Python 截图快捷键截图，一个基于PyQt5的截图，简易截图，自由截图 --pyqt5 入门

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-25 17:20:42 发布

纳鲁托

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-25 17:20:42 发布

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47440418/article/details/108837426?utm_medium=distribute.pc_feed.none-task-blog-personrec_tag-13.nonecase&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_feed.none-task-blog-personrec_tag-13.nonecase&request_id=5fa6e96c3af9143251b5d250

版权

使用PyQt5实现一个简易的截图工具，按下快捷键就可以进行截图

需要安装的包：

pip install PyQt5
pip install keyboard

思路
截取全屏的图片并保存下来
把截取的图片显示出来，再加上一层阴影
用鼠标选取需要截取的内容并保存下来
选取的部分去掉阴影显示出来
把图片变成图片文件存储起来

具体步骤
1、初始化窗口，设置鼠标监听，设置十字光标，还有就是设置窗口无边框和窗口全屏。

def initWindow(self):
self.setMouseTracking(True) # 鼠标追踪
self.setCursor(Qt.CrossCursor) # 设置光标
self.setWindowFlag(Qt.FramelessWindowHint) # 窗口无边框
self.setWindowState(Qt.WindowFullScreen) # 窗口全屏

2、获取全屏的图片。

def captureFullScreen(self):
self.fullScreenImage = QGuiApplication.primaryScreen().grabWindow(QApplication.desktop().winId())

3、填充步骤一获取到的全屏图片到窗口，并重写paintEvent事件，使用QPainter来绘制全屏的图片到窗口。

def paintBackgroundImage(self):
shadowColor = QColor(0, 0, 0, 100) # 黑色半透明
self.painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.fullScreenImage)
self.painter.fillRect(self.fullScreenImage.rect(), shadowColor) # 填充矩形阴影

def paintEvent(self, event):
self.painter.begin(self) # 开始重绘
self.paintBackgroundImage()
penColor = QColor(30, 144, 245) # 画笔颜色
self.painter.setPen(QPen(penColor, 1, Qt.SolidLine, Qt.RoundCap)) # 设置画笔,蓝色,1px大小,实线,圆形笔帽
if self.isMousePressLeft is True:
pickRect = self.getRectangle(self.beginPosition, self.endPosition) # 获得要截图的矩形框
self.captureImage = self.fullScreenImage.copy(pickRect) # 捕获截图矩形框内的图片
self.painter.drawPixmap(pickRect.topLeft(), self.captureImage) # 填充截图的图片
self.painter.drawRect(pickRect) # 画矩形边框
self.painter.end() # 结束重绘

4、完善步骤三中使用到的getRectangle()函数，意思时鼠标选取需要截取的区域，利用paintEvent在窗口上显示出来。

def getRectangle(self, beginPoint, endPoint):
pickRectWidth = int(qAbs(beginPoint.x() - endPoint.x()))
pickRectHeight = int(qAbs(beginPoint.y() - endPoint.y()))
pickRectTop = beginPoint.x() if beginPoint.x() < endPoint.x() else endPoint.x()
pickRectLeft = beginPoint.y() if beginPoint.y() < endPoint.y() else endPoint.y()
pickRect = QRect(pickRectTop, pickRectLeft, pickRectWidth, pickRectHeight)
# 避免高度宽度为0时候报错
if pickRectWidth == 0:
pickRect.setWidth(2)
if pickRectHeight == 0:
pickRect.setHeight(2)

return pickRect

5、重写鼠标和键盘事件，鼠标左键点击开始记录坐标，鼠标左键释放记录结束的坐标，传递给paintEvent中的getRectangle()，开始坐标和结束坐标形成的矩形就是我们需要截图的区域，鼠标双击或者按Enter都可以保存图片，如果开始截图了，没有选取，按一次右键直接退出截图(或者按ESC也可以)，如果选取了要截图的区域，按一次右键重新开始截图，类似于QQ截图。

def mousePressEvent(self, event):
if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton:
self.beginPosition = event.pos() # 记录选取区域开始的坐标
self.isMousePressLeft = True
if event.button() == Qt.RightButton:
# 如果选取了图片,则按一次右键开始重新截图
if self.captureImage is not None:
self.captureImage = None
self.paintBackgroundImage()
self.update() # update的作用是调用paintEvent
else:
self.close() # 关闭窗口

def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
if self.isMousePressLeft is True:
self.endPosition = event.pos() # 选取区域结束坐标
self.update()

def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
self.endPosition = event.pos() #记录选取区域结束的坐标
self.isMousePressLeft = False

def mouseDoubleClickEvent(self, event):
if self.captureImage is not None:
self.saveImage() # 保存截图图片
self.close() # 关闭窗口

def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if event.key() == Qt.Key_Escape:
self.close() # 关闭窗口
if event.key() == Qt.Key_Enter or event.key() == Qt.Key_Return:
if self.captureImage is not None:
self.saveImage() # 保存截图图片
self.close() # 关闭窗口

6、保存图片

def saveImage(self):
    self.captureImage.save('picture.png')   # 保存图片到当前文件夹中

以下是全部代码
import sys
import keyboard
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, qAbs, QRect
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPen, QPainter, QColor, QGuiApplication

class CaptureScreen(QWidget):
# 初始化变量
beginPosition = None
endPosition = None
fullScreenImage = None
captureImage = None
isMousePressLeft = None
painter = QPainter()

def __init__(self):
    super(QWidget, self).__init__()
    self.initWindow()   # 初始化窗口
    self.captureFullScreen()    # 获取全屏

def initWindow(self):
    self.setMouseTracking(True)     # 鼠标追踪
    self.setCursor(Qt.CrossCursor)  # 设置光标
    self.setWindowFlag(Qt.FramelessWindowHint)  # 窗口无边框
    self.setWindowState(Qt.WindowFullScreen)    # 窗口全屏

def captureFullScreen(self):
    self.fullScreenImage = QGuiApplication.primaryScreen().grabWindow(QApplication.desktop().winId())

def mousePressEvent(self, event):
    if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton:
        self.beginPosition = event.pos()
        self.isMousePressLeft = True
    if event.button() == Qt.RightButton:
        # 如果选取了图片,则按一次右键开始重新截图
        if self.captureImage is not None:
            self.captureImage = None
            self.paintBackgroundImage()
            self.update()
        else:
            self.close()

def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
    if self.isMousePressLeft is True:
        self.endPosition = event.pos()
        self.update()

def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
    self.endPosition = event.pos()
    self.isMousePressLeft = False

def mouseDoubleClickEvent(self, event):
    if self.captureImage is not None:
        self.saveImage()
        self.close()

def keyPressEvent(self, event):
    if event.key() == Qt.Key_Escape:
        self.close()
    if event.key() == Qt.Key_Enter or event.key() == Qt.Key_Return:
        if self.captureImage is not None:
            self.saveImage()
            self.close()

def paintBackgroundImage(self):
    shadowColor = QColor(0, 0, 0, 100)  # 黑色半透明
    self.painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.fullScreenImage)
    self.painter.fillRect(self.fullScreenImage.rect(), shadowColor)     # 填充矩形阴影

def paintEvent(self, event):
    self.painter.begin(self)    # 开始重绘
    self.paintBackgroundImage()
    penColor = QColor(30, 144, 245)     # 画笔颜色
    self.painter.setPen(QPen(penColor, 1, Qt.SolidLine, Qt.RoundCap))    # 设置画笔,蓝色,1px大小,实线,圆形笔帽
    if self.isMousePressLeft is True:
        pickRect = self.getRectangle(self.beginPosition, self.endPosition)   # 获得要截图的矩形框
        self.captureImage = self.fullScreenImage.copy(pickRect)         # 捕获截图矩形框内的图片
        self.painter.drawPixmap(pickRect.topLeft(), self.captureImage)  # 填充截图的图片
        self.painter.drawRect(pickRect)     # 画矩形边框
    self.painter.end()  # 结束重绘

def getRectangle(self, beginPoint, endPoint):
    pickRectWidth = int(qAbs(beginPoint.x() - endPoint.x()))
    pickRectHeight = int(qAbs(beginPoint.y() - endPoint.y()))
    pickRectTop = beginPoint.x() if beginPoint.x() < endPoint.x() else endPoint.x()
    pickRectLeft = beginPoint.y() if beginPoint.y() < endPoint.y() else endPoint.y()
    pickRect = QRect(pickRectTop, pickRectLeft, pickRectWidth, pickRectHeight)
    # 避免高度宽度为0时候报错
    if pickRectWidth == 0:
        pickRect.setWidth(2)
    if pickRectHeight == 0:
        pickRect.setHeight(2)

    return pickRect

def saveImage(self):
    self.captureImage.save('picture.png', quality=95)   # 保存图片到当前文件夹中

if name == “main”:
keyboard.wait(hotkey=‘f4’) # 按F4开始截图
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windows = CaptureScreen()
windows.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())