| Introduction: In this lab, I review the knowledge about the principle of narrow band frequency modulation and wide band frequency modulation. Then I used the LabVIEW to simulate the process and the result of narrow band frequency modulation and wide band frequency modulation. I also analysis the unexpected figure and strange impulse in the output figure. After that, I try to design a walkie talkie by using the knowledge of wide band frequency modulation. After completing designing the walkie talkie, I recorded some output files which were under different frequency deviation and signal noise ratio to compare the impact of these two parameters on quality of audio output. And I also find a method by using another element to get gaussian white noise quickly. Lab results & Analysis：
Figure 1 principle of NBFM modulation and demodulation
Figure 2 principle of NBFM demodulation
Figure 3 the program diagram
First of all, let’s check the parameters of the signals: The function and name of variables are noted on the top of the elements.
Figure 4 parameters of the signals
Figure 5 the waveform of baseband The signal is generated by us. It is a sinusoidal waveform function.
Figure 6 FM waveform We can use Carson’s rule to compute the bandwidth of the signal, Δf=200HZ fm=2500HZ β=Δffm=0.08 BW≈2fm=5000HZ We look at the figure we get, we can see the bandwidth of the signal is just like to equal to 5000HZ which we have computed by using Carson’s rule.
Figure 7 recovered signal In this figure, I don’ know the reason of the impulse occurs near the zero, this impulse is too large.
Figure 8 FM waveform in time domain This figure shows us the waveform of the FM signal in time domain. And we can put the baseband signal and FM signal in one diagram to compare them. The waveform obtained is consistent with our expectation, indicating that the simulation experiment is successful.
Figure 9 compare
Figure 10 principle of WBFM modulation
Figure 11 principle of WBFM demodulation
Figure 12 program diagram of WBFM
Figure 13 BWFM waveform And by looking at the picture, we know that the bandwidth of the signal is about 40000HZ. We can use Carson’ rule to estimate the bandwidth of the signal. Δf=16000HZ fm=2500HZ β=Δffm=6.4 BW≈2(fm+Δf)=37000HZ The bandwidth obtained is consistent with our expectation, indicating that the simulation experiment is successful.
Figure 14 BWFM waveform in time domain
Figure 15 demodulated BWFM signal The wide band frequency modulated signal is in the figure 12. The wide band frequency demodulated signal is in the figure 13. And we can find that the amplitude of signal after demodulation is much larger than modulated signal.
Because I have done the single side band walkie talkie, I think in some aspects, these two walkie talkies might work in the same way. So, I try to design this walkie talkie as same as the single side band walkie talkie.
Figure 16 The program diagram
First of all, let’s check the parameters of the signals: The function and name of variables are noted on the top of the elements.
Figure 17 parameters of the signals
Figure 18 FM waveform in frequency domain The FM waveform in frequency domain is showing in the figure 18. We can see the center frequency is about 100000HZ.
Figure 19 FM waveform in time domain FM waveform in time domain is a sinusoidal waveform function
Figure 20 demodulated signal in time domain We can clearly see that the waveform in figure 20 has several peeks which indicate the response of the sound signal.
Figure 21 demodulated signal in frequency domain We can see that the waveform in figure 21 has 12 peeks which indicate the response of the sound signal. Because the sound signal only has 12 words. This result indicate our simulation is successful in another aspect.
Figure 22 impact of these two parameters I recorded some output files which were under different frequency deviation and signal noise ratio to compare the impact of these two parameters on quality of audio output. After compare these sound files, I find: The quality of output sound increases with the increase of frequency deviation. The quality of output sound increases with the increase of SNR. The beat frequency deviation in my experiment is 96000HZ.
At the beginning of time domain, a strange impulse occurred in the figure. I try to reset the signal and change the type and orders of filter, but nothing changed. I can not to solve the question.
when we want to generate gaussian white noise, if we use element like this the process will be very slow and the computer will be crash easily. This problem bothered me for a long time. In order to improve the speed of my experiment, I need to find another way to generate a gaussian white noise. I find that if we use this element
In the last lab I designed an SSB walkie talkie, so I compare difference between two walkie talkies. I find that in the same sample frequency, quality of the output file of the WB walkie talkie is much better than the SSB walkie talkie. I think the reason is the WB walkie talkie contains more frequency components than SSB walkie talkie. But the modulation and demodulation process of WB walkie talkie are much more complex than SSB walkie talkie. |
| Experience
I found a way to generate a gaussian white noise quickly.
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the speed will be much faster than the element on the top.
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