PyMongo使用入门(一)

安装

pip install pymongo

python3.4环境配置好，我是Windows系统，cmd命令安装就可以了

连接数据库,简单增加，查询数据

import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
from bson.objectid import ObjectId
import datetime

client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
db = client.PymongoDemo

"""第二种连接方法"""
#client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
#db = client['test-database']
#collection = db['test-collection']

post = {"author": "Mike",
         "text": "My first blog post!",
         "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"],
         "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}

posts = db.posts
"""要插入到文档的集合，我们可以使用insert_one（）方法："""
post_id = posts.insert_one(post).inserted_id
print(post_id)

"""我们列出数据库所有的集合"""
db.collection_names(include_system_collections=False)

print(posts.find_one())
print(posts.find_one({"author": "Mike"}))
print(posts.find_one({"author": "Eliot"}))

#根据ObjectId查询
posts.find_one({"_id": post_id})

"""在Web应用程序中的一个常见的任务是让从请求的URL获得ObjectId来查找匹配的文件。
在这种情况下，有必要将其传递给find_one前，从一个字符串转换成ObjectId："""
def get(post_id):
    document = client.db.collection.find_one({'_id': ObjectId(post_id)})

批量插入

import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
from bson.objectid import ObjectId
import datetime


client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
db = client.PymongoDemo

posts = db.posts

#批量插入
new_posts = [{"author": "Mike",
              "text": "Another post!",
              "tags": ["bulk", "insert"],
              "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14)},
            {"author": "Eliot",
              "title": "MongoDB is fun",
               "text": "and pretty easy too!",
             "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45)}]
result = posts.insert_many(new_posts)

print(result.inserted_ids)

---

查询

import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
from bson.objectid import ObjectId
import datetime


client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
db = client.PymongoDemo

posts = db.posts


for post in posts.find():
   print(post)

for post in posts.find({"author": "Mike"}):
    print(post)

#统计
print(posts.count())

"""范围查询"""
d = datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 12)
for post in posts.find({"date": {"$lt": d}}).sort("author"):
  print(post)

"""索引"""
"""创建唯一索引"""
"""一种是在_id的索引MongoDB的自动创建，另一种是我们刚创建的用户ID的索引。"""
#result = db.profiles.create_index([('user_id', pymongo.ASCENDING)], unique=True)
#print(list(db.profiles.index_information()))


user_profiles = [
     {'user_id': 211, 'name': 'Luke'},
     {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Ziltoid'}]
result = db.profiles.insert_many(user_profiles)


new_profile = {'user_id': 213, 'name': 'Drew'}
duplicate_profile = {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Tommy'}
result = db.profiles.insert_one(new_profile)  # 这可以
"""重复键错误"""
result = db.profiles.insert_one(duplicate_profile) #报错