图的深度广度搜索简单训练：Course Schedule

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-25 08:45:00 发布

Ray_sysu

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-25 08:45:00 发布

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文章标签： bfs dfs

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Ray_sysu/article/details/64123306

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先看题目：

There are a total of n courses you have to take, labeled from 0 to n - 1.

Some courses may have prerequisites, for example to take course 0 you have to first take course 1, which is expressed as a pair: [0,1]

Given the total number of courses and a list of prerequisite pairs, is it possible for you to finish all courses?

For example:

2, [[1,0]]

There are a total of 2 courses to take. To take course 1 you should have finished course 0. So it is possible.

2, [[1,0],[0,1]]

There are a total of 2 courses to take. To take course 1 you should have finished course 0, and to take course 0 you should also have finished course 1. So it is impossible.

这个题意思就是检测图中有没有环，采用深度优先搜索(DFS)和广度优先搜索（BFS)都可以.。具体思路为，先将题目给定的pair转化为二次矩阵，随后对其进行深度优先搜索（或广度优先搜索），每访问一个点就将其设为已经访问过，若访问到已经访问过的点，说明当前图中有环，也就是不能完成课程，返回falsu。具体代码如下：

BFS：

class Solution {
public:
    bool canFinish(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph = make_graph(numCourses, prerequisites);
        vector<int> degrees = compute_indegree(graph);
        for (int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++) {
            int j = 0;
            for (; j < numCourses; j++)
                if (!degrees[j]) break;
            if (j == numCourses) return false;
            degrees[j] = -1;
            for (int neigh : graph[j])
                degrees[neigh]--;
        }
        return true;
    }
private:
    vector<unordered_set<int>> make_graph(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph(numCourses);
        for (auto pre : prerequisites)
            graph[pre.second].insert(pre.first);
        return graph;
    }
    vector<int> compute_indegree(vector<unordered_set<int>>& graph) {
        vector<int> degrees(graph.size(), 0);
        for (auto neighbors : graph)
            for (int neigh : neighbors)
                degrees[neigh]++;
        return degrees;
    }
};

DFS：

class Solution {
public:
    bool canFinish(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph = make_graph(numCourses, prerequisites);
        vector<bool> onpath(numCourses, false), visited(numCourses, false);
        for (int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++)
            if (!visited[i] && dfs_cycle(graph, i, onpath, visited))
                return false;
        return true;
    }
private:
    vector<unordered_set<int>> make_graph(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph(numCourses);
        for (auto pre : prerequisites)
            graph[pre.second].insert(pre.first);
        return graph;
    }
    bool dfs_cycle(vector<unordered_set<int>>& graph, int node, vector<bool>& onpath, vector<bool>& visited) {
        if (visited[node]) return false;
        onpath[node] = visited[node] = true;
        for (int neigh : graph[node])
            if (onpath[neigh] || dfs_cycle(graph, neigh, onpath, visited))
                return true;
        return onpath[node] = false;
    }
};