反射

• 一切的操作都可以用Object完成
• //通过Class类获得类名

Class c1 = null;

Class c2= null;

Class c3 = null;

c1 = Class.forName(“cn.test.Person”);//这种最常用

c2 = new Person().getClass();

c3 = Person.class;

System.out.println(c1.getName());

System.out.println(c2.getName());

System.out.println(c3.getName());

• //通过Class类创建对象(这种创建对象的方式必须要无参构造方法)

  • /*String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person";
    Class ob = Class.forName(className);
    Person p = (Person)ob.newInstance();
    p.setName("haoren");
    p.setAge(20);
    System.out.println(p.getName());
    System.out.println(p.getAge());*/

    
    

• //通过有参数的构造方法来创建对象

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>/*String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person";
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Class ob = Class.forName(className);
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Constructor[] cst = ob.getConstructors();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//Person  p = (Person)cst[0].newInstance("huairen");//这里的构造函数的数组是有顺序的，按照参数的个数排序
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Person  p = (Person)cst[1].newInstance("huairen",20);
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>System.out.println(p);*/

• //取得类的结构

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>String className= "cn.java.reflect.Person";
	Class ob = Class.forName(className);
	//取得其全部实现的接口
	/*Class[] inter = ob.getInterfaces();
	for(int i=0;i<inter.length;i++){
		System.out.println(inter[i]);
	}*/

	//取得其父类
		Class superClass = ob.getSuperclass();
		System.out.println(superClass);
		//取得全部的构造方法
		/*Constructor[] cs = ob.getConstructors();
		for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
			System.out.println(cs[i]);
		}

		//取出构造方法的形参
		for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
			Class[] pr = cs[i].getParameterTypes();
			
			for(int j=0;j<pr.length;j++){
				System.out.println(pr[j]);
			}
		}
		//取出构造方法的权限
		
		for(int i=0;i<cs.length;i++){
			int md = cs[i].getModifiers();
			//System.out.println(md);
			System.out.println(Modifier.toString(md));//将数字1还原为public
		}
		//取得构造方法名
		System.out.println(cs[0].getName());*/

		//取得全部方法
		Method[] mthd = ob.getMethods();
		/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
			System.out.println(mthd[i]);
		}*/
		//获得方法的形参类型
		/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
			Class[] pa = mthd[i].getParameterTypes();
			for(int j=0;j<pa.length;j++){
				System.out.println(pa[j]);
			}
		}*/

		//获得函数的名字
		/*for(int i=0;i<mthd.length;i++){
			String name = mthd[i].getName();
				System.out.println(name);
		}*/
		
		//获得属性
		/*Field[] f = ob.getDeclaredFields();//file
		for(int i=0;i<f.length;i++){
				System.out.println(f[i]);
		}*/

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//通过反射调用类中的方法
		//没有参数的情况
		Method mth = ob.getDeclaredMethod("say");
		mth.invoke(ob.newInstance());
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//p.say();

		//有参数的情况
		/*Method mth = ob.getDeclaredMethod("say",String.class,int.class);
		mth.invoke(ob.newInstance(),"张三",80);*/

	//修改属性
	Class<?> c = Class.forName("cn.java.reflect.Person");
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Constructor<?>[] cst = c.getConstructors();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Person p = (Person) cst[1].newInstance("土豪",3);
	Field f = c.getDeclaredField("name");
	f.setAccessible(true);
	f.set(p, "wowo");
	System.out.print(f.get(p));

• 反射的应用
  • 工厂设计模式

  • public class FactoryDemo1 {
    
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		//System.out.println("吃苹果"+new Apple().eat());
    		//new Apple().eat();
    		//Factory.produce("苹果").eat();
    	
    		try {
    			Factory.produce("cn.reflect.Apple").eat();
    			Factory.produce("cn.reflect.Banana").eat();
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} 
    		
    	}
    
    
    }
    
    
    class Factory{
    	public static Fruit produce(String name) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException{
    		return (Fruit) Class.forName(name).newInstance();
    		
    	}
    }
    /*class Factory{
    	public static Fruit produce(String name){
    		if("吃苹果".equals(name)){
    			return new Apple();
    		}
    		if("吃桔子".equals(name)){
    			return new Orange();
    		}
    		if("吃香蕉".equals(name)){
    			return new Banana();
    		}
    		return null;
    		
    	}
    }*/
    
    
    interface Fruit{
    	void eat();
    }
    
    
    class Apple implements Fruit{
    
    
    	@Override
    	public void eat() {
    		System.out.println("吃苹果");
    		
    	}
    	
    	
    }
    
    
    class Orange implements Fruit{
    
    
    	@Override
    	public void eat() {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		System.out.println("吃桔子");
    		
    	}
    	
    }
    class Banana implements Fruit{
    	
    	@Override
    	public void eat() {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		System.out.println("吃香蕉");
    		
    	}
    	
    }