HDU 3836 Equivalent Sets 强连通分量

题意：让所有点强连通需要最少连多少条边？

思路：缩点，求出每个强连通分量的入度和出度，如果强连通分量的入度为0，则incnt++，如果强连通分量的出度为0，则outcnt++,取max(incnt,outcnt)就是答案。因为一个强连通的图中，每个点的入度和出度都是$\ge$1的。所有最多只要连max(incnt,outcnt)条线，因为可以将出度为0的点连上入度为0的点。

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=3836

/*********************************************
    Problem : HDU 3836
    Author  : NMfloat
    InkTime (c) NM . All Rights Reserved .
********************************************/

#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

#define rep(i,a,b)  for(int i = a ; i <= b ; i ++)
#define rrep(i,a,b) for(int i = b ; i >= a ; i --)
#define repE(p,u) for(Edge * p = G[u].first ; p ; p = p -> next)
#define cls(a,x)   memset(a,x,sizeof(a))

using namespace std;

typedef long long LL;

const int MOD = 1e9+7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MAXN = 2e4+5;
const int MAXE = 5e4+5;

struct Edge {
    int to;
    Edge * next ;
}E[MAXE], * EE;

struct Gragh {
    Edge * first ;
}G[MAXN];

int T,n,m;
int Stack[MAXN] ; 
bool InStack[MAXN];
int dfn[MAXN] , low[MAXN] , num[MAXN] , belong[MAXN];
int idx,top,scc;

void addedge(int u,int v) {
    EE->to = v ; EE->next = G[u].first ; G[u].first = EE ++;
} 

void init() {
    EE = E; idx = top = scc = 0;
    cls(G,0); cls(dfn,0); cls(InStack,0);
}

void tarjan(int u) {
    int v;
    dfn[u] = low[u] = ++idx;
    Stack[top++] = u;
    InStack[u] = true;
    repE(p,u) {
        v = p -> to;
        if(!dfn[v]) {
            tarjan(v);
            if(low[u] > low[v]) low[u] = low[v];
        }
        else if(InStack[v] && low[u] > dfn[v]) 
            low[u] = dfn[v];
    }
    if(low[u] == dfn[u]) {
        scc ++;
        do {
            v = Stack[--top];
            InStack[v] = false;
            belong[v] = scc;
            num[scc] ++;
        } while(v != u) ;
    }
}

int X[MAXE];
int Y[MAXE];
int indegree[MAXN];
int outdegree[MAXN];

void input() {
    int u,v;
    rep(i,1,m) {
        scanf("%d %d",&u,&v);
        X[i] = u; Y[i] = v;
        addedge(u,v);
    }
}

void solve() {
    rep(i,1,n) {
        if(!dfn[i]) tarjan(i);      
    }
    if(scc == 1) {
        puts("0");
    }
    else {
        int incnt = 0 , outcnt = 0;
        cls(indegree,0); cls(outdegree,0);
        rep(i,1,m) {
            if(belong[X[i]] != belong[Y[i]]) {
                indegree[belong[Y[i]]] ++;
                outdegree[belong[X[i]]] ++;
            }
        }
        rep(i,1,scc) {
            if(indegree[i] == 0) incnt ++;
            if(outdegree[i] == 0) outcnt ++;
        }
        printf("%d\n",max(incnt,outcnt));
    }
}   

int main(void) {
    //freopen("a.in","r",stdin);
    //scanf("%d",&T);
    while(~scanf("%d %d",&n,&m)) {
        init();
        input();
        solve();
    }
    return 0;
}