Android常用控件之碎片Fragment

概述

碎片是一种可以嵌入到活动中的UI片段，用于解决分辨率的差异性问题,所用的包为android.support.v4.app

知识点

Fragment的生命周期

与Activity生命周期的对比：

如何动态实现碎片

首先布局activity_main

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center">

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/framelayout_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </FrameLayout>

    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/radio_group"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:background="#00ffff"
        android:checkedButton="@+id/radio_button_msg">

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radio_button_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:button="@drawable/log2_state"/>

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radio_button_man"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:button="@drawable/log1_state"
            android:layout_marginLeft="25dp"
            android:layout_marginRight="25dp"/>

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/radio_button_act"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:button="@drawable/log3_state"/>
    </RadioGroup>

</RelativeLayout>

接着写三个fragment的布局文件fragment_1\fragment2\fragment3

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fragment_text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="我是第一个fragment"/>
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="我是第二个fragment"/>
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/fragment_edit"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="我是第三个fragment"/>
</LinearLayout>

drawable中新建三个文件log1_state、log2_state、log3_state

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log1_checked" android:state_checked="true"></item>
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log1_nomal"></item>
</selector>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log2_checked" android:state_checked="true"></item>
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log2_nomal"></item>
</selector>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log3_checked" android:state_checked="true"></item>
    <item android:drawable="@mipmap/log3_nomal"></item>
</selector>

新建一个包存放所有fragment类

public class MyFragment1 extends Fragment {
    private TextView mTextView;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1,null);
        mTextView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_text);
        return view;
    }

    public void setText(String str){
        mTextView.setText(str);
    }
}

public class MyFragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2,null);
        return view;
    }
}

public class MyFragment3 extends Fragment {
    private EditText mEditText;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment3,null);
        mEditText= (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_edit);
        return view;
    }

    public String getText(){
        return mEditText.getText().toString();
    }
}

主活动MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener {

    private RadioButton mRadioButton1;
    private RadioButton mRadioButton2;
    private RadioButton mRadioButton3;
    private FragmentManager mFragmentManager;
    private FragmentTransaction mTransaction;

    private MyFragment1 myFragment1;
    private MyFragment2 myFragment2;
    private MyFragment3 myFragment3;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mRadioButton1 = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.radio_button_msg);
        mRadioButton2 = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.radio_button_man);
        mRadioButton3 = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.radio_button_act);

        mRadioButton1.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        mRadioButton2.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        mRadioButton3.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);

        mFragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        myFragment1 = new MyFragment1();
        myFragment2 = new MyFragment2();
        myFragment3 = new MyFragment3();

        mTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        mTransaction.add(R.id.framelayout_container, myFragment1);
        mTransaction.add(R.id.framelayout_container, myFragment2);
        mTransaction.add(R.id.framelayout_container, myFragment3);
        mTransaction.hide(myFragment1);
        mTransaction.hide(myFragment2);
        mTransaction.commit();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
        if (mRadioButton1.isChecked()) {
            mTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            //mTransaction.replace(R.id.framelayout_container,new MyFragment1());
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment2);
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment3);
            mTransaction.show(myFragment1);
            myFragment1.setText(myFragment3.getText());
            mTransaction.commit();
        }
        if (mRadioButton2.isChecked()) {
            mTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            //mTransaction.replace(R.id.framelayout_container,new MyFragment2());
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment1);
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment3);
            mTransaction.show(myFragment2);
            mTransaction.commit();
        }
        if (mRadioButton3.isChecked()) {
            mTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            //mTransaction.replace(R.id.framelayout_container,new MyFragment3());
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment1);
            mTransaction.hide(myFragment2);
            mTransaction.show(myFragment3);
            mTransaction.commit();
        }
    }
}

结果演示：