned char[Width * Height];
//  unsigned char* src = new unsigned char[Width * Height];
    int i, j;
    uint8_t gray;
    for(i = 0;i < Height;++i)
    {
        for(j = 0;j < Width;++j)
        {
            gray = image.GetPixelGray(j,Height - i - 1);

            src[i * Width + j] = gray;
        }
    }
    int Threshold;
    Threshold = Otsu(src,Height,Width);     //大津法查找阈值
    for(int i = 0;i < Height;++i)
    {
        for(int j = 0;j < Width;++j)
        {
            if(src[i * Width + j] >= Threshold)
                src[i * Width + j] = 255;       //后景为255
            else
                src[i * Width + j] = 0;         //前景为0，这样效果更好
        }
    }

    CxImage outImage;
    outImage.Create(Width,Height,24);
    RGBQUAD color;
    for(i = 0;i < Height;++i)
    {
        for(j = 0;j < Width;++j)
        {
            color.rgbRed = src[i * Width + j];
            color.rgbGreen = src[i * Width + j];
            color.rgbBlue = src[i * Width + j];
//          outImage.SetPixelIndex(i,j, dst[i * Width + j]);
            outImage.SetPixelColor(j,Height - i - 1,color);
        }
    }
    cout<<"图像写入完成"<<endl;
    outImage.Save("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\Ostu.bmp",CXIMAGE_FORMAT_BMP);
    getchar();

    return nRetCode;
}