RedHat Linux6.5 使用CentOS yum源

一、查看redhat版本：

[liuc@localhost ~]$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 10 22:19:54 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

二、使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示

[liuc@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install gcc  
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager  
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.  
Setting up Install Process  
No package gcc available.  
Error: Nothing to do  

三、安装以及配置yum源

     （注意:以下操作都在root下执行）

1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包

x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：

1>  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

2>  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

3>  yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

4>  yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

下载命令：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

 

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-69.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

 

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)

 

2、卸载RedHat自带的yum

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

[注]：1>   xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令，以避免参数列表过长的问题
         2>   --nodeps  强制卸载,不管依赖性
 

3、安装下载的centos的yum包：

rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

 

rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误

 

4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中

(1).进入/etc/yum.repo.d中

[root@localhost liuc]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

(2).下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,到/etc/yum.repo.d中

wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

 

下面是修改好的:

# CentOS-Base.repo  
#  
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the  
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and  
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates  
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.  
#  
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the   
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.  
#  
#  
  
  
[base]  
name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
  
#released updates   
[updates]  
name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
  
#additional packages that may be useful  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
  
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
  
#contrib - packages by Centos Users  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存

7、yum makecache  获取yum列表

     出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
     Metadata Cache Created