Linux中的gmtime和localtime,mktime算法

#include<time.h>

time_t time(time_t *calptr) //time函数返回从1970年1月1日的UTC时间的0时0分0秒算起到现在所有的秒数

struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *calptr) //将其转换为标准时间

struct tm *localtime(const time_t *calptr) //将其转换为本地时间

以上两个函数返回一个tm结构的指针

struct tm {
int tm_sec; /* 秒–取值区间为[0,59] */
int tm_min; /* 分 - 取值区间为[0,59] */
int tm_hour; /* 时 - 取值区间为[0,23] */
int tm_mday; /* 一个月中的日期 - 取值区间为[1,31] */
int tm_mon; /* 月份(从一月开始,0代表一月) - 取值区间为[0,11] */
int tm_year; /* 年份,其值从1900开始 */
int tm_wday; /* 星期–取值区间为[0,6],其中0代表星期天,1代表星期一,以此类推 */
int tm_yday; /* 从每年的1月1日开始的天数–取值区间为[0,365],其中0代表1月1日,1代表1月2日,以此类推 */
int tm_isdst; /* 夏令时标识符,实行夏令时的时候,tm_isdst为正。不实行夏令时的进候,tm_isdst为0;不了解情况时,tm_isdst()为负。*/
long int tm_gmtoff; /*指定了日期变更线东面时区中UTC东部时区正秒数或UTC西部时区的负秒数*/
const char *tm_zone; /*当前时区的名字(与环境变量TZ有关)*/
};

示例代码:
#include<time.h>
#include<stdio.h>

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
        time_t time_current;
        struct tm * tmp= NULL;

        time_current = time(NULL);
        printf("time_current = %d\n",time_current);

        tmp = gmtime(&time_current);
        printf("gmtime: the time is:\n%d%d%d/%d:%d:%d\n",tmp->tm_year-100+2000,tmp->tm_mon+1,tmp->tm_mday,tmp->tm_hour,tmp- >tm_min,tmp->tm_sec);

        tmp = localtime(&time_current);
        printf("localtime: the time is:\n%d%d%d/%d:%d:%d\n",tmp->tm_year-100+2000,tmp->tm_mon+1,tmp->tm_mday,tmp->tm_hour,tmp- >tm_min,tmp->tm_sec);
    
        return 0;
}
代码运行结果:

Linux源码中的mktime算法
从CMOS中读出来的系统时间并不是time_t类型的,而是类似于struct tm那样,年月日时分秒都是分开存储的。
想要把它转化成系统便于处理的time_t类型,就需要算法进行转换。
Linux的源代码用了短短的几行代码就爱完成了这个复杂的转换(Gauss算法)。
源代码:
include/linux/time.h
static inline unsigned long mktime (unsigned int year, unsigned int mon,
    unsigned int day, unsigned int hour,
    unsigned int min, unsigned int sec)
       {
    if (>= (int) (mon -= 2)){ /**//* 1..12 -> 11,12,1..10 */
         mon += 12; /**//* Puts Feb last since it has leap day */
         year -= 1;
    }
    return (((
             (unsigned long) (year/- year/100 + year/400 + 367*mon/12 + day) +
             year*365 - 719499
          )*24 + hour /**//* now have hours */
       )*60 + min /**//* now have minutes */
    )*60 + sec; /**//* finally seconds */
}



static __time64_t __cdecl _make__time64_t ( struct tm *tb, int ultflag ) { __time64_t tmptm1, tmptm2, tmptm3; struct tm tbtemp; long dstbias = 0; long timezone = 0; _VALIDATE_RETURN( ( tb != NULL ), EINVAL, ( ( __time64_t )( -1 ) ) ) /* * First, make sure tm_year is reasonably close to being in range. */ if ( ((tmptm1 = tb->tm_year) _MAX_YEAR64 + 1) ) goto err_mktime; /* * Adjust month value so it is in the range 0 - 11. This is because * we don't know how many days are in months 12, 13, 14, etc. */ if ( (tb->tm_mon tm_mon > 11) ) { tmptm1 += (tb->tm_mon / 12); if ( (tb->tm_mon %= 12) tm_mon += 12; tmptm1--; } /* * Make sure year count is still in range. */ if ( (tmptm1 _MAX_YEAR64 + 1) ) goto err_mktime; } /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed years *****/ /* * Calculate days elapsed minus one, in the given year, to the given * month. Check for leap year and adjust if necessary. */ tmptm2 = _days[tb->tm_mon]; if ( _IS_LEAP_YEAR(tmptm1) && (tb->tm_mon > 1) ) tmptm2++; /* * Calculate elapsed days since base date (midnight, 1/1/70, UTC) * * * 365 days for each elapsed year since 1970, plus one more day for * each elapsed leap year. no danger of overflow because of the range * check (above) on tmptm1. */ tmptm3 = (tmptm1 - _BASE_YEAR) * 365 + _ELAPSED_LEAP_YEARS(tmptm1); /* * elapsed days to current month (still no possible overflow) */ tmptm3 += tmptm2; /* * elapsed days to current date. */ tmptm1 = tmptm3 + (tmptm2 = (__time64_t)(tb->tm_mday)); /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed days *****/ /* * Calculate elapsed hours since base date */ tmptm2 = tmptm1 * 24; tmptm1 = tmptm2 + (tmptm3 = (__time64_t)tb->tm_hour); /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed hours *****/ /* * Calculate elapsed minutes since base date */ tmptm2 = tmptm1 * 60; tmptm1 = tmptm2 + (tmptm3 = (__time64_t)tb->tm_min); /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed minutes *****/ /* * Calculate elapsed seconds since base date */ tmptm2 = tmptm1 * 60; tmptm1 = tmptm2 + (tmptm3 = (__time64_t)tb->tm_sec); /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed seconds *****/ if ( ultflag ) { /* * Adjust for timezone. No need to check for overflow since * localtime() will check its arg value */ __tzset(); _ERRCHECK(_get_dstbias(&dstbias;)); _ERRCHECK(_get_timezone(&timezone;)); tmptm1 += timezone; /* * Convert this second count back into a time block structure. * If localtime returns NULL, return an error. */ if ( _localtime64_s(&tbtemp;, &tmptm1;) != 0 ) goto err_mktime; /* * Now must compensate for DST. The ANSI rules are to use the * passed-in tm_isdst flag if it is non-negative. Otherwise, * compute if DST applies. Recall that tbtemp has the time without * DST compensation, but has set tm_isdst correctly. */ if ( (tb->tm_isdst > 0) || ((tb->tm_isdst 0)) ) { tmptm1 += dstbias; if ( _localtime64_s(&tbtemp;, &tmptm1;) != 0 ) goto err_mktime; } } else { if ( _gmtime64_s(&tbtemp;, &tmptm1;) != 0) goto err_mktime; } /***** HERE: tmptm1 holds number of elapsed seconds, adjusted *****/ /***** for local time if requested *****/ *tb = tbtemp; return tmptm1; err_mktime: /* * All errors come to here */ errno = EINVAL; return (__time64_t)(-1); }
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值