C++重载输入和输出操作符以及IO标准库中的刷新输入缓冲区残留字符问题

今天在做C++ Primer习题的14.11时，印象中应该挺简单的一题，结果却费了很长时间。

类定义：

typedef string Date;

class CheckoutRecord{
public:
	CheckoutRecord(){book_id=-1;}
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &os,const CheckoutRecord &obj);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream &in,CheckoutRecord &obj);
private:
	double book_id;
	string title;
	Date date_borrowed;
	Date date_due;
	pair<string,string> borrower;
	vector<pair<string,string>*>wait_list;
};

重载输出操作符很简单：

ostream& operator<<(ostream &os,const CheckoutRecord &obj)
{
	os<<"Book ID:"<<obj.book_id<<endl;
	os<<"Title  :"<<obj.title<<endl;
	os<<"Data borrowed:"<<obj.date_borrowed<<endl;
	os<<"Date due		:"<<obj.da