学习Socket多线异步套接字WSAEVENTSELECT总结

WSAEVENTSOCKET多线程异步套接字I/O模型，比基于窗口消息的WSAASYNCSELECT异步套接字可以处理大量的客户连接、且不需要窗口。唯一的缺陷就是每个线程最多有64个事件的限制。

 

进入正题，回忆巩固所学：

首先定义数据结构；

 

// 套节字对象 typedef struct _SOCKET_OBJ { SOCKET s; // 套节字句柄 HANDLE event; // 与此套节字相关联的事件对象句柄 sockaddr_in addrRemote; // 客户端地址信息 _SOCKET_OBJ *pNext; // 指向下一个SOCKET_OBJ对象，为的是连成一个表 } SOCKET_OBJ, *PSOCKET_OBJ; // 线程对象 typedef struct _THREAD_OBJ { HANDLE events[WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS]; // 记录当前线程要等待的事件对象的句柄 int nSocketCount; // 记录当前线程处理的套节字的数量 <= WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS PSOCKET_OBJ pSockHeader; // 当前线程处理的套节字对象列表，pSockHeader指向表头 PSOCKET_OBJ pSockTail; // pSockTail指向表尾 CRITICAL_SECTION cs; // 关键代码段变量，为的是同步对本结构的访问 _THREAD_OBJ *pNext; // 指向下一个THREAD_OBJ对象，为的是连成一个表 } THREAD_OBJ, *PTHREAD_OBJ;

 

第二步，增加在数据结构上的操作：

 

// 申请一个套节字对象，初始化它的成员 PSOCKET_OBJ GetSocketObj(SOCKET s) { PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket = (PSOCKET_OBJ)::GlobalAlloc(GPTR, sizeof(SOCKET_OBJ)); if(pSocket != NULL) { pSocket->s = s; pSocket->event = ::WSACreateEvent(); } return pSocket; } // 释放一个套节字对象 void FreeSocketObj(PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket) { ::CloseHandle(pSocket->event); if(pSocket->s != INVALID_SOCKET) { ::closesocket(pSocket->s); } ::GlobalFree(pSocket); } // 申请一个线程对象，初始化它的成员，并将它添加到线程对象列表中 PTHREAD_OBJ GetThreadObj() { PTHREAD_OBJ pThread = (PTHREAD_OBJ)::GlobalAlloc(GPTR, sizeof(THREAD_OBJ)); if(pThread != NULL) { ::InitializeCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); // 创建一个事件对象，用于指示该线程的句柄数组需要重组 pThread->events[0] = ::WSACreateEvent(); // 将新申请的线程对象添加到列表中 ::EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs); pThread->pNext = g_pThreadList; g_pThreadList = pThread; ::LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs); } return pThread; } // 释放一个线程对象，并将它从线程对象列表中移除 void FreeThreadObj(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread) { // 在线程对象列表中查找pThread所指的对象，如果找到就从中移除 ::EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs); PTHREAD_OBJ p = g_pThreadList; if(p == pThread) // 是第一个？ { g_pThreadList = p->pNext; } else { while(p != NULL && p->pNext != pThread) { p = p->pNext; } if(p != NULL) { // 此时，p是pThread的前一个，即“p->pNext == pThread” p->pNext = pThread->pNext; } } ::LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs); // 释放资源 ::CloseHandle(pThread->events[0]); ::DeleteCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); ::GlobalFree(pThread); } // 向一个线程的套节字列表中插入一个套节字 BOOL InsertSocketObj(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread, PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket) { BOOL bRet = FALSE; ::EnterCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); if(pThread->nSocketCount < WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS - 1) { if(pThread->pSockHeader == NULL) { pThread->pSockHeader = pThread->pSockTail = pSocket; } else { pThread->pSockTail->pNext = pSocket; pThread->pSockTail = pSocket; } pThread->nSocketCount ++; bRet = TRUE; } ::LeaveCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); // 插入成功，说明成功处理了客户的连接请求 if(bRet) { ::InterlockedIncrement(&g_nTatolConnections); ::InterlockedIncrement(&g_nCurrentConnections); } return bRet; } // 从给定线程的套节字对象列表中移除一个套节字对象 void RemoveSocketObj(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread, PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket) { ::EnterCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); // 在套节字对象列表中查找指定的套节字对象，找到后将之移除 PSOCKET_OBJ pTest = pThread->pSockHeader; if(pTest == pSocket) { if(pThread->pSockHeader == pThread->pSockTail) pThread->pSockTail = pThread->pSockHeader = pTest->pNext; else pThread->pSockHeader = pTest->pNext; } else { while(pTest != NULL && pTest->pNext != pSocket) pTest = pTest->pNext; if(pTest != NULL) { if(pThread->pSockTail == pSocket) pThread->pSockTail = pTest; pTest->pNext = pSocket->pNext; } } pThread->nSocketCount --; ::LeaveCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); // 指示线程重建句柄数组 ::WSASetEvent(pThread->events[0]); // 说明一个连接中断 ::InterlockedDecrement(&g_nCurrentConnections); } PSOCKET_OBJ FindSocketObj(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread, int nIndex) // nIndex从1开始 { // 在套节字列表中查找 PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket = pThread->pSockHeader; while(--nIndex) { if(pSocket == NULL) return NULL; pSocket = pSocket->pNext; } return pSocket; } // 重新建立线程对象的events数组 void RebuildArray(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread) { ::EnterCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket = pThread->pSockHeader; int n = 1; // 从第1个开始写，第0个用于指示需要重建了 while(pSocket != NULL) { pThread->events[n++] = pSocket->event; pSocket = pSocket->pNext; } ::LeaveCriticalSection(&pThread->cs); }

 

第三步，对子线程的操作，即响应具体的网络事件的I/O操作线程函数：

 

// 将一个套节字对象安排给空闲的线程处理 void AssignToFreeThread(PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket) { pSocket->pNext = NULL; ::EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs); PTHREAD_OBJ pThread = g_pThreadList; // 试图插入到现存线程 while(pThread != NULL) { if(InsertSocketObj(pThread, pSocket)) break; pThread = pThread->pNext; } // 没有空闲线程，为这个套节字创建新的线程 if(pThread == NULL) { pThread = GetThreadObj(); InsertSocketObj(pThread, pSocket); ::CreateThread(NULL, 0, ServerThread, pThread, 0, NULL); } ::LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs); // 指示线程重建句柄数组 ::WSASetEvent(pThread->events[0]); } BOOL HandleIO(PTHREAD_OBJ pThread, PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket) { // 获取具体发生的网络事件 WSANETWORKEVENTS event; ::WSAEnumNetworkEvents(pSocket->s, pSocket->event, &event); do { if(event.lNetworkEvents & FD_READ) // 套节字可读 { if(event.iErrorCode[FD_READ_BIT] == 0) { char szText[256]; int nRecv = ::recv(pSocket->s, szText, strlen(szText), 0); if(nRecv > 0) { szText[nRecv] = '/0'; printf("接收到数据：%s /n", szText); char szSend[256] = {"Server Receive!"}; ::send(pSocket->s, szSend, 256, 0); } } else break; } else if(event.lNetworkEvents & FD_CLOSE) // 套节字关闭 { break; } else if(event.lNetworkEvents & FD_WRITE) // 套节字可写 { if(event.iErrorCode[FD_WRITE_BIT] == 0) { } else break; } return TRUE; } while(FALSE); // 套节字关闭，或者有错误发生，程序都会转到这里来执行 RemoveSocketObj(pThread, pSocket); FreeSocketObj(pSocket); return FALSE; } DWORD WINAPI ServerThread(LPVOID lpParam) { // 取得本线程对象的指针 PTHREAD_OBJ pThread = (PTHREAD_OBJ)lpParam; while(TRUE) { // 等待网络事件 int nIndex = ::WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(pThread->nSocketCount + 1, pThread->events, FALSE, WSA_INFINITE, FALSE); nIndex = nIndex - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0; // 查看受信的事件对象 for(int i=nIndex; i<pThread->nSocketCount + 1; i++) { nIndex = ::WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(1, &pThread->events[i], TRUE, 1000, FALSE); if(nIndex == WSA_WAIT_FAILED || nIndex == WSA_WAIT_TIMEOUT) { continue; } else { if(i == 0) // events[0]受信，重建数组 { RebuildArray(pThread); // 如果没有客户I/O要处理了，则本线程退出 if(pThread->nSocketCount == 0) { FreeThreadObj(pThread); return 0; } ::WSAResetEvent(pThread->events[0]); } else // 处理网络事件 { // 查找对应的套节字对象指针，调用HandleIO处理网络事件 PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket = (PSOCKET_OBJ)FindSocketObj(pThread, i); if(pSocket != NULL) { if(!HandleIO(pThread, pSocket)) RebuildArray(pThread); } else printf(" Unable to find socket object /n "); } } } } return 0; }

 

最后，主线程负责监听，如果有新的连接就分配给子线程处理：

 

::listen(sListen, 200); // 创建事件对象，并关联到监听的套节字 WSAEVENT event = ::WSACreateEvent(); ::WSAEventSelect(sListen, event, FD_ACCEPT|FD_CLOSE); ::InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs); // 处理客户连接请求，打印状态信息 while(TRUE) { int nRet = ::WaitForSingleObject(event, 5*1000); if(nRet == WAIT_FAILED) { printf(" Failed WaitForSingleObject() /n"); break; } else if(nRet == WSA_WAIT_TIMEOUT) // 定时显式状态信息 { printf(" /n"); printf(" TatolConnections: %d /n", g_nTatolConnections); printf(" CurrentConnections: %d /n", g_nCurrentConnections); continue; } else // 有新的连接未决 { ::ResetEvent(event); // 循环处理所有未决的连接请求 while(TRUE) { sockaddr_in si; int nLen = sizeof(si); SOCKET sNew = ::accept(sListen, (sockaddr*)&si, &nLen); if(sNew == SOCKET_ERROR) break; PSOCKET_OBJ pSocket = GetSocketObj(sNew); pSocket->addrRemote = si; ::WSAEventSelect(pSocket->s, pSocket->event, FD_READ|FD_CLOSE|FD_WRITE); AssignToFreeThread(pSocket); } } }

 

需要注意点：

A、各线程之间同步需要用信号量机制。

B、对于WSAWaitForMultipleEvent的返回值范围是：WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0 到 (WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0 + cEvents - 1)，表示WSAWaitForMultipleEvents（）函数在等待的某一个事件已经触发。nIndex = nIndex - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0是因为获得的索引要去访问eventArray[WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS]数组，当然得从0开始。