- 一切的操作都可以用Object完成
- //通过Class类获得类名
Class c1 = null;
Class c2= null;
Class c3 = null;
c1 = Class.forName(“cn.test.Person”);//这种最常用
c2 = new Person().getClass();
c3 = Person.class;
System.out.println(c1.getName());
System.out.println(c2.getName());
System.out.println(c3.getName());
- //通过Class类创建对象(这种创建对象的方式必须要无参构造方法)
/*String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person"; Class ob = Class.forName(className); Person p = (Person)ob.newInstance(); p.setName("haoren"); p.setAge(20); System.out.println(p.getName()); System.out.println(p.getAge());*/
- //通过有参数的构造方法来创建对象
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>/*String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person";
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Class ob = Class.forName(className);
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Constructor[] cst = ob.getConstructors();
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//Person p = (Person)cst[0].newInstance("huairen");//这里的构造函数的数组是有顺序的,按照参数的个数排序
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Person p = (Person)cst[1].newInstance("huairen",20);
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>System.out.println(p);*/
- //取得类的结构
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person";
Class ob = Class.forName(className);
//取得其全部实现的接口
/*Class[] inter = ob.getInterfaces();
for(int i=0;i<inter.length;i++){
System.out.println(inter[i]);
}*/
//取得其父类
Class superClass = ob.getSuperclass();
System.out.println(superClass);
//取得全部的构造方法
/*Constructor[] cs = ob.getConstructors();
for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
System.out.println(cs[i]);
}
//取出构造方法的形参
for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
Class[] pr = cs[i].getParameterTypes();
for(int j=0;j<pr.length;j++){
System.out.println(pr[j]);
}
}
//取出构造方法的权限
for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
int md = cs[i].getModifiers();
//System.out.println(md);
System.out.println(Modifier.toString(md));//将数字1还原为public
}
//取得构造方法名
System.out.println(cs[0].getName());*/
//取得全部方法
Method[] mthd = ob.getMethods();
/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
System.out.println(mthd[i]);
}*/
//获得方法的形参类型
/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
Class[] pa = mthd[i].getParameterTypes();
for(int j=0;j<pa.length;j++){
System.out.println(pa[j]);
}
}*/
//获得函数的名字
/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
String name = mthd[i].getName();
System.out.println(name);
}*/
//获得属性
/*Field[] f = ob.getDeclaredFields();//file
for(int i=0;i<f.length;i++){
System.out.println(f[i]);
}*/
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//通过反射调用类中的方法
//没有参数的情况
Method mth = ob.getDeclaredMethod("say");
mth.invoke(ob.newInstance());
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//p.say();
//有参数的情况
/*Method mth = ob.getDeclaredMethod("say",String.class,int.class);
mth.invoke(ob.newInstance(),"张三",80);*/
//修改属性
Class<?> c = Class.forName("cn.java.reflect.Person");
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Constructor<?>[] cst = c.getConstructors();
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Person p = (Person) cst[1].newInstance("土豪",3);
Field f = c.getDeclaredField("name");
f.setAccessible(true);
f.set(p, "wowo");
System.out.print(f.get(p));
- 反射的应用
- 工厂设计模式
public class FactoryDemo1 { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //System.out.println("吃苹果"+new Apple().eat()); //new Apple().eat(); //Factory.produce("苹果").eat(); try { Factory.produce("cn.reflect.Apple").eat(); Factory.produce("cn.reflect.Banana").eat(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } class Factory{ public static Fruit produce(String name) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException{ return (Fruit) Class.forName(name).newInstance(); } } /*class Factory{ public static Fruit produce(String name){ if("吃苹果".equals(name)){ return new Apple(); } if("吃桔子".equals(name)){ return new Orange(); } if("吃香蕉".equals(name)){ return new Banana(); } return null; } }*/ interface Fruit{ void eat(); } class Apple implements Fruit{ @Override public void eat() { System.out.println("吃苹果"); } } class Orange implements Fruit{ @Override public void eat() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("吃桔子"); } } class Banana implements Fruit{ @Override public void eat() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("吃香蕉"); } }