用Python将mysql库表结构导成excel

1、将mysql库表结构导出成多个excel
/Users/nisj/PycharmProjects/BiDataProc/oldPythonBak/MysqlTabStrc2Excel/mysqlTab2moreExcel.py

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import xlwt
import MySQLdb
import warnings
import datetime
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

mysqlDb_config = {
    'host': '127.0.0.1',
    'user': 'root',
    'passwd': '123',
    'port': 3306,
    'db': 'tv'
}

today = datetime.date.today()
yesterday = today - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
tomorrow = today + datetime.timedelta(days=1)

def getDB(dbConfigName):
    dbConfig = eval(dbConfigName)
    try:
        conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=dbConfig['host'], user=dbConfig['user'], passwd=dbConfig['passwd'],
                               port=dbConfig['port'])
        conn.autocommit(True)
        curr = conn.cursor()
        curr.execute("SET NAMES utf8");
        curr.execute("USE %s" % dbConfig['db']);

        return conn, curr
    except MySQLdb.Error, e:
        print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
        return None, None

def mysqlTabStructure2excel(dbConfigName, tabName, schemaName, exportPath):
    # 边框的定义
    borders = xlwt.Borders()
    borders.left = 1
    borders.right = 1
    borders.top = 1
    borders.bottom = 1
    borders.bottom_colour = 0x3A
    # Initialize a style for frist row
    style_fristRow = xlwt.XFStyle()
    font = xlwt.Font()
    font.name = 'Times New Roman'
    font.bold = True
    font.colour_index = 1
    style_fristRow.font = font

    badBG = xlwt.Pattern()
    badBG.pattern = badBG.SOLID_PATTERN
    badBG.pattern_fore_colour = 6
    style_fristRow.pattern = badBG

    style_fristRow.borders = borders

    # Initialize a style for data row
    style_dataRow = xlwt.XFStyle()
    font = xlwt.Font()
    font.name = u'隶变-简 常规体'
    font.bold = False
    style_dataRow.font = font

    style_dataRow.borders = borders

    selectSql = "SELECT  TABLE_SCHEMA userName, \
    	table_name tabName, \
    	ORDINAL_POSITION colNo, \
    	COLUMN_NAME colName, \
    	COLUMN_TYPE dataType, \
    	IS_NULLABLE isNull, \
    	COLUMN_COMMENT colComment \
    FROM information_schema. COLUMNS \
    WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = '{schemaName}' \
    AND table_name = '{tabName}';".format(schemaName=schemaName, tabName=tabName)

    conn, curr = getDB(dbConfigName)
    curr.execute(selectSql)
    datas = curr.fetchall()
    fields = curr.description
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    sheet = workbook.add_sheet('{tabName}'.format(tabName=tabName[0:31]), cell_overwrite_ok=True)

    # 写上字段信息
    for field in range(0, len(fields)):
        sheet.write(0, field, fields[field][0], style_fristRow)

    # 获取并写入数据段信息
    row = 1
    col = 0
    for row in range(1, len(datas)+1):
        for col in range(0, len(fields)):
            sheet.write(row, col, u'%s' % datas[row-1][col], style_dataRow)

    workbook.save(r'{exportPath}/{exportName}.xls'.format(exportPath=exportPath, exportName=schemaName+'-'+tabName))

    curr.close()
    conn.close()

def getSchemaTab(dbConfigName, schemaName, exportPath):
    selectSql = "select TABLE_NAME tabName from information_schema.TABLES where TABLE_SCHEMA='{schemaName}';".format(schemaName=schemaName)
    conn, curr = getDB(dbConfigName)
    curr.execute(selectSql)
    datas = curr.fetchall()
    for tabName in datas:
        mysqlTabStructure2excel(dbConfigName, tabName[0], schemaName, exportPath)

# Batch Test
dbConfigName = 'mysqlDb_config'
schemaName = 'tv'
exportPath = '/Users/nisj/Desktop/excelFile/'
getSchemaTab(dbConfigName, schemaName, exportPath)

2、多个excel合并成一个excel
/Users/nisj/PycharmProjects/BiDataProc/oldPythonBak/MysqlTabStrc2Excel/moreExcelMergeOne.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 将多个Excel文件合并成一个
import xlrd
import xlsxwriter
import os

# 打开一个excel文件
def open_xls(file):
    fh = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
    return fh


# 获取excel中所有的sheet表
def getsheet(fh):
    return fh.sheets()


# 获取sheet表的行数
def getnrows(fh, sheet):
    table = fh.sheets()[sheet]
    return table.nrows


# 读取文件内容并返回行内容
def getFilect(file, shnum):
    fh = open_xls(file)
    table = fh.sheets()[shnum]
    num = table.nrows
    datavalue = []
    for row in range(num):
        rdata = table.row_values(row)
        datavalue.append(rdata)
    datavalue.append('') # 两元素间添加一空格
    return datavalue


# 获取sheet表的个数
def getshnum(fh):
    x = 0
    sh = getsheet(fh)
    for sheet in sh:
        x += 1
    return x


def searchFileOfDir(path, word):
    fpList = []
    for filename in os.listdir(path):
        fp = os.path.join(path, filename)
        if os.path.isfile(fp) and word in filename:
            fpList.append(fp)
    return fpList


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 定义要合并的excel文件列表
    path = '/Users/nisj/Desktop/excelFile/'
    word = 'tv'
    allxls = searchFileOfDir(path, word)

    # 存储所有读取的结果
    datavalues = []
    for fl in allxls:
        fh = open_xls(fl)
        x = getshnum(fh)
        for shnum in range(x):
            print("正在读取文件：" + str(fl) + "的第" + str(shnum) + "个sheet表的内容...")
            rvalue = getFilect(fl, shnum)
        datavalues.extend(rvalue)
    rvalue = datavalues

    # 定义最终合并后生成的新文件
    endfile = '/Users/nisj/Desktop/excelFile/excel3.xlsx'
    wb1 = xlsxwriter.Workbook(endfile)
    # 创建一个sheet工作对象
    ws = wb1.add_worksheet()

    format_title = wb1.add_format()  # 定义format格式对象
    format_title.set_border(1)  # 定义format对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式

    format_data = wb1.add_format()  # 定义format_title格式对象
    format_data.set_border(1)  # 定义format_title对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式
    format_data.set_bg_color('#cccccc')  # 定义format_title对象单元格背景颜色为
    format_data.set_align('center')  # 定义format_title对象单元格居中对齐的格式
    format_data.set_bold()  # 定义format_title对象单元格内容加粗的格式

    for a in range(len(rvalue)):
        for b in range(len(rvalue[a])):
            c = rvalue[a][b]
            if c in ('userName', 'tabName', 'colNo', 'colName', 'dataType', 'isNull', 'colComment'):
                ws.write(a, b, c, format_data)
            else:
                ws.write(a, b, c, format_title)
    wb1.close()
    print("文件合并完成")

3、相关说明
1中是将每个表结构导出成1个单独的excel;2中是将多个excel合并成一个，且 如果1中的一个excel中有多个sheet，也会一并处理。
后期可以对代码进行相应的优化，如定义成函数、excel格式样式的定义等。