Android Merge标签

Merge标签用作布局中减少冗余的节点.

通过代码来解释.
MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <include layout="@layout/content" />
</LinearLayout>

content.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

得到的效果如下.

查看hierarchyviewer(在你的sdk目录 XXX\sdk\tools里面hierarchyviewer.bat)

红方框里面就是三个Button, include进来的两个Button前面多了一层LinerLayout
这层LinerLayout作为被包含的视图的根元素, 和父级结构中的LinerLayout一致, 是一个冗余的节点. 可以通过Merge标签来减少一个层级.
修改为

content_merge.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<merge xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</merge>

再次查看hierarchyviewer

红方框里面是三个Button, 比上面的少了一层LinerLayout

网上有老司机提到

只可以作为xml layout的根节点。

当需要扩充的xml layout本身是由merge作为根节点的话，需要将被导入的xml layout置于
viewGroup中，同时需要设置attachToRoot为True。

第二点老司机们并没有解释一下
LayoutInflater中有这个方法

public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) 

还是用代码来解释

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private FrameLayout mContainer;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mContainer = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.container);
        getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.content_merge, mContainer, false);
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

content_merge.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<merge xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="content_merge" />
</merge>

“`

getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.content_merge, mContainer, false);

运行到这句, 抛出异常:

Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2:< merge /> can be used only with a valid ViewGroup root and
attachToRoot=true
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: < merge /> can be used only with a valid ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true

改成

getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.content_merge, mContainer, true);

就能正常显示了