MQTT学习笔记之Mosquitto的安装和使用

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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux环境下下载并安装Mosquitto MQTT服务，包括所需依赖库的安装，以及解决常见错误的方法。同时，提供了客户端订阅和发布消息的C语言示例代码，帮助读者快速上手。

Mosquitto下载地址：https://mosquitto.org/download/

Mosquitto依赖库安装：

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install libc-ares-dev
sudo apt-get install uuid-dev

Mosquitto安装：

//解压
$ tar zxvf mosquitto-1.6.6.tar.gz
$ cd mosquitto-1.6.6
$ make
$ sudo make install

如果出现error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

//创建链接
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmosquitto.so.1 /usr/lib/libmosquitto.so.1
//更新链接
$ sudo ldconfig

Mosquitto使用：

进入命令行界面

1、启动mosquitto服务器

mosquitto -v

2、订阅消息（如topic）

mosquitto_sub -v -t topic

3、发布消息

mosquitto_pub -t topic -m good

客户端（订阅消息）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <mosquitto.h>
#include <string.h>

#define HOST "localhost"
#define PORT  1883
#define KEEP_ALIVE 60

bool session = true;

void my_message_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *userdata, const struct mosquitto_message *message)
{
    if(message->payloadlen){
        printf("%s %s", message->topic, message->payload);
    }else{
        printf("%s (null)\n", message->topic);
    }
    fflush(stdout);
}

void my_connect_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *userdata, int result)
{
    int i;
    if(!result){
        /* Subscribe to broker information topics on successful connect. */
        mosquitto_subscribe(mosq, NULL, "Gai", 2);
    }else{
        fprintf(stderr, "Connect failed\n");
    }
}

void my_subscribe_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *userdata, int mid, int qos_count, const int *granted_qos)
{
    int i;
    printf("Subscribed (mid: %d): %d", mid, granted_qos[0]);
    for(i=1; i<qos_count; i++){
        printf(", %d", granted_qos[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

void my_log_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *userdata, int level, const char *str)
{
    /* Pring all log messages regardless of level. */
    printf("%s\n", str);
}

int main()
{
    struct mosquitto *mosq = NULL;
    //libmosquitto 库初始化
    mosquitto_lib_init();
    //创建mosquitto客户端
    mosq = mosquitto_new(NULL,session,NULL);
    if(!mosq){
        printf("create client failed..\n");
        mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }
    //设置回调函数，需要时可使用
    mosquitto_log_callback_set(mosq, my_log_callback);
    mosquitto_connect_callback_set(mosq, my_connect_callback);
    mosquitto_message_callback_set(mosq, my_message_callback);
    mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set(mosq, my_subscribe_callback);
    //客户端连接服务器
    if(mosquitto_connect(mosq, HOST, PORT, KEEP_ALIVE)){
        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to connect.\n");
        return 1;
    }
    //循环处理网络消息
    mosquitto_loop_forever(mosq, -1, 1);

    mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
    mosquitto_lib_cleanup();

    return 0;
}

客户端（发布消息）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <mosquitto.h>
#include <string.h>

#define HOST "localhost"
#define PORT  1883
#define KEEP_ALIVE 60
#define MSG_MAX_SIZE  512

bool session = true;

int main()
{
    char buff[MSG_MAX_SIZE];
    struct mosquitto *mosq = NULL;
    //libmosquitto 库初始化
    mosquitto_lib_init();
    //创建mosquitto客户端
    mosq = mosquitto_new(NULL,session,NULL);
    if(!mosq){
        printf("create client failed..\n");
        mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }
    //连接服务器
    if(mosquitto_connect(mosq, HOST, PORT, KEEP_ALIVE)){
        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to connect.\n");
        return 1;
    }
	while(fgets(buff, MSG_MAX_SIZE, stdin) != NULL)
    {
		/*发布消息*/
		mosquitto_publish(mosq,NULL,"Gai",strlen(buff)+1,buff,0,0);
		memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
    }
    mosquitto_loop_forever(mosq, -1, 1);
    mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
    mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
    return 0;
}

参考文献：

https://blog.csdn.net/dancer__sky/article/details/77855249