pymongo给集合创建索引

查看pymongo中collection.py源码描述：

def create_index(self, keys, session=None, **kwargs):
    """Creates an index on this collection.

    Takes either a single key or a list of (key, direction) pairs.
    The key(s) must be an instance of :class:`basestring`
    (:class:`str` in python 3), and the direction(s) must be one of
    (:data:`~pymongo.ASCENDING`, :data:`~pymongo.DESCENDING`,
    :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`, :data:`~pymongo.GEOHAYSTACK`,
    :data:`~pymongo.GEOSPHERE`, :data:`~pymongo.HASHED`,
    :data:`~pymongo.TEXT`).

    To create a single key ascending index on the key ``'mike'`` we just
    use a string argument::

      >>> my_collection.create_index("mike")

    For a compound index on ``'mike'`` descending and ``'eliot'``
    ascending we need to use a list of tuples::

      >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING),
      ...                             ("eliot", pymongo.ASCENDING)])

    All optional index creation parameters should be passed as
    keyword arguments to this method. For example::

      >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING)],
      ...                            background=True)

    Valid options include, but are not limited to:

      - `name`: custom name to use for this index - if none is
        given, a name will be generated.
      - `unique`: if ``True`` creates a uniqueness constraint on the index.
      - `background`: if ``True`` this index should be created in the
        background.
      - `sparse`: if ``True``, omit from the index any documents that lack
        the indexed field.
      - `bucketSize`: for use with geoHaystack indexes.
        Number of documents to group together within a certain proximity
        to a given longitude and latitude.
      - `min`: minimum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
        index.
      - `max`: maximum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
        index.
      - `expireAfterSeconds`: <int> Used to create an expiring (TTL)
        collection. MongoDB will automatically delete documents from
        this collection after <int> seconds. The indexed field must
        be a UTC datetime or the data will not expire.
      - `partialFilterExpression`: A document that specifies a filter for
        a partial index. Requires server version >=3.2.
      - `collation` (optional): An instance of
        :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
        on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
      - `wildcardProjection`: Allows users to include or exclude specific
        field paths from a `wildcard index`_ using the { "$**" : 1} key
        pattern. Requires server version >= 4.2."""