iOS网络编程(六)NSURLSession详解

#import "HMTRootViewController.h"

010. #import "HMTAppDelegate.h"

011.  

012.  

013. @interface HMTRootViewController ()

014.  

015. @property (nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *imageView;

016. @property (nonatomic,strong)UIProgressView *progressIndicator;

017.  

018. @property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSession *urlSession;         //  普通会话

019. //@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSession *backgroundSession;  //  后台会话

020. @property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *sessionDownloadTask;  //  下载Task

021. @property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *resumableTask;        //  恢复下载Task

022. @property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *backgroundTask;       //  后台下载Task

023. @property (nonatomic,strong)NSData *partialData;   //  下载的局部数据

024.  

025. @end

026.  

027. @implementation HMTRootViewController

028.  

029. - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil

030. {

031. self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];

032. if (self) {

033. // Custom initialization

034. }

035. return self;

036. }

037.  

038. - (void)viewDidLoad{

039.  

040. [super viewDidLoad];

041.  

042. self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 64, 320, 300)];

043. [self.view addSubview:_imageView];

044.  

045. self.progressIndicator = [[UIProgressView alloc] initWithProgressViewStyle:UIProgressViewStyleDefault];

046. _progressIndicator.frame = CGRectMake(50, 500, 220, 50);

047. [self.view addSubview:_progressIndicator];

048.  

049. UIButton *cancleButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];

050. cancleButton.frame = CGRectMake(120, 400, 40, 40);

051. [cancleButton setTitle:@"取消" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

052. [cancleButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickCancleButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

053. [self.view addSubview:cancleButton];

054.  

055. UIButton *downloadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];

056. downloadButton.frame = CGRectMake(20, 400, 40, 40);

057. [downloadButton setTitle:@"下载" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

058. [downloadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickDownloadButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

059. [self.view addSubview:downloadButton];

060.  

061. UIButton *uploadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];

062. uploadButton.frame = CGRectMake(70, 400, 40, 40);

063. [uploadButton setTitle:@"上传" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

064. [uploadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickUploadButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

065. [self.view addSubview:uploadButton];

066.  

067. UIButton *resumableButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];

068. resumableButton.frame = CGRectMake(180, 400, 40, 40);

069. [resumableButton setTitle:@"恢复" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

070. [resumableButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickResuableButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

071. [self.view addSubview:resumableButton];

072.  

073. UIButton *backgroundLoadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];

074. backgroundLoadButton.frame = CGRectMake(220, 400, 80, 40);

075. [backgroundLoadButton setTitle:@"后台下载" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

076. [backgroundLoadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickBackgroundButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

077. [self.view addSubview:backgroundLoadButton];

078.  

079.  

080. #pragma mark - 如果我们需要利用NSURLSession进行数据传输我们需要：

081. /**

082. *  创建一个NSURLSessionConfiguration，用于创建NSSession时设置工作模式(3种)

083. *  (1)一般模式（default）：工作模式类似于原来的NSURLConnection，可以使用缓存的Cache，Cookie，鉴权。

084. *  (2)及时模式（ephemeral）：不使用缓存的Cache，Cookie，鉴权。

085. *  (3)后台模式（background）：在后台完成上传下载，创建Configuration对象的时候需要给一个NSString的ID用于追踪完成工作的Session是哪一个

086. */

087. NSURLSessionConfiguration *sessionConfig = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

088.  

089. /**

090. *  @网络设置：参考NSURLConnection中的设置项

091. *  两种创建方法(目前不太懂什么区别)

092. *  (1)就是根据刚才创建的Configuration创建一个Session，系统默认创建一个新的OperationQueue处理Session的消息

093. *  (2)可以设定回调的delegate（注意这个回调delegate会被强引用），并且可以设定delegate在哪个OperationQueue回调，如果我们将其

094. *     设置为[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]就能在主线程进行回调非常的方便

095. */

096. //NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig];

097. self.urlSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];

098. NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.bizhiwa.com/uploads/allimg/2012-01/22021207-1-311536.jpg"];

099. NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

100.  

101. /**

102. *  NSURLSessionUploadTask：上传用的Task，传完以后不会再下载返回结果；

103. *  NSURLSessionDownloadTask：下载用的Task；

104. *  NSURLSessionDataTask：可以上传内容，上传完成后再进行下载。

105. */

106. self.sessionDownloadTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithRequest:request];

107.  

108. //  同NSURLConnection一样,有代理方法也就有block方法

109. //    [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {

110. //    }];

111.  

112. }

113.  

114. #pragma mark 点击下载

115. - (void)didClickDownloadButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{

116.  

117. // 因为任务默认是挂起状态，需要恢复任务（执行任务）

118. [_sessionDownloadTask resume];

119.  

120. }

121.  

122. #pragma mark 点击上传

123. - (void)didClickUploadButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{

124.  

125. //判断imageView是否有内容

126. if (_imageView.image == nil) {

127.  

128. NSLog(@"image view is empty");

129. return;

130.  

131. }

132.  

133. // 0. 上传之前在界面上添加指示符

134. UIActivityIndicatorView *indicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithActivityIndicatorStyle:UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleGray];

135. // 设置位置???

136. CGSize size = _imageView.bounds.size;

137. indicator.center = CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, size.height / 2.0);

138. [self.imageView addSubview:indicator];

139. [indicator startAnimating];

140.  

141. // 1. URL

142. NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.bizhiwa.com/uploads/allimg/2012-01/22021207-1-311536.jpg"];

143.  

144. // 2. Request -> PUT,request的默认操作是GET

145. NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:5.0f];

146. request.HTTPMethod = @"PUT";

147.  

148. // *** 设置网络请求的身份验证! ***

149.  

150. // 1> 授权字符串

151.  

152. NSString *authStr = @"admin:123456";

153.  

154. // 2> BASE64的编码,避免数据在网络上以明文传输

155. // iOS中,仅对NSData类型的数据提供了BASE64的编码支持

156. NSData *authData = [authStr dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

157. NSString *encodeStr = [authData base64EncodedStringWithOptions:NSDataBase64EncodingEndLineWithCarriageReturn];

158. NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", encodeStr];

159. [request setValue:authValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];

160.  

161. // 3. Session

162. NSURLSessionConfiguration *sessionConfig = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

163. NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];

164.  

165. // 4. UploadTask

166. NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(_imageView.image, 0.75);

167. //  应用block的请求方式

168. NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:imageData completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {

169.  

170. // 上传完成后,data参数转换成string就是服务器返回的内容

171.  

172. NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

173. NSLog(@"OK -> %@", str);

174.  

175. [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:5.0f];

176.  

177. dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

178.  

179. [indicator stopAnimating];

180. [indicator removeFromSuperview];

181.  

182. });

183.  

184. }];

185.  

186. // 因为任务默认是挂起状态，需要恢复任务（执行任务）

187. [uploadTask resume];

188. }

189.  

190. #pragma mark 点击取消

191. //  NSURLConnection一旦发送是没法取消的。但是，我们可以很容易的取消掉一个NSURLSessionTask任务

192. - (void)didClickCancleButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{

193.  

194. /**

195. *  当取消后，会回调这个URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError:代理方法，通知你去及时更新UI。当取消一个任务后，也

196. *  十分可能会再一次回调这个代理方法URLSession:downloadTask:didWriteData:BytesWritten:totalBytesExpectedToWrite:

197. *  当然，didComplete 方法肯定是最后一个回调的。

198. */

199. //    if (_sessionDownloadTask) {

200. //       

201. //        //  取消下载请求

202. //        [_sessionDownloadTask cancel];

203. //        _sessionDownloadTask = nil;

204. //    }

205.  

206. if (!self.sessionDownloadTask) {

207.  

208. //  停止下载任务,把待恢复的数据保存到一个变量中，方便后面恢复下载使用

209. [self.sessionDownloadTask cancelByProducingResumeData:^(NSData *resumeData) {

210.  

211. self.partialData = resumeData;

212. self.sessionDownloadTask = nil;

213.  

214. }];

215. }

216. }

217.  

218. #pragma mark  恢复下载(断点续传)

219. - (void)didClickResuableButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{

220.  

221. if (self.partialData) {

222.  

223. self.sessionDownloadTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithResumeData:self.partialData];

224. self.partialData = nil;

225.  

226. }else{

227.  

228. NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://pic4.duowan.com/wow/1002/130782267821/130782458426.jpg"]];

229. self.resumableTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithRequest:request];

230.  

231. }

232.  

233. [self.sessionDownloadTask resume];

234.  

235. }

236.  

237. #pragma mark 后台下载模式

238. - (void)didClickBackgroundButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{

239.  

240. NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dldir1.<;a href="http://www.it165.net/qq/" target="_blank" class="keylink">qq</a>.com/<a href="http://www.it165.net/qq/" target="_blank" class="keylink">qq</a>file/QQforMac/QQ_V3.1.2.dmg"]];

241. self.backgroundTask = [[self backgroundSession] downloadTaskWithRequest:request];

242.  

243. [self.backgroundTask resume];

244. }

245.  

246. #pragma mark - NSURLSessionDownloadTaskDelegate

247. //  下载完成

248. - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location{

249.  

250. /**

251. *******->appDelegete里面的方法

252. typedef void(^MyBlock)();

253. @property (copy, nonatomic) MyBlock backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler;

254. //  后台请求结束时调用的方法

255. - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession:(NSString *)identifier completionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler{

256.  

257. self.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler = completionHandler;

258. }

259.  

260. */

261. //  如果是后台NSURLSession,后台请求结束后会调用这个方法,通知你应该更新UI了

262. if (session == [self backgroundSession]) {

263.  

264. self.backgroundTask = nil;

265. HMTAppDelegate *appDelegate = (HMTAppDelegate *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;

266. if (appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler) {

267.  

268. void(^handler)() = appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler;

269. appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler = nil;

270. handler();

271. }

272.  

273. }

274.  

275. //  这里的缓存处理做的不好,大家按自己的方法处理就行,还有图片的存储以它本身的URL路径为准,这样是不会有重复的

276. NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

277. NSURL *cachesURLPath = [[fileManager URLsForDirectory:NSCachesDirectory inDomains:NSUserDomainMask] lastObject];

278. //  根据URL获取到下载的文件名,拼接成沙盒的存储路径(location是下载的临时文件目录,在tmp文件夹里面)

279. NSURL *destinationPath = [cachesURLPath URLByAppendingPathComponent:[location lastPathComponent]];

280.  

281. NSError *error = nil;

282. BOOL success = [fileManager moveItemAtURL:location toURL:destinationPath error:&error];

283. [fileManager removeItemAtURL:location error:NULL];

284.  

285. //  location是下载的临时文件目录,将文件从临时文件夹复制到沙盒

286. //    BOOL success = [fileManager copyItemAtURL:location toURL:destinationPath error:&error];

287. if (success) {

288.  

289. dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

290.  

291. UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[destinationPath path]];

292. self.imageView.image = image;

293. //  UIImageView会自动裁剪图片适应它的frame,下面这个属性就是展示原图

294. self.imageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;

295.  

296. });

297. }

298.  

299. }

300.  

301. //  不管任务是否成功，在完成后都会回调这个代理方法

302. - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error{

303.  

304. //  如果error是nil，则证明下载是成功的，否则就要通过它来查询失败的原因。如果下载了一部分，这个error会包含一个NSData对象，如果后面要恢复任务可以用到

305. if (error == nil) {

306.  

307. dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

308.  

309. self.progressIndicator.hidden = YES;

310. });

311. }

312.  

313. }

314.  

315. //  传输进度

316. - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didWriteData:(int64_t)bytesWritten totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite{

317.  

318. double currentValue = totalBytesWritten / (double)totalBytesExpectedToWrite;

319. dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

320. NSLog(@"%f",currentValue);

321. self.progressIndicator.hidden = NO;

322. self.progressIndicator.progress = currentValue;

323. });

324. }

325.  

326. //  未知

327. - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didResumeAtOffset:(int64_t)fileOffset expectedTotalBytes:(int64_t)expectedTotalBytes{

328.  

329. }

330.  

331. #pragma mark - NSURLSession另一个重要的特性：即使当应用不在前台时，你也可以继续传输任务。当然，我们的会话模式也要为后台模式

332. - (NSURLSession *)backgroundSession{

333.  

334. //  通过给的后台token，我们只能创建一个后台会话，所以这里使用dispatch once block

335. static NSURLSession *backgroundSession = nil;

336. static dispatch_once_t onceToken;

337. dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{

338.  

339. NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration backgroundSessionConfiguration:@"com.shinobicontrols.BackgroundDownload.BackgroundSession"];

340. backgroundSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];

341.  

342. });

343.  

344. return backgroundSession;

345. }

346.  

347. - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning

348. {

349. [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];

350. // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

351. }

352.  

353. /*

354. #pragma mark - Navigation

355.  

356. // In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation

357. - (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender

358. {

359. // Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].

360. // Pass the selected object to the new view controller.

361. }

362. */

363.  

364. @end