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1. 在表中插入符合主键

[sql]

/*成绩表*/ 

CREATE TABLE SC 

( 

Sid INT REFERENCES Student(Sid), /*学生学号*/ 

Cid INT REFERENCES Course(Cid), /*课程编号*/ 

Score INT NOT NULL , /*课程分数*/ 

PRIMARY KEY (Sid,Cid) /*将学生学号和课程编号设为复合主键*/ 

) 

 

2. 查询各科成绩最高分，最低分以及平均分

[sql]

SELECT c.Cname, MAX (s.Score) AS Max , MIN (s.Score) AS Min , AVG (s.Score) AS Average  

FROM Course c JOIN SC s ON c.Cid = s.Cid  

GROUP BY c.Cname  

/*此处应注意，若不按照c.Cname进行分组，SQL语句会报错，c.Cname在SELECT语句中不合法，因为它 

并未出现在聚合函数中也没有出现在GROUP BY语句中*/ 

 

 

3. 查询平均成绩大于80分的学生姓名以及平均成绩

[sql]

SELECT Sname, AVG (Score) AS Average FROM Student JOIN SC  

ON Student.Sid=SC.Sid  

GROUP BY Sname 

HAVING AVG (Score)>80  

/*以聚合函数为条件进行删选只能在HAVING语句中进行，WHERE语句不支持聚合函数*/ 

 

 

4. 查询各学生都选了多少门课

[sql]

SELECT Sname, COUNT (Cid) AS TOTAL_COURSE FROM Student  

LEFT JOIN SC ON Student.Sid=SC.Sid 

GROUP BY Sname 

/*使用LEFT JOIN可以将一门课也没有选的学生也查询出来， 

若不加LEFT查不出DAISY和SHERRY*/ 

 

 

5. 查询没有选JANE老师课的学生信息

[sql]

SELECT s.Sid,s.Sname,s.Sage,s.Sage FROM Student s  

WHERE s.Sid NOT IN  

( SELECT s.Sid FROM SC s JOIN Course c ON s.Cid=c.Cid  

JOIN Teacher t ON c.Tid=t.Tid  

WHERE t.Tname= 'JANE' ) 

/*子查询中查询出所有选择JANE老师课的学生学号， 

主查询去查询在学生表中但不在子查询结果集中的学生信息*/ 

 

 

6. 查询既选择了COMPUTER课程，又选择了MATH课程的学生信息

[sql]

SELECT s.Sid,s.Sname,s.Sage,s.Ssex FROM STUDENT s  

JOIN SC ss ON s.Sid=ss.Sid 

JOIN Course c ON ss.Cid=c.Cid WHERE c.Cname= 'COMPUTER' 

INTERSECT 

SELECT s.Sid,s.Sname,s.Sage,s.Ssex FROM STUDENT s  

JOIN SC ss ON s.Sid=ss.Sid 

JOIN Course c ON ss.Cid=c.Cid WHERE c.Cname= 'MATH' 

/*第一个查询查询出选择COMPUTER课程的学生信息， 

第二个查询查询出选择MATH课程的学生信息， 

用INTERSECT关键字取交集*/ 

 

 

7. 查询COMPUTER课程比MATH课程分数高的学生学号

[sql]

SELECT a.Sid FROM  

( SELECT s.Sid,s.Score FROM SC s JOIN Course c ON s.Cid=c.Cid WHERE c.Cname= 'COMPUTER' ) a 

JOIN 

( SELECT s.Sid,s.Score FROM SC s JOIN Course c ON s.Cid=c.Cid WHERE c.Cname= 'MATH' ) b 

ON a.Sid=b.Sid 

WHERE a.Score>b.Score 

/*将选了COMPUTER课的学生学号和成绩和选了MATH课的学生学号和成绩连接 

WHERE语句限制COMPUTER课的成绩高于MATH课*/ 

 

 

8. 查询和JOHN选的课相同的学生信息

[sql]

SELECT Student.Sname FROM Student JOIN SC ON Student.Sid=SC.Sid 

WHERE SC.Cid IN 

( SELECT SC.Cid FROM SC JOIN Student ON SC.Sid=Student.Sid WHERE Student.Sname= 'JOHN' ) /*查询选了的课JOHN也都选了的学生的姓名*/ 

AND Student.Sname<> 'JOHN' /*限制该学生不能是JOHN本人*/ 

GROUP BY Student.Sname  

HAVING COUNT (SC.Cid)= 

( SELECT COUNT (*) FROM SC JOIN Student ON SC.Sid=Student.Sid WHERE Student.Sname= 'JOHN' ) /*该学生选的课程总数与JOHN选的课程总数相同*/ 

 

 

9. 按总分为学生排名，总分相同名次相同

[sql]

SELECT RANK() OVER ( ORDER BY SUM (ss.Score) DESC ) AS Rank, s.Sname, ISNULL ( SUM (ss.Score),0)  

FROM Student s LEFT JOIN SC ss  

ON s.Sid = ss.Sid  

GROUP BY s.Sname  

ORDER BY SUM (ss.Score) DESC 

/*RANK()是SQL Server的一个built-in函数，语法为 

RANK() OVER ( [ partition_by_clause ] order_by_clause ).*/ 

 

 

10. 查询总分在100至200之间的学生姓名及总分

[sql]

SELECT s.Sname, SUM (ss.Score) FROM Student s JOIN SC ss ON s.Sid=ss.Sid 

GROUP BY s.Sname HAVING SUM (ss.Score) BETWEEN 100 AND 200 

 

 

11. 查询总分第六到十名的学生姓名以及总分

[sql]

SELECT * FROM 

( SELECT TOP (5) * FROM 

( SELECT TOP (10) SC.Sid, SUM (SC.Score) AS SUM FROM SC GROUP BY SC.Sid ORDER BY SUM (SC.Score)) a 

ORDER BY a. SUM ) b 

ORDER BY b. SUM DESC 

/*SELECT TOP(10) SC.Sid,SUM(SC.Score) AS SUM FROM SC GROUP BY SC.Sid ORDER BY SUM(SC.Score)查询出总分前十名 

SELECT TOP(5) FROM (...) a ORDER BY a.SUM查询出成绩六到十名 

SELECT * FROM (...) b ORDER BY b.SUM DESC将结果倒序按照从高分到低分排列*/ 

 

 

12. 查询各科成绩的前三名以及分数

[sql]

SELECT s.Sid,s.Cid,s.Score FROM SC s  

WHERE s.Score IN  

( SELECT TOP (3) Score FROM SC WHERE s.Cid= Cid ORDER BY score DESC )  

ORDER BY s.Cid; 

/*从SC表中查询出学生学号，课程编号以及成绩，WHERE子句限制了查询出的记录成绩必须在子查询集合内 

子查询查询出了各科成绩的前三名并通过课程编号和主查询关联*/  

 

 

13. 查询有不及格科目的学生的姓名，不及格科目以及不及格科目成绩

[sql]

SELECT s.Sname,c.Cname,ss.Score FROM Student s JOIN SC ss ON s.Sid=ss.Sid JOIN Course c ON ss.Cid=c.Cid 

WHERE ss.Score<60 

 

 

14. 查询所有学生都选修的课程

[sql]

SELECT c.Cname FROM SC s JOIN Course c ON s.Cid=c.Cid  

GROUP BY c.Cname HAVING COUNT (s.Sid)=( SELECT COUNT (*) FROM Student) 

 

15. 查询选修了两门或以上的学生姓名及选修总科目

[sql]

SELECT s.Sname, COUNT (ss.Cid) AS TOTAL FROM Student s JOIN SC ss ON s.Sid=ss.Sid  

GROUP BY s.Sname HAVING COUNT (ss.Cid)>1